本文選題：混合制冷劑 + 粘度　； 參考：《浙江大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：制冷空調(diào)技術(shù)在過去近一百年時間里為人類提供了舒適的生活環(huán)境與必要的生產(chǎn)條件。然而,由于該領(lǐng)域在過去長期使用對臭氧層具有分解能力(ODP)的含氯鹵化烴類物質(zhì)作為制冷劑,使地球的臭氧層遭受了嚴重破壞。另一個嚴重的問題是傳統(tǒng)的制冷劑具有較高的GWP(Global Warming Potential)值。目前,世界各國都在積極尋找新型替代制冷劑�；旌现评鋭┨娲桨甘侵评鋭┨娲难芯繜狳c之一。 制冷劑的替代過程嚴格而謹慎,需要對與制冷劑相關(guān)的各方面進行大量而全面的測試,才能很好地評估其是否替代滿足要求。粘度是制冷系統(tǒng)設(shè)計和優(yōu)化中十分重要的物性參數(shù)。然而,文獻調(diào)研發(fā)現(xiàn),針對新型環(huán)�；旌现评鋭┱扯鹊膶嶒炑芯渴秩狈�。因此,需要對新型環(huán)�；旌现评鋭┑恼扯忍匦赃M行實驗研究,以便為制冷劑的替代提供可靠的物性數(shù)據(jù)。 本文的主要工作是：針對混合制冷劑等揮發(fā)性混合物粘度測量的需要,研制了一種新的適用于測量低沸點混合物粘度的旋轉(zhuǎn)式毛細管粘度計。該新型粘度測量裝置在壓力容器內(nèi)嵌入旋轉(zhuǎn)式毛細管粘度計,將旋轉(zhuǎn)法升液和壓力容器承壓結(jié)合起來,避免了傳統(tǒng)密封型毛細管粘度計由于抽放氣的升液方式而導(dǎo)致混合物成分的變化,可以在很高壓力下循環(huán)測量揮發(fā)性混合物溶液的粘度。采用HFC-22對旋轉(zhuǎn)式毛細管粘度計進行了標定,并用HFO-1234yf對粘度計的測量精度和性能進行了評價,HFO-1234yf粘度測量值與文獻值最大相對偏差為-1.62%,平均絕對偏差為1.11%。利用粘度測量裝置對溫度范圍為278.15～333.15K的HFC-22+HFC-134a(0.7+0.3,摩爾比)的飽和液相粘度進行了實驗測量,粘度測量值與文獻值最大相對偏差為-1.97%,平均絕對偏差為1.33%,進一步驗證了本文研制的實驗裝置可用于測量混合制冷劑粘度。在溫度范圍為278.15～278.15K,測量了HFC-134a+HFO-1234yf (0.5+0.5,摩爾比)、HFO-1234yf+HFC-152a(0.81+0.19,摩爾比)、HFC-134a+HFC-152a (0.29+0.71,摩爾比)的飽和液相粘度,采用改進型Andrade液體粘度關(guān)聯(lián)式、自然對數(shù)模型、硬球模型、自由體積模型和局部濃度法,對所測得的三種混合制冷劑的飽和液相粘度實驗數(shù)據(jù)進行了關(guān)聯(lián)。
[Abstract]:Refrigeration and air conditioning technology has provided people with comfortable living environment and necessary production conditions in the past 100 years. However, because of the long-term use of chlorinated halogenated hydrocarbons (ODP) as refrigerants in this field, the ozone layer of the earth has been seriously damaged. Another serious problem is that traditional refrigerants have a high GWP (Global warming potential) value. At present, countries all over the world are actively looking for new alternative refrigerants. Mixed refrigerant substitution is one of the hot research topics in refrigerant substitution. The process of refrigerant substitution is strict and careful. It is necessary to conduct a large number of comprehensive tests on all aspects related to the refrigerant in order to evaluate whether the substitution meets the requirements. Viscosity is a very important physical parameter in the design and optimization of refrigeration system. However, literature investigation shows that the experimental study on the viscosity of new environmental-friendly refrigerants is very scarce. Therefore, it is necessary to study the viscosity characteristics of new environmental friendly refrigerants in order to provide reliable physical data for refrigerant substitution. The main work of this paper is to develop a new rotary capillary viscometer for measuring the viscosity of volatile mixtures such as mixed refrigerants. A rotary capillary viscometer is embedded in the pressure vessel to combine the rotary liquid lift with the pressure bearing of the pressure vessel. The traditional sealed capillary viscometer can be used to measure the viscosity of the volatile mixture under high pressure by avoiding the change of the composition of the mixture caused by the way of exhalation. The rotary capillary viscometer was calibrated with HFC-22. The measuring accuracy and performance of the viscometer were evaluated by HFO-1234yf. The maximum relative deviation between the measured value and the reference value was -1.62and the average absolute deviation was 1.11. The saturated liquid viscosity of HFC-22 HFC-134a (0.7 0.3 mole ratio) at 278.15K was measured experimentally by using a viscosity measuring apparatus. The maximum relative deviation between the viscosity measurement value and the reference value is -1.97 and the average absolute deviation is 1.33. It is further verified that the experimental device developed in this paper can be used to measure the viscosity of mixed refrigerant. The saturated liquid viscosity of HFC-134a HFO-1234yf (0.5 0.5, molar ratio) HFC-1234yf (0.81 0.19, molar ratio) / HFC-134a HFC-152a (0.290.71, molar ratio) was measured in the temperature range of 278.15K. The modified Andrade liquid viscosity correlation formula, natural logarithmic model, hard sphere model, Free volume model and local concentration method are used to correlate the experimental data of saturated liquid viscosity of three refrigerants.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TB64

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