發(fā)布時間：2018-06-19 01:55

  本文選題：超聲導波管道內(nèi)檢測 + 能量衰減��； 參考：《沈陽工業(yè)大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：服役油氣輸送管道常采取外敷防腐層的方式對其進行保護。防腐層在土壤中易受到多種原因造成的腐蝕,發(fā)生破損,失去保護作用,從而造成管道的斷裂,甚至發(fā)生爆炸等危險,繼而造成能源的浪費、經(jīng)濟損失、危害人身、財產(chǎn)安全等重大隱患。目前,國際上主要采用外檢測的方法對防腐層缺陷進行檢測,這些方法均是給管道加激勵信號,人工在管道沿線上方進行測試,這需要大量的人力、時間,并受地形和天氣等自然條件限制。采用超聲導波進行管道內(nèi)檢測防腐層缺陷的方法,避免了自然環(huán)境對檢測的限制,節(jié)省了人力、物力。針對管道內(nèi)檢測防腐層缺陷的問題,本文研究了超聲導波在單層鋼板和敷有完好防腐層的雙層板中傳播時的傳播方式、路徑和回波信號的能量、波包獨立性等參數(shù)之間的差異。對超聲導波在固體介質(zhì)中傳播時的能量衰減、臨界角和波形轉(zhuǎn)換等特性進行了分析研究。以超聲導波在固體介質(zhì)中傳播時的位移場和應(yīng)力場為基礎(chǔ),結(jié)合雙層固體介質(zhì)層間交界面處的銜接條件,推導了超聲導波在層間界面處的反射、折射系數(shù)。采用三種不同中心頻率、三種不同K值的九組壓電超聲斜探頭對防腐層完全剝離的單層板和防腐層完好的雙層板結(jié)構(gòu)進行檢測,對回波信號的峰峰值、波包獨立性、能量均值和峰值比例系數(shù)進行了分析,提出了一種適用于管道內(nèi)檢測防腐層剝離的壓電超聲斜探頭選取方法。基于該探頭選取方法,選擇5MHz、K1的壓電超聲斜探頭對帶有防腐層剝離的鋼板進行檢測,采用最大臨界值缺陷識別法對防腐層剝離進行量化和定位。實驗研究,結(jié)果表明:在收發(fā)探頭間距一定時,超聲導波回波信號的能量隨探頭中心頻率的增加而減小,隨探頭K值的減小而增大;超聲導波在防腐層完全剝離的單層板中傳播時接收到的回波信號能量要大于其在防腐層完好的雙層板中傳播時檢測到的回波信號能量。針對本實驗的被檢對象,采用5MHz、K1壓電超聲斜探頭進行檢測時,其回波信號不僅波包獨立性好,峰值比例系數(shù)也最大,對于判斷防腐層是否存在剝離缺陷,是最佳的檢測條件。采用最大臨界值法對防腐層剝離進行量化和定位,精度隨防腐層剝離長度的增加而提高。為采用超聲導波進行管道內(nèi)檢測防腐層剝離缺陷的工程化實現(xiàn)提供了依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:In service oil and gas transportation pipelines are often protected by external anticorrosive coating. The anticorrosive coating is easy to be corroded by many reasons in the soil, resulting in breakage and loss of protection, resulting in the breakage of pipelines, even explosion and other dangers, resulting in waste of energy, economic losses, and endangering human beings. Property safety and other major hidden dangers. At present, the international inspection methods are mainly used to detect the defects of anticorrosive coating. These methods are all to add the excitation signal to the pipeline and manually test it above the pipeline, which requires a lot of manpower and time. And subject to terrain and weather and other natural conditions. Ultrasonic guided wave is used to detect the defects of anticorrosive coating in pipeline, which avoids the limitation of natural environment and saves manpower and material resources. In order to detect the defects of anticorrosive coating in pipeline, the difference of ultrasonic guided wave propagation mode, the energy of path and echo signal, and the independence of wave packet in single layer steel plate and double layer plate with intact anticorrosive coating are studied in this paper. The energy attenuation, critical angle and waveform conversion of ultrasonic guided waves propagating in solid media are studied. Based on the displacement field and stress field of ultrasonic guided waves propagating in solid media, the reflection and refraction coefficients of ultrasonic guided waves at interlaminar interfaces are derived. Nine groups of piezoelectric ultrasonic oblique probes with three different central frequencies and three different K values were used to detect the single layer plate completely stripped of the anticorrosive coating and the double layer plate structure with intact anticorrosive coating. The peak value of the echo signal and the independence of the wave packet were measured. The energy mean value and peak ratio coefficient are analyzed, and a method of selecting piezoelectric ultrasonic oblique probe suitable for detecting anticorrosive coating exfoliation in pipeline is proposed. Based on the method of selecting the probe, the piezoelectric ultrasonic oblique probe of 5MHz K1 is selected to detect the steel plate with anticorrosive coating peeling, and the maximum critical value defect identification method is used to quantify and locate the anti-corrosion coating peeling. The experimental results show that the energy of ultrasonic guided echo signal decreases with the increase of the central frequency of the probe and increases with the decrease of the K value of the probe when the distance between the transceiver and the transceiver is constant. The echo energy of ultrasonic guided wave propagating in the single layer plate which is completely stripped of the anticorrosion layer is higher than that detected in the propagation of the ultrasonic guided wave in the anti-corrosion layer in the intact double-layer plate. For the subject of this experiment, the echo signal is not only independent of the wave packet, but also has the largest peak ratio coefficient when the 5MHz K1 piezoelectric ultrasonic oblique probe is used to detect the anti-corrosion coating, which is the best detection condition for judging whether the anti-corrosion coating has peeling defect or not. The maximum critical value method is used to quantify and locate the exfoliation of the anticorrosive coating, and the precision increases with the increase of the peeling length of the anticorrosive coating. It provides the basis for the engineering realization of detecting the anti-corrosion coating peeling defect in pipeline by ultrasonic guided wave.
【學位授予單位】：沈陽工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TB553

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本文編號：2037824