本文選題：動(dòng)態(tài)設(shè)備布局 + 多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化��； 參考：《西安建筑科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：車間設(shè)備布局是制造系統(tǒng)規(guī)劃中最重要的研究?jī)?nèi)容之一,布局設(shè)計(jì)的好壞對(duì)生產(chǎn)過程中的物料傳輸、生產(chǎn)效益、生產(chǎn)安全等均有較大影響。在柔性化生產(chǎn)環(huán)境背景下,傳統(tǒng)的靜態(tài)設(shè)備布局不考慮市場(chǎng)動(dòng)態(tài)需求特性,布局成本高,難以滿足現(xiàn)在企業(yè)的布局要求,因此,對(duì)車間動(dòng)態(tài)設(shè)備布局問題的研究具有很重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。實(shí)際布局問題不僅復(fù)雜而且多樣,形成一套完整、系統(tǒng)的動(dòng)態(tài)設(shè)備布局優(yōu)化模型與方法非常迫切。本文針對(duì)多品種、小批量生產(chǎn)模式的制造車間,結(jié)合計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù),完成車間生產(chǎn)線的優(yōu)化布置。本文首先對(duì)車間布局問題的國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行了綜述,主要圍繞布局形式、布局建模方法、求解算法、計(jì)算機(jī)輔助布局這四個(gè)方面展開,重點(diǎn)闡述了動(dòng)態(tài)設(shè)備布局的研究現(xiàn)狀,為后文布局模型的建立、求解算法的設(shè)計(jì)提供了理論支撐。在建立動(dòng)態(tài)設(shè)備布局多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化模型時(shí),本文以多行直線型布局為研究對(duì)象,將物料搬運(yùn)成本、設(shè)備重置成本、車間面積利用率作為優(yōu)化目標(biāo),并確定了設(shè)備布局需滿足的約束條件,在此基礎(chǔ)上,建立了連續(xù)平面不等面積設(shè)備的混合整數(shù)規(guī)劃模型。在求解動(dòng)態(tài)布局問題模型時(shí),本文分析了遺傳算法與混沌技術(shù)的基本理論、運(yùn)算過程以及兩種算法的集成方法,并設(shè)計(jì)了一種行之有效的混沌遺傳算法來求解。該混合算法繼承了遺傳算法的反演性和混沌搜索的遍歷性,克服了遺傳算法局部尋優(yōu)能力差較易陷入局部最優(yōu)的問題,大大提高了搜索速度和全局收斂性,非常適合應(yīng)用于求解設(shè)備布局問題。由于目前的研究在求解模型時(shí)都是將實(shí)例帶入算法程序內(nèi)部,工作量大,效率低,本文利用Java語言開發(fā)了布局優(yōu)化快捷計(jì)算工具,進(jìn)行計(jì)算機(jī)輔助車間布局設(shè)計(jì),借助此工具添加算法即可進(jìn)行實(shí)例求解。最后,在此工具的基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)蘭州某機(jī)械加工車間的設(shè)備布局進(jìn)行優(yōu)化,優(yōu)化結(jié)果表明本文提出的動(dòng)態(tài)設(shè)備布局方法能起到明顯的降低生產(chǎn)成本、提高車間利用率的作用。同時(shí),將本文設(shè)計(jì)的混沌遺傳算法與改進(jìn)遺傳算法、NSGA-II、蟻群算法分別求解同一車間實(shí)例,最終證明了該混合算法的可行性與有效性。
[Abstract]:The layout of workshop equipment is one of the most important research contents in manufacturing system planning. The quality of layout design has great influence on material transmission, production benefit and production safety in the process of production. In the context of flexible production environment, the traditional static equipment layout does not consider the characteristics of market dynamic demand, the layout cost is high, and it is difficult to meet the requirements of the present enterprise layout. It is of great practical significance to study the layout of dynamic equipment in workshop. The practical layout problem is not only complex and diverse, but also forms a complete set of dynamic equipment layout optimization models and methods. In this paper, the optimal layout of workshop production line is completed by combining computer technology with multi-variety and small-batch production workshop. Firstly, this paper summarizes the present situation of workshop layout problems at home and abroad, mainly focusing on four aspects: layout form, layout modeling method, solution algorithm, computer aided layout. The research status of dynamic equipment layout is described in detail, which provides theoretical support for the establishment of layout model and the design of solution algorithm. When establishing the multi-objective optimization model of dynamic equipment layout, this paper takes the multi-line linear layout as the research object, taking the material handling cost, the equipment replacement cost and the workshop area utilization ratio as the optimization objectives. On the basis of this, the mixed integer programming model of continuous plane unequal area equipment is established. In solving the dynamic layout problem model, this paper analyzes the basic theory of genetic algorithm and chaos technology, the operation process and the integration method of the two algorithms, and designs an effective chaotic genetic algorithm to solve the problem. The hybrid algorithm inherits the inversion property of genetic algorithm and the ergodicity of chaotic search. It overcomes the problem that the poor local optimization ability of genetic algorithm is easy to fall into local optimum, and greatly improves the search speed and global convergence. It is very suitable for solving device layout problems. Because the current research in solving the model is to bring examples into the algorithm program, the workload is large, the efficiency is low, this paper develops the layout optimization quick calculation tool by using Java language, carries on the computer aided workshop layout design. With the help of this tool, we can add an algorithm to solve the problem. Finally, on the basis of this tool, the equipment layout of a machining workshop in Lanzhou is optimized. The optimization results show that the dynamic equipment layout method proposed in this paper can obviously reduce the production cost and improve the workshop utilization ratio. At the same time, the chaotic genetic algorithm and improved genetic algorithm NSGA-IIand Ant Colony algorithm are used to solve the same workshop respectively, which proves the feasibility and effectiveness of the hybrid algorithm.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安建筑科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TP18;TB491

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本文編號(hào)：1923831