本文選題：壓縮空氣儲能 + 活塞式膨脹機(jī)　； 參考：《中國科學(xué)院研究生院（工程熱物理研究所）》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：儲能技術(shù)是能源領(lǐng)域的研發(fā)熱點(diǎn)。其中,壓縮空氣儲能技術(shù)(CAES)具有功率范圍廣、壽命長、存儲時間不受限制、環(huán)境友好等優(yōu)點(diǎn),已經(jīng)成為當(dāng)前儲能技術(shù)的重要研究方向。 壓縮空氣儲能系統(tǒng)主要分為儲能和釋能兩個子系統(tǒng),作為釋能子系統(tǒng)的關(guān)鍵部件,多級膨脹機(jī)的工作特性直接影響儲能系統(tǒng)出功及效率的高低。按照結(jié)構(gòu)形式的不同,多級膨脹機(jī)可以分為容積式和透平式兩種。在容積式膨脹機(jī)中,單閥活塞膨脹機(jī)具有結(jié)構(gòu)簡單、壓比高、易于調(diào)節(jié)控制等優(yōu)點(diǎn),尤其適用于微小型壓縮空氣儲能系統(tǒng)。本文通過數(shù)值模擬分析和實驗研究方法,研究了單閥膨脹機(jī)的熱力學(xué)特性,以及膨脹機(jī)的內(nèi)部流場,并分析各種結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)與運(yùn)行參數(shù)對膨脹機(jī)系統(tǒng)性能的影響規(guī)律。主要研究內(nèi)容包括： 1.根據(jù)單閥膨脹機(jī)的理論循環(huán)特性,結(jié)合小型超臨界壓縮空氣儲能系統(tǒng)的要求,對其進(jìn)行了熱力設(shè)計及過程模擬,分析了缸內(nèi)狀態(tài)參數(shù)隨曲軸轉(zhuǎn)角的變化規(guī)律及不同結(jié)構(gòu)、運(yùn)行參數(shù)對膨脹機(jī)整體性能的影響。 2.對單閥膨脹機(jī)氣缸內(nèi)部流場結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了數(shù)值模擬,研究了缸內(nèi)特性參數(shù)隨曲軸轉(zhuǎn)角的變化規(guī)律,得到了不同曲軸轉(zhuǎn)角時的流動細(xì)節(jié)及其內(nèi)部流動損失機(jī)理,為開展膨脹機(jī)氣缸優(yōu)化設(shè)計提供了理論依據(jù)。 3.研究了單閥膨脹機(jī)配氣機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計方法,提出進(jìn)氣閥運(yùn)動控制方法并完成配氣機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計；改進(jìn)了膨脹機(jī)飛輪設(shè)計方法,改進(jìn)后的設(shè)計方法能夠更加精確、高效地計算飛輪矩。 4.搭建單閥膨脹機(jī)實驗臺并開展實驗研究,測試得到其實際工作特性,討論其特性參數(shù)隨轉(zhuǎn)速的變化規(guī)律。同時將實驗結(jié)果與理論分析結(jié)果進(jìn)行對比,在驗證數(shù)值分析方法的同時為更深入的理論與實驗研究提供參考和依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Energy storage technology is the research and development hotspot in the field of energy. Among them, compressed air energy storage technology (CAESs) has the advantages of wide power range, long life, unlimited storage time, environmental friendliness, etc. Compressed air energy storage system is mainly divided into two subsystems, energy storage and energy release, as the key components of energy release subsystem. The working characteristics of multistage expander directly affect the power output and efficiency of energy storage system. According to the different structure, multistage expander can be divided into two types: volume type and turbine type. In the volumetric expander, the single valve piston expander has the advantages of simple structure, high pressure ratio, easy to adjust and control, etc. It is especially suitable for micro compressed air energy storage system. In this paper, the thermodynamic characteristics of the single valve expander and the internal flow field of the expander are studied by means of numerical simulation and experimental study. The influence of various structural parameters and operation parameters on the performance of the expander system is analyzed. The main contents are as follows: 1. According to the theoretical cycle characteristics of single valve expander and the requirements of small supercritical compressed air energy storage system, the thermodynamic design and process simulation are carried out, and the variation law and different structure of state parameters in cylinder with crankshaft rotation angle are analyzed. Operation parameters on the overall performance of the expander. 2. The flow field structure in the cylinder of a single valve expander is numerically simulated. The variation of the characteristic parameters with the crankshaft rotation angle is studied. The flow details and the internal flow loss mechanism of different crankshaft rotation angles are obtained. It provides a theoretical basis for the optimal design of the expander cylinder. The design method of valve distribution mechanism of single valve expander is studied, the control method of inlet valve motion and the design of valve distribution mechanism are put forward, and the design method of flywheel is improved. The improved design method can calculate flywheel moment more accurately and efficiently. The experimental platform of single valve expander was set up and the experimental study was carried out. The actual working characteristics were obtained and the variation law of characteristic parameters with rotating speed was discussed. At the same time, the experimental results are compared with the theoretical analysis results, which provides a reference and basis for further theoretical and experimental research while validating the numerical analysis method.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國科學(xué)院研究生院（工程熱物理研究所）
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TB653

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