太陽能空調控制系統(tǒng)設計
發(fā)布時間:2018-06-30 03:44
本文選題:太陽能制冷 + 太陽跟蹤控制; 參考:《湖南大學》2014年碩士論文
【摘要】:能源是人類生存的基礎,當前人類正面臨著石油和煤炭等常規(guī)礦物燃料枯竭的嚴重威脅。與此同時,我國的建筑能耗占社會總能耗25%以上,而在建筑能耗中,空調能耗占到50%以上,并且建筑物空調的需求量呈逐年上升趨勢,給能源、電力和環(huán)境帶來很大的壓力。世界各地都在加緊對新能源和高效空調技術的研究。太陽能技術和吸收式制冷技術已單獨使用近半個世紀,隨著材料、工質、工藝制造及設計理念的不斷改進、特別是自動化控制技術突飛猛進的發(fā)展,產生了采用太陽能熱水驅動吸收式制冷機提供建筑制冷的技術,既提高整個系統(tǒng)的運行效率和投資回報率,也減少了溫室氣體排放。 本文采用的太陽能集熱器為拋物面聚焦型集熱器,熱水設計溫度為180℃,,屬于可驅動雙效吸收式制冷機高品位熱源,制冷機的綜合能源利用效率達到1.3以上。為提高太陽能空調系統(tǒng)的綜合利用效率,必須解決太陽能集熱器控制系統(tǒng)存在的跟蹤精度、聚光效率、輻射強度變化的問題,以及對其產生高溫熱水的使用和安全保護機制。 本文對太陽能集熱器和溴化鋰吸收式制冷機的工作原理進行進行了詳細的描述和分析;提出了以太陽能熱水為主熱源,燃氣燃燒機為輔助熱源的雙熱源吸收式制冷機的設計和控制方案,在太陽能不足或夜晚時,采用雙熱源吸收式制冷機,確保制冷機能全天候持續(xù)不間斷穩(wěn)定運行。根據對槽式太陽能集熱器的跟蹤運行特性分析,提出了視日運行軌跡對太陽計算粗跟蹤與光電檢測精確跟蹤相結合的自動跟蹤方案,有效地解決由太陽能聚焦不準確而導致效率下降的問題,使集熱板能快速準確的找到太陽焦點位置,并實時修正,確保跟蹤精度。通過對太陽能空調系統(tǒng)的設計和實現(xiàn),闡述了控制系統(tǒng)軟硬件組成和特點,對控制系統(tǒng)操作界面及相關重要的控制和保護參數(shù)進行了詳細說明。 目前本文研究的控制系統(tǒng)已成功應用于遠大集團的太陽能制冷產品,系統(tǒng)達到設計要求,產品已銷售到國內多個省市和國外市場。
[Abstract]:Energy is the basis of human survival. At present, mankind is facing a serious threat of depletion of conventional fossil fuels such as oil and coal. At the same time, the building energy consumption in our country accounts for more than 25% of the total energy consumption of the society, but in the building energy consumption, the air conditioning energy consumption accounts for more than 50%, and the demand for building air conditioning is increasing year by year, which brings great pressure to energy, electricity and environment. Research on new energy sources and efficient air-conditioning technologies is being stepped up around the world. Solar energy technology and absorption refrigeration technology have been used alone for nearly half a century. With the continuous improvement of materials, working fluids, process manufacturing and design concepts, especially the rapid development of automatic control technology, The solar hot water driven absorption refrigerator is used to provide building refrigeration, which not only improves the operating efficiency and return on investment of the whole system, but also reduces the greenhouse gas emission. The solar collector used in this paper is a parabolic focused collector, and the design temperature of hot water is 180 鈩
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