本文選題：數(shù)控液壓拉伸墊 + 預(yù)加速�。� 參考：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：拉伸墊是一種壓力機配套裝置,其作用是壓緊工件邊緣防止沖壓時工件起皺。傳統(tǒng)的拉伸墊采用以下三種結(jié)構(gòu)形式:空氣拉伸墊、液壓拉伸墊、液壓空氣混合緩沖拉伸墊�，F(xiàn)今,機械壓力機正向著大行程、大噸位、高速度的方向發(fā)展,傳統(tǒng)的拉伸裝置已經(jīng)不能滿足新型壓力機深拉伸、大噸位、低振動的工藝技術(shù)要求。為適應(yīng)壓力機的發(fā)展,將精確的數(shù)控技術(shù)與液壓相融合,得到新型的拉伸墊——數(shù)控液壓拉伸墊。數(shù)控液壓拉伸墊的功能特點可以使壓力機生產(chǎn)沖壓次數(shù)更高、沖壓質(zhì)量更好、沖壓噪聲更小。因此,以數(shù)控液壓拉伸墊的功能設(shè)計為例,對拉伸墊預(yù)加速功能、沖壓過程中改變壓邊力功能(沖壓材料與模具之間的摩擦力)、拉伸墊下極限位置閉鎖功能進行研究,為數(shù)控液壓拉伸墊的設(shè)計提供有效的幫助。因而,具有一定的參考價值。本文針對數(shù)控液壓拉伸墊的關(guān)鍵功能——拉伸墊下行預(yù)加速控制。從拉伸墊與滑塊的接觸速度入手針對有/無預(yù)加速功能,分析主液壓缸內(nèi)的壓力波動峰值和壓力平穩(wěn)時間。運用速度反饋控制數(shù)控液壓墊拉伸墊的預(yù)加速值,確定數(shù)控液壓拉伸墊的預(yù)加速相對于滑塊速度的相對系數(shù)為80%左右。無預(yù)加速功能情況下,系統(tǒng)壓力波動出現(xiàn)時間早,且產(chǎn)生二次階躍,峰值大,壓力平穩(wěn)時間在370ms;有預(yù)加速功能情況下,壓力波動出現(xiàn)在與滑塊接觸的時刻,且無二次階躍變化,壓力變化峰值低,壓力平穩(wěn)時間為140ms;從而,確定數(shù)控液壓拉伸墊預(yù)加速功能使用速度和位置反饋控制方案。基于壓力反饋研究數(shù)控液壓拉伸墊的變壓邊力控制,確定在沖壓板材時改變拉伸墊壓邊力的液壓系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu),調(diào)整四個壓邊缸壓力。通過對沖壓鋼板的模擬,對壓邊缸內(nèi)部壓力峰值變化與平穩(wěn)時間進行分析,確定壓邊缸設(shè)計和其壓力反饋控制方案。采用位置反饋研究數(shù)控液壓拉伸墊的位置閉鎖控制,使拉伸墊在滑塊運動到?jīng)_壓下極限位置時,可以鎖定不動待滑塊返程500ms后復(fù)位。明確其不跟隨滑塊返程運動的設(shè)計原則;通過對拉伸墊無閉鎖、有下移閉鎖和有下移閉鎖取料位幾種情況的分析,得到壓力變化曲線,為解決數(shù)控液壓拉伸墊閉鎖問題提供位置反饋的解決方案。
[Abstract]:Tension pad is a press supporting device, its function is to press the workpiece edge to prevent the workpiece wrinkle.The traditional drawing pad adopts the following three types of structure: air tension pad, hydraulic tension pad and hydraulic air mixed buffer tension pad.Nowadays, the mechanical press is developing towards the direction of long stroke, large tonnage and high speed. The traditional drawing device can no longer meet the technical requirements of deep drawing, large tonnage and low vibration of the new press.In order to adapt to the development of press, the precise numerical control technology is combined with hydraulic pressure, and a new type of drawing pad-numerical control hydraulic drawing pad is obtained.The function characteristic of NC hydraulic drawing pad can make the press produce higher punching times, better stamping quality and less punching noise.Therefore, taking the function design of numerical control hydraulic drawing pad as an example, this paper studies the function of pre-acceleration of drawing pad, changing the function of blank holder force (friction between stamping material and die, locking function of limit position under tension pad) during stamping.For the numerical control hydraulic drawing pad design to provide effective help.Therefore, it has certain reference value.This paper aims at the key function of NC hydraulic tension pad-the downlink pre-acceleration control of the drawing pad.Based on the contact speed between the tension pad and the slider, the peak pressure fluctuation and the pressure stationary time in the main hydraulic cylinder are analyzed.The speed feedback is used to control the pre-acceleration value of the NC hydraulic cushion drawing pad, and the relative coefficient of the pre-acceleration of the NC hydraulic tension pad relative to the speed of the slider is determined to be about 80%.In the case of no pre-acceleration function, the pressure fluctuation of the system appears earlier, and produces the second step, the peak value is large, and the pressure stable time is 370 Ms. In the case of pre-acceleration function, the pressure fluctuation occurs at the time of contact with the slider, and there is no second step change.The peak value of pressure change is low and the pressure stationary time is 140 Ms. Therefore, the speed and position feedback control scheme of the pre-acceleration function of numerical control hydraulic tension pad is determined.Based on pressure feedback, the variable blank holding force control of NC hydraulic drawing pad is studied, and the hydraulic system structure of changing the blank holder force during stamping is determined, and the pressure of four blank holder cylinders is adjusted.Through the simulation of punching steel plate, the peak pressure change and stationary time of the blank holder cylinder are analyzed, and the design of the blank holder cylinder and its pressure feedback control scheme are determined.The position locking control of the NC hydraulic tension pad is studied by position feedback. When the slider moves to the limit position under the punching position, the tension pad can be locked and reset after the slider returns to the 500ms.The design principle of the return movement of the slider is made clear, and the pressure change curve is obtained by analyzing the situation that the tension pad has no latch, there is a downshift latch, and the material level is taken with a downshift latch.It provides a position feedback solution for solving the lock problem of NC hydraulic tension pad.
【學位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TH137;TG659

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