發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-11 17:35

  本文選題：吸振器 + 振動(dòng)控制��； 參考：《長(zhǎng)安大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：機(jī)械振動(dòng)會(huì)造成很大的負(fù)面影響，動(dòng)力吸振器為最常用的振動(dòng)控制方法，其本質(zhì)是在原有振動(dòng)系統(tǒng)上安裝一個(gè)質(zhì)量—阻尼—彈簧元件組成的附加振動(dòng)系統(tǒng)，適當(dāng)?shù)卣{(diào)節(jié)附加系統(tǒng)的固有頻率，將原振動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的振動(dòng)能量轉(zhuǎn)移到附加系統(tǒng)，以減低原振動(dòng)系統(tǒng)在該頻率處的振動(dòng)。本文研究了一種新型動(dòng)力吸振器—變質(zhì)量動(dòng)力吸振器，通過調(diào)整吸振器質(zhì)量實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)吸振器固有頻率的調(diào)整，達(dá)到主振系統(tǒng)減振的目的。建立了變質(zhì)量動(dòng)力吸振器模型，分析了吸振器減振性能影響參數(shù)，設(shè)計(jì)和驗(yàn)證了動(dòng)力吸振器變質(zhì)量控制算法。 論文的主要工作和研究成果如下： 為了研究系統(tǒng)振動(dòng)響應(yīng)特性，在單自由度、二自由度系統(tǒng)振動(dòng)理論的基礎(chǔ)上，建立了動(dòng)力吸振器動(dòng)力學(xué)模型，研究了其受迫振動(dòng)時(shí)動(dòng)力學(xué)響應(yīng)特性，在理論上，動(dòng)力吸振器的減振性能與系統(tǒng)阻尼、質(zhì)量、剛度以及外界激振的頻率有關(guān)。 為了研究變質(zhì)量動(dòng)力吸振器吸振的性能，建立了變質(zhì)量動(dòng)力吸振器的動(dòng)力學(xué)模型，研究了主振器與變質(zhì)量吸振器的耦合關(guān)系，利用Newmark積分方法對(duì)動(dòng)力學(xué)方程進(jìn)行求解，在此基礎(chǔ)上，討論了吸振器質(zhì)量變化對(duì)主振系統(tǒng)的瞬態(tài)、穩(wěn)態(tài)響應(yīng)的影響，研究表明，對(duì)于某一個(gè)激振頻率來說，存在一個(gè)最佳的質(zhì)量使主振系統(tǒng)的減振效果最好，在一定范圍內(nèi)，吸振器質(zhì)量偏離最佳質(zhì)量越大，，吸振效果越差；另外，不同激振頻率所對(duì)應(yīng)的最佳吸振器質(zhì)量不同，為變質(zhì)量振動(dòng)控制策略的研究提供了理論依據(jù)。 為了實(shí)現(xiàn)不同激振頻率下變質(zhì)量振動(dòng)控制，提出了模糊控制與PID控制相結(jié)合的變質(zhì)量控制策略，并在Simulink環(huán)境下對(duì)控制算法進(jìn)行了仿真，實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明，采用這種控制策略主振系統(tǒng)達(dá)到穩(wěn)定時(shí)間較短，穩(wěn)定時(shí)振動(dòng)幅值較小。 為了驗(yàn)證控制策略的有效性，搭建了由主振系統(tǒng)、吸振器、測(cè)量模塊、控制單元以及執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)組成的變質(zhì)量振動(dòng)控制實(shí)驗(yàn)臺(tái)，進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)的硬件、軟件設(shè)計(jì)，通過實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證了變質(zhì)量吸振器模型以及控制策略的正確性與可行性，為工程應(yīng)用奠定了基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:Mechanical vibration can cause great negative effects. Dynamic vibration absorber is the most commonly used vibration control method. Its essence is to install an additional vibration system composed of mass-damp-spring elements on the original vibration system. The natural frequency of the additional system is adjusted properly and the vibration energy of the original vibration system is transferred to the additional system in order to reduce the vibration of the original vibration system at this frequency. In this paper, a new type of dynamic vibration absorber, variable mass dynamic vibration absorber, is studied. By adjusting the mass of the absorber, the natural frequency of the absorber can be adjusted to achieve the purpose of damping the vibration of the main vibration system. The model of dynamic vibration absorber with variable mass is established, the influence parameters of vibration absorption performance are analyzed, and the variable quality control algorithm of dynamic vibration absorber is designed and verified. The main work and research results are as follows: In order to study the vibration response characteristics of the system, based on the vibration theory of single degree of freedom and two degrees of freedom, the dynamic model of the dynamic vibration absorber is established, and the dynamic response of the dynamic response to the forced vibration is studied. The damping performance of the dynamic vibration absorber is related to the system damping, mass, stiffness and the frequency of external vibration. In order to study the performance of variable mass dynamic vibration absorber, the dynamic model of variable mass dynamic absorber is established, and the coupling relationship between main vibration absorber and variable mass vibration absorber is studied. The dynamic equation is solved by Newmark integral method. On this basis, the effect of mass variation of vibration absorber on the transient and steady response of the main vibration system is discussed. In a certain range, the greater the mass deviation from the optimal mass, the worse the vibration absorption effect. In addition, the different vibration frequency corresponding to the optimal vibration absorber quality is different, which provides a theoretical basis for the study of variable mass vibration control strategy. In order to realize the variable mass vibration control under different exciting frequencies, a variable quality control strategy combining fuzzy control and PID control is proposed, and the control algorithm is simulated under the Simulink environment. The experimental results show that, Using this control strategy, the stabilization time of the main vibration system is shorter and the vibration amplitude is smaller. In order to verify the effectiveness of the control strategy, a variable mass vibration control experiment platform composed of main vibration system, vibration absorber, measurement module, control unit and actuator is built. The hardware and software of the system are designed. The correctness and feasibility of the model and control strategy of variable mass vibration absorber are verified by experiments, which lays a foundation for engineering application.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長(zhǎng)安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TB535.1

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本文編號(hào)：1874909