基于擴(kuò)散吸收式制冷的文物展柜恒濕環(huán)境控制研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-16 15:45
【摘要】：隨著國(guó)家對(duì)文物保護(hù)事業(yè)的日益重視以及空氣調(diào)節(jié)技術(shù)、控制技術(shù)的漸趨成熟,為了使珍貴的文物得到更好的保護(hù),大量館藏文物的保存環(huán)境亟需改善。影響文物能否長(zhǎng)久保存的主要環(huán)境因素有相對(duì)濕度、溫度、光照強(qiáng)度和有害氣體濃度等,其中的相對(duì)濕度是最基本、最重要的因素,因此為文物提供恒濕的保存環(huán)境至關(guān)重要。對(duì)于博物館中的小型獨(dú)立展柜,其有體積較小、分布靈活、可移動(dòng)的特點(diǎn),故不宜采用大型集中式空氣處理機(jī)組控制相對(duì)濕度。目前,國(guó)內(nèi)外不少文物保護(hù)機(jī)構(gòu)已專門為小型獨(dú)立展柜研制出了主動(dòng)式恒濕環(huán)境控制設(shè)備,其中絕大多數(shù)是基于半導(dǎo)體制冷,該種設(shè)備具有工作無噪音、占空間小的優(yōu)點(diǎn),但存在冷量低、易結(jié)垢的缺點(diǎn)。針對(duì)此缺點(diǎn)并兼顧其優(yōu)點(diǎn),為研制出一種適用于小型獨(dú)立展柜的新型恒濕環(huán)境控制系統(tǒng),本文主要開展了以下三方面工作:(1)為了滿足博物館對(duì)安靜環(huán)境的要求,采用具有工作穩(wěn)定、運(yùn)行無噪音等優(yōu)點(diǎn)的擴(kuò)散吸收式制冷機(jī)作冷源,利用PLC模塊作為控制器。將蒸發(fā)管置于水中,依據(jù)空氣與不同溫度的水面直接接觸時(shí)有不同的狀態(tài)變化過程原理,把加濕、除濕過程結(jié)合在一起,通過控制水溫來間接控制濕度,成功設(shè)計(jì)了一種結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊的濕度控制系統(tǒng)。(2)為了確定控制風(fēng)機(jī)的方式,最佳的發(fā)生器加熱功率以及恰當(dāng)?shù)腜LC控制方法首先開展了初步實(shí)驗(yàn),依據(jù)實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果得出控制風(fēng)機(jī)的最佳方法為當(dāng)達(dá)到程序設(shè)定命令時(shí)使其保持常開,最佳的加熱功率范圍為37W-80W,PLC宜采用PID模擬量輸出控制。接著對(duì)展柜內(nèi)相對(duì)濕度控制開展了實(shí)驗(yàn)研究,實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明該濕度控制系統(tǒng)可使展柜內(nèi)相對(duì)濕度在45%～65%之間連續(xù)可調(diào)并保持恒濕狀態(tài),控制偏差均在允許范圍內(nèi),最大控制偏差在士1.25%以內(nèi),完全滿足不同文物保存時(shí)對(duì)濕度環(huán)境差異性的要求。(3)為了研究提高空氣與水直接接觸時(shí)的熱濕交換效率的方法,以加快濕度控制系統(tǒng)的動(dòng)態(tài)響應(yīng),完善濕度控制系統(tǒng)的性能,借助數(shù)值模擬的方法對(duì)其進(jìn)行了探究。在深入分析了直接接觸式傳熱傳質(zhì)機(jī)理的基礎(chǔ)上建立了簡(jiǎn)化的CFD模型,采用ANSYS Fluent對(duì)簡(jiǎn)化的模型在穩(wěn)態(tài)工況下的傳熱傳質(zhì)進(jìn)行了數(shù)值計(jì)算,并將計(jì)算結(jié)果同實(shí)驗(yàn)值和關(guān)聯(lián)式進(jìn)行了對(duì)比驗(yàn)證,結(jié)果證實(shí)了簡(jiǎn)化模型的合理性與有效性。利用該模型對(duì)三種不同結(jié)構(gòu)水箱中的空氣處理過程進(jìn)行了數(shù)值模擬分析,結(jié)果顯示采用上送上回的空氣處理方式具有最高的傳熱傳質(zhì)效率,為優(yōu)化空氣處理過程提供了指導(dǎo)方向。
[Abstract]:With the increasing attention paid by the state to the protection of cultural relics and the development of air conditioning technology and control technology, in order to better protect the precious cultural relics, the preservation environment of a large number of cultural relics is in urgent need of improvement. The main environmental factors affecting the preservation of cultural relics for a long time are relative humidity, temperature, intensity of light and concentration of harmful gases, among which the relative humidity is the most basic and important factor, so it is very important to provide a constant humidity environment for cultural relics. For the small independent display cabinets in the museum, they have the characteristics of small volume, flexible distribution and movable, so it is not suitable to use a large centralized air treatment unit to control relative humidity. At present, many cultural relics conservation organizations at home and abroad have specially developed active constant humidity environment control equipment for small independent display cabinets, most of which are based on semiconductor refrigeration. This kind of equipment has the advantages of no noise at work and small space. But has the cold quantity low, easy to form the scale the shortcoming. Aiming at this shortcoming and taking into account its advantages, in order to develop a new type of constant humidity environment control system suitable for small independent display cabinets, this paper mainly carried out the following three aspects of work: (1) in order to meet the requirements of the museum for the quiet environment, The diffusive absorption chiller which has the advantages of stable operation and no noise is used as the cold source and PLC module is used as the controller. The evaporation pipe is placed in water. According to the principle of different state change process when air is in direct contact with the water surface at different temperature, the humidification and dehumidification process are combined together, and the humidity is indirectly controlled by controlling the water temperature. A compact humidity control system is successfully designed. (2) in order to determine the control mode of the fan, the optimal heating power of the generator and the proper PLC control method are first carried out preliminary experiments. According to the experimental results, the best way to control the fan is to keep it on when the program set command is reached, and the optimal heating power range is 37W-80WN PLC, which should be controlled by pid analog output. The experimental results show that the relative humidity in the display cabinet can be adjusted continuously between 45% and 65%, and the control deviation is within the allowable range, and the relative humidity control in the display cabinet has been studied experimentally, and the experimental results show that the relative humidity in the display cabinet can be adjusted continuously between 45% and 65%, and the control deviation is within the allowable range. The maximum control deviation is less than 1.25%, which fully meets the requirement of the difference of humidity environment when different cultural relics are preserved. (3) in order to study the method to improve the efficiency of heat and humidity exchange when air and water are in direct contact, the dynamic response of humidity control system is accelerated. Improve the performance of humidity control system, with the help of numerical simulation method to explore it. A simplified CFD model is established on the basis of analyzing the mechanism of direct contact heat and mass transfer, and the numerical calculation of heat and mass transfer of the simplified model under steady condition is carried out by using ANSYS fluent. The calculated results are compared with the experimental data and the correlation formula. The results show that the simplified model is reasonable and effective. The model is used to simulate the air treatment process in three kinds of water tanks with different structures. The results show that the air treatment with upward return has the highest heat and mass transfer efficiency. It provides guidance for optimizing air treatment process.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TB65
[Abstract]:With the increasing attention paid by the state to the protection of cultural relics and the development of air conditioning technology and control technology, in order to better protect the precious cultural relics, the preservation environment of a large number of cultural relics is in urgent need of improvement. The main environmental factors affecting the preservation of cultural relics for a long time are relative humidity, temperature, intensity of light and concentration of harmful gases, among which the relative humidity is the most basic and important factor, so it is very important to provide a constant humidity environment for cultural relics. For the small independent display cabinets in the museum, they have the characteristics of small volume, flexible distribution and movable, so it is not suitable to use a large centralized air treatment unit to control relative humidity. At present, many cultural relics conservation organizations at home and abroad have specially developed active constant humidity environment control equipment for small independent display cabinets, most of which are based on semiconductor refrigeration. This kind of equipment has the advantages of no noise at work and small space. But has the cold quantity low, easy to form the scale the shortcoming. Aiming at this shortcoming and taking into account its advantages, in order to develop a new type of constant humidity environment control system suitable for small independent display cabinets, this paper mainly carried out the following three aspects of work: (1) in order to meet the requirements of the museum for the quiet environment, The diffusive absorption chiller which has the advantages of stable operation and no noise is used as the cold source and PLC module is used as the controller. The evaporation pipe is placed in water. According to the principle of different state change process when air is in direct contact with the water surface at different temperature, the humidification and dehumidification process are combined together, and the humidity is indirectly controlled by controlling the water temperature. A compact humidity control system is successfully designed. (2) in order to determine the control mode of the fan, the optimal heating power of the generator and the proper PLC control method are first carried out preliminary experiments. According to the experimental results, the best way to control the fan is to keep it on when the program set command is reached, and the optimal heating power range is 37W-80WN PLC, which should be controlled by pid analog output. The experimental results show that the relative humidity in the display cabinet can be adjusted continuously between 45% and 65%, and the control deviation is within the allowable range, and the relative humidity control in the display cabinet has been studied experimentally, and the experimental results show that the relative humidity in the display cabinet can be adjusted continuously between 45% and 65%, and the control deviation is within the allowable range. The maximum control deviation is less than 1.25%, which fully meets the requirement of the difference of humidity environment when different cultural relics are preserved. (3) in order to study the method to improve the efficiency of heat and humidity exchange when air and water are in direct contact, the dynamic response of humidity control system is accelerated. Improve the performance of humidity control system, with the help of numerical simulation method to explore it. A simplified CFD model is established on the basis of analyzing the mechanism of direct contact heat and mass transfer, and the numerical calculation of heat and mass transfer of the simplified model under steady condition is carried out by using ANSYS fluent. The calculated results are compared with the experimental data and the correlation formula. The results show that the simplified model is reasonable and effective. The model is used to simulate the air treatment process in three kinds of water tanks with different structures. The results show that the air treatment with upward return has the highest heat and mass transfer efficiency. It provides guidance for optimizing air treatment process.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TB65
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條
1 王恒旭;張學(xué)軍;鄭幼明;段兵兵;;擴(kuò)散吸收式恒濕文物展柜實(shí)驗(yàn)研究[J];低溫工程;2016年01期
2 張學(xué)軍;鄭幼明;王恒旭;孫大明;李s，
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