本文選題：隔振 + 液固混合介質(zhì)��； 參考：《南京航空航天大學》2014年博士論文

【摘要】：波紋管式液固混合介質(zhì)隔振器是一類主要用于低頻重載動力機械隔振的非線性隔振裝置,由波紋管彈性單元體和油液工作介質(zhì)混合密封于多層波紋管容器組成。目前,在隔振工程領域,低頻重載隔振仍是研究難點與焦點問題之一,現(xiàn)有被動隔振技術主要在承載能力、低頻隔振、疲勞壽命和氣密性等方面存在諸多不足,無法滿足日益嚴苛的隔振需求。波紋管式液固混合介質(zhì)隔振器的提出可提升現(xiàn)有隔振技術的承載能力與低頻隔振性能,在艦船、重型車輛、軌道交通的隔振與潛艇水聲輻射的線譜隔離等方面頗具應用前景。波紋管式液固混合介質(zhì)隔振器具有分段非線性的剛度特征,以這類隔振器為核心組成的隔振系統(tǒng)本質(zhì)上屬非光滑動力學系統(tǒng),除具有傳統(tǒng)光滑隔振系統(tǒng)的動力學特性外(如主共振幅值跳躍),還具備特有的非光滑動力學行為(如擦邊失穩(wěn)),因此其動力學行為的理論分析較為復雜;而在工程意義上,人們主要關心的問題是:如何利用這些非線性動力學行為來提升隔振性能,以及如何屏蔽不利動力學現(xiàn)象的影響。因此,本文以波紋管式混合介質(zhì)隔振系統(tǒng)為對象,利用非線性動力學理論與方法研究其動力學行為與設計方法,并結合低頻隔振與主動隔振開展相關動力學分析與設計工作。主要研究內(nèi)容和學術貢獻如下:1.建立波紋管式混合介質(zhì)隔振器的彈性力學模型并導出其剛度特性。首先,基于曲梁和板殼模型兩種彈性力學模型,分別推導了彈性單元體在外部油液壓力與內(nèi)部氣體壓力作用下的軸向變形規(guī)律;其次,考慮波紋管結構的幾何非線性,基于圓環(huán)板的大撓度卡門方程與圓環(huán)殼的線性控制方程,通過參數(shù)攝動法推導了單元體在外部油液壓力作用下的非線性剛度;最后基于單元體的壓力剛度,推導了隔振器的軸向剛度特性。研究結果表明:液固混合介質(zhì)隔振器具有分段線性-非線性的剛度特性,并得到了準靜態(tài)試驗驗證,而單元體數(shù)量與波紋管結構參數(shù)可以有效地調(diào)整隔振器的剛度及其不連續(xù)點的位置。這部分研究內(nèi)容為隔振器的剛度設計提供了理論依據(jù)。2.利用非光滑動力學理論研究波紋管式液固混合介質(zhì)隔振系統(tǒng)的響應與穩(wěn)定性。對于軌線與位移分界面橫截情形,首先利用接縫法求解系統(tǒng)的單穿越周期n運動響應;繼而基于定相位Poincaré截面,引入不連續(xù)映射建立橫截軌道的頻閃映射,隨之基于分界面Poincaré截面及其輔助截面,分段構建了橫截軌道鄰域內(nèi)的Poincaré映射并導出了其Jacobi矩陣。針對軌線與分界面擦邊情形,類似地,通過引入不連續(xù)映射構造了周期軌道的Poincaré映射并導出了擦邊分岔的規(guī)范型。這部分研究為隔振器的動力學設計提供了理論基礎。3.研究波紋管式液固混合介質(zhì)隔振器的非線性動力學設計方法。針對主共振幅值跳躍現(xiàn)象,首先利用奇異性理論對主共振幅頻曲線的分岔進行了分類,發(fā)現(xiàn)幅值跳躍可由鞍結分岔或者非光滑誘導的擦邊分岔所導致,而幅頻曲線上的尖角為系統(tǒng)發(fā)生了擦邊分岔的特征;進而依據(jù)頻響曲線的拓撲特征給出了避免跳躍發(fā)生的參數(shù)設計方法,研究結果表明,增大單元體數(shù)量可避免分段非線性因素帶來的跳躍沖擊。針對隔振有效區(qū)內(nèi)的倍周期分岔行為,通過周期軌道Poincaré映射的Jacobi矩陣的特征值分析給出了抑制倍周期分岔產(chǎn)生的參數(shù)條件,研究結果表明,增大系統(tǒng)阻尼可以有效抑制倍周期分岔的產(chǎn)生。4.研究柔性基礎上波紋管液固混合介質(zhì)隔振器的隔振性能,并提出提升其低頻隔振性能的高靜態(tài)低動態(tài)剛度隔振設計方案。針對運動軌線未穿過分界面的小振幅振動情形,實測了隔振器在柔性基礎試驗平臺上的能量傳遞率,并通過實測振級落差分析了激振環(huán)境與隔振器參數(shù)對隔振性能的影響;在大振幅情況下,主要給出主共振區(qū)的隔振設計原則,并理論了分析隔振器參數(shù)對隔振性能的影響。最后,給出了一種懸置式波紋管液固混合介質(zhì)隔振設計方案,該方案具備高靜態(tài)低動態(tài)剛度特性。比對結果顯示,懸置式隔振器可使顯著提升低頻隔振性能,若設計合理,甚至可實現(xiàn)小于2Hz的低頻隔振。5.將主動隔振與波紋管式液固混合介質(zhì)隔振技術結合,提出基于時滯立方非線性速度反饋的主動隔振方法。首先采用多尺度法對受控系統(tǒng)進行了主共振分析,考察了時滯對主共振響應及其穩(wěn)定性的影響,發(fā)現(xiàn)在一定時滯范圍內(nèi),立方非線性速度反饋不僅起到調(diào)節(jié)阻尼的作用,還可調(diào)節(jié)系統(tǒng)剛度;繼而通過數(shù)值仿真討論了反饋參數(shù)對隔振效果的影響,研究結果表明立方非線性速度反饋控制能夠有效控制共振區(qū)的響應及改善隔振效果,同時不影響高頻區(qū)的隔振;而后主要從系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性角度給出了反饋參數(shù)的設計方法。
[Abstract]:Bellows type liquid solid mixed medium isolator is a class of nonlinear vibration isolation device mainly used for low frequency heavy load dynamic mechanical isolation. It is composed of bellows elastic element and oil liquid medium in multi-layer bellows container. At present, low frequency heavy load vibration isolation is still one of the difficult and focal problems in the field of vibration isolation engineering. Passive vibration isolation technology has many shortcomings in bearing capacity, low frequency vibration isolation, fatigue life and air tightness, which can not meet the increasing demand of vibration isolation. The proposed method of bellows type liquid solid mixture isolator can improve the bearing capacity and low frequency vibration isolation performance of existing vibration isolation technology, and be separated from ships, heavy vehicles, and rail traffic. The corrugated pipe type liquid solid mixed medium isolator has the characteristics of piecewise nonlinear stiffness. The vibration isolation system consisting of this type of isolator is essentially a non smooth dynamic system with the exception of the dynamic characteristics of the traditional smooth vibration isolation system (such as the main resonance amplitude, such as the main resonance amplitude. The theoretical analysis of its dynamic behavior is more complicated, and in engineering significance, the main concern is how to use these nonlinear dynamic behaviors to improve the vibration isolation performance and how to shield the effect of adverse dynamics. In this paper, the dynamic behavior and design method of the bellows type mixed medium vibration isolation system is studied by nonlinear dynamics theory and method, and the related dynamic analysis and design work is carried out in combination with low frequency vibration isolation and active vibration isolation. The main research contents and academic contributions are as follows: 1. the projectile of the bellows type mixed medium vibration isolator is established. The mechanical model and its stiffness characteristics are derived. First, based on two elastic mechanics models of curved beam and plate and shell model, the axial deformation law of the elastic element under the action of external oil pressure and internal gas pressure is derived respectively. Secondly, the geometric non linear of the bellows structure is considered, and the large deflection Carmen equation and the ring based on the circular plate are based on the circular plate. The linear control equation of the shell is used to derive the nonlinear stiffness of the element under the external oil pressure by the parameter perturbation method. Finally, based on the pressure stiffness of the element, the axial stiffness characteristics of the isolator are derived. The results show that the stiffness characteristic of the liquid solid medium isolator is linear to nonlinear, and the quasi-static is obtained. The state test proves that the number of elements and the structural parameters of the bellows can effectively adjust the stiffness of the isolator and the position of the discontinuous point. This part of the study provides a theoretical basis for the stiffness design of the isolator. The response and stability of the bellows type liquid solid mixed medium isolation system are studied by using the non smooth dynamics theory.2.. For the cross section of the rail line and displacement interface, first of all, the joint method is used to solve the N motion response of the single crossing period of the system. Then based on the fixed phase Poincar e section, the stroboscopic mapping of the cross section is established by the discontinuous mapping, and then the Poinc in the neighborhood of the cross section is subsection based on the interface Poincar section and the auxiliary section. Ar e maps and derives its Jacobi matrix. According to the boundary condition of the rail line and interface, the Poincar e mapping of periodic orbits is constructed by introducing discontinuous mappings and the standard type of edge bifurcation is derived. This part of the study provides a theoretical basis for the dynamic design of the isolator by.3. to study the vibration isolation of the bellows type liquid and solid medium. For the nonlinear dynamic design method of the device, the bifurcation of the main resonance amplitude frequency curve is classified according to the singularity theory. It is found that the amplitude jump can be caused by the saddle node bifurcation or the non smooth induced edge bifurcation, and the sharp angle on the amplitude frequency curve has the characteristics of the edge bifurcation of the system. According to the topological characteristics of the frequency response curve, a parameter design method to avoid jumping is given. The results show that the increase of the number of units can avoid the jump impact caused by the piecewise nonlinear factors. According to the characteristic value analysis of the Jacobi matrix of the periodic orbit Poincar e mapping, the behavior of the period doubling bifurcation in the effective isolation zone is given. The study results show that increasing system damping can effectively suppress the generation of multiple period bifurcations, and the vibration isolation performance of the bellows liquid solid mixed medium isolator on the.4. research flexible foundation is effectively suppressed, and a high static and low dynamic stiffness isolation design scheme is proposed to improve the low frequency vibration isolation performance. The energy transfer rate of the isolator on the flexible foundation test platform is measured without the small amplitude vibration on the interface, and the effect of the excitation environment and the isolator parameters on the vibration isolation performance is analyzed by the measured vibration level drop. In the case of large amplitude, the principle of vibration isolation design is mainly given and the vibration isolator is analyzed. The effect of parameters on vibration isolation performance. Finally, a suspension type bellows liquid solid mixed medium isolation design scheme is given. The scheme has high static and low dynamic stiffness characteristics. Comparison results show that the suspension isolator can significantly improve the low frequency vibration isolation performance. If the design is reasonable, even the low frequency vibration isolation.5. of less than 2Hz will be actively separated. The active vibration isolation method based on the time-delay cubic nonlinear velocity feedback is proposed by the combination of vibration and bellows liquid solid mixed medium vibration isolation technology. Firstly, the multi-scale method is used to analyze the main resonance of the controlled system, and the effect of time delay on the main resonance response and its stability is investigated. The cubic nonlinear velocity inverse within a certain time delay range is given. It not only regulates the effect of damping, but also regulates the stiffness of the system. By numerical simulation, the effect of feedback parameters on the vibration isolation effect is discussed. The results show that the cubic nonlinear velocity feedback control can effectively control the response of the resonance region and improve the vibration isolation effect, without affecting the vibration isolation of the high frequency region, and then mainly from the stability of the system. The design method of feedback parameters is given in the qualitative angle.
【學位授予單位】：南京航空航天大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TB535.1

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