【摘要】：干燥作為一種廣泛應(yīng)用于各行各業(yè)的處理手段,對其具體過程的研究從未停止過,隨著社會需求的不斷增加,人們希望對于干燥過程能有更深入同時也更準確的過程。建立更完善的模型,確立更精確的干燥標(biāo)準,尤其是對一些新出現(xiàn)的干燥方法,需要更多更準的實驗數(shù)據(jù)來對生產(chǎn)及理論進行指導(dǎo)和反饋。本文就此需求自行設(shè)計了一款主要面向真空相關(guān)的用于干燥參數(shù)在線測量的設(shè)備,并將其投入到制造過程中。本文針對社會需求,對于實驗數(shù)據(jù)的獲得以及多種干燥形式的營造進行了綜合的考慮,并結(jié)合對于數(shù)據(jù)的更精確要求,對設(shè)備方案進行了不斷的改進,同時與制造方保持溝通,最終確定了設(shè)備制造的最終方案。此方案有以下幾個創(chuàng)新點,首先,完成了關(guān)于質(zhì)量與溫度數(shù)據(jù)的連續(xù)測量,同時創(chuàng)新性的采用了無線測溫模塊,避免了數(shù)據(jù)引線可能造成的誤差；其次,完成了多種干燥形式包括真空干燥、真空冷凍干燥和真空微波干燥的干燥環(huán)境的營造；再次,使得在實驗過程中對物料進行取樣成為可能,同時也就實現(xiàn)了物料新鮮截面的顯微圖像的獲��；最后,針對震動對質(zhì)量測量可能造成的影響,在結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計中加入了若干減震設(shè)計,最大程度上減少了外部震動帶來的影響。作為一款實驗數(shù)據(jù)測量設(shè)備,本文對主要的測量設(shè)備包括懸臂梁電子稱、無線測溫系統(tǒng)進行了介紹,并對這兩樣測量設(shè)備的測量精度以及可能產(chǎn)生的誤差進行了分析。對于懸臂梁的誤差分析主要依靠ansys軟件模擬及小型的實驗,對包括初始變形、高溫、低溫、隨機振動幾種影響因素下,懸臂梁示數(shù)的變化情況進行了表征和適當(dāng)?shù)姆治?并給出誤差的計算公式用于校準。另一方面,對于無線測溫系統(tǒng)的組成及其工作過程進行了介紹,通過這些介紹為后期對其使用及發(fā)生問題的處理提供了依據(jù)。溫度、質(zhì)量包括真空度等數(shù)據(jù)只是一個基本的物理量,并不能直接用于表征干燥的程度,對于干燥過程有一些統(tǒng)一的參數(shù),比如傳熱系數(shù)、有效擴散系數(shù)、熱導(dǎo)率等,在計算這些參數(shù)過程中基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)例如長度、時間也包括質(zhì)量等,由于人本身或測量設(shè)備本身會造成數(shù)據(jù)的波動,這種波動可以利用不確定度理論進行描述。通過一系列的分析得出最終用于表征干燥過程的參數(shù)的不確定度大小,并分析出影響此不確定度的主因。最后,合理設(shè)計實驗,通過實驗來驗收實驗設(shè)備獲得實驗設(shè)備各項參數(shù)的同時,也將用來驗證之前做出的誤差分析以及無線測溫裝置是否能夠承擔(dān)起使得數(shù)據(jù)離準確值更近的任務(wù)。
[Abstract]:Drying is widely used in various industries, the study of its specific process has never stopped. With the increasing demand of society, people hope to have a deeper and more accurate process for drying process. To establish more perfect models and more precise drying standards, especially for some new drying methods, more and more accurate experimental data are needed to guide and feedback the production and theory. In this paper, a vacuum related equipment for on-line measurement of drying parameters is designed and applied to the manufacturing process. In this paper, according to the social needs, we have considered synthetically the acquisition of experimental data and the construction of various drying forms, and combined with the more accurate requirements for the data, we have continuously improved the equipment scheme and maintained communication with the manufacturer. Finally, the final scheme of equipment manufacturing is determined. This scheme has the following innovations: firstly, the continuous measurement of the quality and temperature data is completed, and the wireless temperature measurement module is innovatively used to avoid the error caused by the data lead; Secondly, the drying environment of vacuum drying, vacuum freeze drying and vacuum microwave drying has been built. Thirdly, it is possible to sample the material in the process of experiment, and at the same time, obtain the microscopic image of the fresh section of the material. Finally, in view of the possible impact of vibration on mass measurement, a number of damping designs are added to the structural design to minimize the impact of external vibration. As a kind of experimental data measuring equipment, this paper introduces the main measuring equipment, including cantilever beam electronic weighing and wireless temperature measuring system, and analyzes the measuring accuracy and possible error of these two kinds of measuring equipment. The error analysis of cantilever beam mainly depends on the simulation of ansys software and small scale experiment. The change of the number of the cantilever beam is characterized and properly analyzed under the influence factors of initial deformation, high temperature, low temperature and random vibration. The calculation formula of error is given for calibration. On the other hand, the composition and working process of wireless temperature measurement system are introduced. The data of temperature and mass, including vacuum degree, are only a basic physical quantity and can not be directly used to characterize the degree of drying. There are some uniform parameters for the drying process, such as heat transfer coefficient, effective diffusion coefficient, thermal conductivity, etc. In the process of calculating these parameters, the basic data such as length and time also include quality, which can be described by the uncertainty theory because of the fluctuation of data caused by the person itself or the measuring equipment itself. Through a series of analyses, the uncertainty of the parameters used to characterize the drying process was obtained, and the main factors affecting the uncertainty were analyzed. Finally, the experiment is designed reasonably, and the parameters of the experimental equipment are obtained by the experiment. It will also be used to verify previous error analysis and the ability of wireless thermometers to take on the task of bringing data closer to the correct value.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TB4

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