【摘要】：在建設(shè)節(jié)約型社會的今天,如何提高設(shè)備利用率,延長設(shè)備使用壽命已成為一個越來越重要的議題。超市制冷系統(tǒng)承擔(dān)了大部分冷鏈的終端零售任務(wù),分布廣泛,數(shù)量眾多。超市制冷系統(tǒng)主要由壓縮機組、冷凝器單元和多個相互獨立的陳列柜組成。各個陳列柜中的溫度控制器通常采用滯環(huán)控制。在實際工作中人們發(fā)現(xiàn),這些滯環(huán)控制操作容易趨于一致,導(dǎo)致系統(tǒng)吸氣壓力在大范圍內(nèi)波動,相應(yīng)的閥門、壓縮機組頻繁切換,這就是同步現(xiàn)象。同步現(xiàn)象產(chǎn)生后不僅增加了壓縮機組的負(fù)載,降低了其使用壽命,而且會使系統(tǒng)能耗增加。因此在保證食品存儲質(zhì)量的基礎(chǔ)上,解決系統(tǒng)同步的問題,在延長制冷系統(tǒng)使用壽命以及提高能源利用率等方面都有著積極的意義。本文主要內(nèi)容如下： 首先,本文介紹了一般制冷系統(tǒng)的制冷原理；并從超市制冷系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)入手,用數(shù)學(xué)模型描述了各個部件,如陳列柜,蒸發(fā)器等；在此基礎(chǔ)上,闡述了一般制冷系統(tǒng)simulink模型的建立方法,搭建了超市制冷系統(tǒng)仿真平臺,其中包括GUI交互界面,超市制冷系統(tǒng)的模型以及相應(yīng)的性能評價指標(biāo)。性能評價指標(biāo)分別衡量了存儲質(zhì)量、壓縮機使用壽命和壓縮機能耗三個方面。另外,該仿真平臺可以根據(jù)需要調(diào)整陳列柜和壓縮機的個數(shù),可以擴(kuò)展到大型制冷系統(tǒng)中。 其次,為了驗證系統(tǒng)在同步前后相應(yīng)的性能指標(biāo)的變化,本文在建立起來的仿真平臺中應(yīng)用了兩種低復(fù)雜度解同步算法,以小型制冷系統(tǒng)為例,通過系統(tǒng)仿真,證明了系統(tǒng)在解同步后的工況要好于系統(tǒng)同步時的工況。在此基礎(chǔ)上,把這兩種方法擴(kuò)展到大型的制冷系統(tǒng)中去,結(jié)果表明這兩種方法對大型制冷系統(tǒng)解同步也是有效的,驗證了這兩種方法的解同步能力。 最后,本文在對整個制冷系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行分析后,通過總結(jié)前人的研究,用分岔分析證明了制冷系統(tǒng)的環(huán)境負(fù)載是影響系統(tǒng)陳列柜溫度變化的重要因素；利用搭建的仿真平臺,驗證了其改善系統(tǒng)性能指標(biāo)的有效性；在大型制冷系統(tǒng)模型中的仿真,同樣也證明了該方法對大型制冷系統(tǒng)解同步有效性。
[Abstract]:How to improve the utilization rate of equipment and prolong the service life of equipment has become an increasingly important issue in the construction of a conservation-oriented society. Supermarket Refrigeration system undertakes most of the retail tasks of cold chain terminals, widely distributed and numerous in quantity. Supermarket refrigeration system is mainly composed of compressor unit, condenser unit and several independent display cabinets. The temperature controller in each display cabinet usually adopts hysteresis control. In practice, it is found that these hysteretic control operations tend to be consistent, resulting in the system suction pressure fluctuating in a wide range, the corresponding valves and compressor units switching frequently, this is the synchronization phenomenon. The synchronous phenomenon not only increases the load of the compressor unit and reduces its service life, but also increases the energy consumption of the system. Therefore, on the basis of ensuring the quality of food storage, solving the problem of system synchronization is of positive significance in prolonging the service life of refrigeration system and improving energy utilization efficiency. The main contents of this paper are as follows: firstly, this paper introduces the refrigeration principle of the general refrigeration system, and starts with the structure of the refrigeration system in the supermarket, describes each component with mathematical model, such as display cabinets, evaporators, etc. The method of establishing simulink model of general refrigeration system is introduced, and the simulation platform of supermarket refrigeration system is built, which includes the interactive interface of GUI, the model of supermarket refrigeration system and the corresponding performance evaluation index. Performance evaluation measures storage quality, compressor service life and compressor energy consumption. In addition, the simulation platform can adjust the number of display cabinets and compressors according to the need, and can be extended to large-scale refrigeration system. Secondly, in order to verify the change of the corresponding performance index before and after synchronization, two low complexity desynchronization algorithms are applied in the simulation platform. It is proved that the working condition of the system after desynchronization is better than that when the system synchronizes. On this basis, the two methods are extended to the large-scale refrigeration system. The results show that the two methods are also effective for the desynchronization of the large-scale refrigeration system, and verify the ability of the two methods to de-synchronize. Finally, after analyzing the whole refrigeration system, through summarizing the previous research, the paper proves that the environmental load of the refrigeration system is an important factor affecting the temperature change of the display cabinet, and the simulation platform is built. The effectiveness of the improved system performance index is verified, and the simulation in the large-scale refrigeration system model also proves the effectiveness of the method for large-scale refrigeration system desynchronization.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東華大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TB657;TP273

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