【摘要】：動力吸振器由于結(jié)構(gòu)簡單、性能穩(wěn)定、經(jīng)濟(jì)性好，在機(jī)械系統(tǒng)、工程結(jié)構(gòu)、橋梁及建筑等振動控制領(lǐng)域中得到了一定應(yīng)用。然而傳統(tǒng)動力吸振器只有當(dāng)固有頻率等于激振頻率時(shí)，減振效果才明顯，不適用于寬頻減振。針對上述問題，近年來許多學(xué)者對自適應(yīng)動力吸振器進(jìn)行了廣泛研究。自適應(yīng)動力吸振器通過調(diào)整自身結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)改變固有頻率以追蹤外界激振頻率，可以有效拓寬吸振器減振頻帶，克服了傳統(tǒng)動力吸振器的缺點(diǎn)。磁流變彈性體（MRE）是一種新型智能材料，，其典型特征是剪切模量可控。本論文研究了一種基于磁流變彈性體的自適應(yīng)動力吸振器，通過調(diào)節(jié)磁場強(qiáng)度來改變其剛度，可以在較寬頻帶內(nèi)抑制主系統(tǒng)振動。 本論文研究內(nèi)容如下： （1）通過對吸振器主系統(tǒng)構(gòu)成的二自由度系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行動力學(xué)建模及分析，研究了動力吸振器工作原理。利用MATLAB/Simulink分析了結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)對吸振器減振效果的影響，并研究了吸振器設(shè)計(jì)理論和結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)優(yōu)化理論。 （2）介紹了MRE研究現(xiàn)狀、組成原料、制備過程和結(jié)構(gòu)特征等。討論了基體材料、磁性顆粒和添加劑等對彈性體磁流變效應(yīng)的影響，并分析了磁流變彈性體的剪切模量和應(yīng)力應(yīng)變之間的關(guān)系。 （3）依據(jù)磁流變彈性體各向同性、各向異性以及工作模式的特點(diǎn)，確定本論文采用流體狀態(tài)制備工藝制備各向異性磁流變彈性體，并以磁流變彈性的剪切模式完成了自適應(yīng)動力吸振器的設(shè)計(jì)。 （4）基于MATLAB/Simulink建立了動力吸振器仿真模型，分別在頻域和時(shí)域?qū)ξ衿鳒p振性能進(jìn)行了分析。利用設(shè)計(jì)的MRE自適應(yīng)動力吸振器，搭建實(shí)驗(yàn)臺進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)研究。實(shí)驗(yàn)中，通過控制電流以改變磁場大小，進(jìn)而改變吸振器剛度，實(shí)現(xiàn)對吸振器固有頻率的調(diào)節(jié)。做出了在不同電流下主系統(tǒng)振動的頻域和時(shí)域響應(yīng)。通過對響應(yīng)的分析，證明了所設(shè)計(jì)的吸振器拓寬了減振頻帶，達(dá)到了預(yù)期設(shè)計(jì)的目的。
[Abstract]:Because of its simple structure, stable performance and good economy, the dynamic vibration absorber has been applied in mechanical systems, engineering structures, bridges and buildings. However, the traditional dynamic vibration absorber only when the natural frequency is equal to the exciting frequency, the effect of vibration absorption is obvious, so it is not suitable for broadband vibration reduction. In view of the above problems, many scholars have carried out extensive research on adaptive dynamic vibration absorbers in recent years. The adaptive dynamic vibration absorber can effectively widen the frequency band of vibration absorber by adjusting its structural parameters to change the natural frequency to track the external excitation frequency and overcome the shortcomings of the traditional dynamic vibration absorber. Magnetorheological elastomer (MRE) is a new type of smart material, which is characterized by controllable shear modulus. In this paper, an adaptive dynamic vibration absorber based on magnetorheological elastomer is studied. By adjusting the intensity of magnetic field to change its stiffness, the vibration of the main system can be restrained in a wide band. The main contents of this thesis are as follows: (1) the working principle of the dynamic vibration absorber is studied by dynamic modeling and analysis of the two-degree-of-freedom system composed of the main system of the vibration absorber. The influence of structure parameters on vibration absorber is analyzed by MATLAB/Simulink, and the design theory and optimization theory of structure parameters are studied. (2) the research status of MRE, composition of raw materials, preparation process and structural characteristics are introduced. The effects of matrix materials, magnetic particles and additives on the magneto-rheological effect of elastomer are discussed, and the relationship between shear modulus and stress strain of magneto-rheological elastomer is analyzed. (3) according to the isotropy of magneto-rheological elastomer, The anisotropy and the characteristics of the working mode are determined in this paper to prepare the anisotropic magneto-rheological elastomer by using the fluid state preparation process. The design of adaptive dynamic vibration absorber is completed with the shear mode of magnetorheological elasticity. (4) the simulation model of dynamic vibration absorber based on MATLAB/Simulink is established, and the performance of vibration absorber is analyzed in frequency domain and time domain respectively. Using the designed MRE adaptive dynamic vibration absorber, the experimental platform is built for experimental research. In the experiment, the natural frequency of the absorber can be adjusted by controlling the current to change the magnetic field and then changing the stiffness of the absorber. The frequency and time domain responses of the main system vibration at different currents are obtained. Through the analysis of the response, it is proved that the designed vibration absorber widens the frequency band of vibration absorption and achieves the purpose of expected design.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TB535.1

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本文編號：2214659