【摘要】：隨著高速鐵路技術(shù)的迅速發(fā)展,列車的運(yùn)行速度越來越快,造成了不可回避的噪聲問題。聲屏障是降低列車這類移動(dòng)噪聲源問題的重要手段,在高速鐵路上有較廣泛的應(yīng)用。目前對(duì)聲屏障的設(shè)計(jì)思路基本停留在較大安全系數(shù)的靜力計(jì)算上,這對(duì)金屬材料的利用率往往較低,并且設(shè)計(jì)中較少考慮交變的氣動(dòng)載荷對(duì)聲屏障壽命的影響。因此基于列車風(fēng)氣動(dòng)載荷的聲屏障強(qiáng)度分析是很有必要的。本文的主要工作分為以下三點(diǎn)： 1通過流體控制方程和紊流k-ε模型,利用有限體積法仿真分析了列車通過聲屏障的外流場(chǎng),得到了聲屏障上的氣動(dòng)載荷,并擬合了其隨速度的變化曲線。氣體壓力為一個(gè)隨時(shí)間變化且不均勻分布的面載荷。任意點(diǎn)壓力隨時(shí)間呈兩個(gè)脈沖狀變化。聲屏障沿高度方向,內(nèi)側(cè)面壓力從下而上變小,外側(cè)面壓力從上而下減小。 2通過單向流固耦合技術(shù),將聲屏障受到的氣動(dòng)載荷加載為聲屏障的受力條件,利用有限元法分析了聲屏障的受力情況和變化規(guī)律,并得到了應(yīng)力與速度、中心距的脈譜圖。H鋼立柱受到彎扭組合變形,彎矩扭矩各經(jīng)歷兩次換向。每當(dāng)列車經(jīng)過一次,等效應(yīng)力產(chǎn)生四個(gè)脈沖,其中第一個(gè)脈沖值最大。等效應(yīng)力與速度成二次曲線關(guān)系。 3根據(jù)出現(xiàn)最大應(yīng)力的節(jié)點(diǎn)(危險(xiǎn)點(diǎn))的時(shí)間歷程曲線,用雨流計(jì)數(shù)法得出對(duì)應(yīng)工況下的載荷譜。利用材料的S-N(應(yīng)力-疲勞)曲線和Good-man曲線修正平均應(yīng)力,采用線性累計(jì)損傷理論預(yù)測(cè)立柱的疲勞壽命。盡管H鋼立柱受到的應(yīng)力不大,但可能出現(xiàn)疲勞破壞,車速和聲屏障距離對(duì)其疲勞壽命有非常大的影響。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of high-speed railway technology, the speed of train running faster and faster, causing unavoidable noise problem. Noise barrier is an important means to reduce the problem of moving noise sources such as trains. It is widely used in high speed railway. At present, the design idea of acoustic barrier is based on static calculation of large safety factor, which is often low on the utilization ratio of metal materials, and the influence of alternating aerodynamic load on the life of acoustic barrier is seldom considered in the design. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the intensity of sound barrier based on the aerodynamic load of train wind. The main work of this paper is as follows: 1 through the fluid control equation and turbulent k- 蔚 model, the flow field of the train passing through the acoustic barrier is simulated and analyzed by using the finite volume method, and the aerodynamic load on the acoustic barrier is obtained. The curve of its variation with velocity is fitted. The gas pressure is a surface load which varies with time and is unevenly distributed. The pressure at any point changes in two pulses with time. Along the height direction, the inner side pressure decreases from the bottom to the top, and the outer side pressure decreases from the top to the bottom. 2 through the unidirectional fluid-solid coupling technology, the aerodynamic load on the sound barrier is loaded into the stress condition of the sound barrier. The stress and variation law of the noise barrier are analyzed by finite element method, and the pulse spectrum of stress, velocity and center distance are obtained. H steel column is subjected to combined bending and torsion deformation, and the moment and torque each undergo two commutations. Each time the train passes by, the equivalent stress produces four pulses, the first of which is the largest. The relationship between equivalent stress and velocity is conic. 3 according to the time history curve of node (dangerous point) with maximum stress, the load spectrum under corresponding working condition is obtained by rain flow counting method. The S-N (stress-fatigue) curve and the Good-man curve are used to modify the average stress and the linear cumulative damage theory is used to predict the fatigue life of the column. Although the stress of H-steel column is not large, fatigue failure may occur, and the speed and the distance of sound barrier have great influence on the fatigue life of H-steel column.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：U213.83;TB535

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本文編號(hào)：2275372