本文選題：冰漿　切入點(diǎn)：凝核劑　出處：《天津商業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：冰漿是利用顯熱與潛熱共同蓄冷的蓄冷介質(zhì),其單位蓄冷量非常可觀,在相同體積情況下,冰漿的蓄冷量要比其他的蓄冷介質(zhì)多3~4倍,對(duì)電網(wǎng)峰谷的調(diào)節(jié)能力使冰漿在蓄冷空調(diào)方面有很好的應(yīng)用前景。本文對(duì)制取冰漿所用的三種離子類添加劑溶液在不同表面的凝固特性進(jìn)行了理論分析、實(shí)驗(yàn)研究及數(shù)值模擬。具體研究?jī)?nèi)容如下:(1)從理論上分析了冰晶成核機(jī)理,在同質(zhì)成核的情況下,晶核可以繼續(xù)生長的臨界半徑在10-11m的數(shù)量級(jí)上,臨界成核能在10-22J的數(shù)量級(jí)上。研究了影響異質(zhì)臨界成核能與成核速率的影響因素,液滴在異質(zhì)成核表面的接觸角在0~20°與160~180°時(shí)對(duì)臨界成核能的影響較大。討論了溶液在平板表面的接觸角、粗糙度、添加劑以及過冷度對(duì)冰晶成核的影響規(guī)律。(2)對(duì)純水和不同濃度的氯化鈉溶液在不同表面的模型進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)化,利用ANSYS Fluent對(duì)不同接觸角的液滴凝固過程進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬,通過模擬得出:接觸角較小的液滴的凝固速度大于接觸角較大的液滴。在相同工況下,溶液開始凝固時(shí)間和凝固完成所用時(shí)間與氯化鈉溶液的濃度呈正比,與接觸角的大小成正比,這與理論分析相吻合。在凝固過程中首先從與壁面接觸的底部開始凝固,并且液滴表面首先凝固然后內(nèi)部再完全凝固,疏水表面上液滴的凝固時(shí)間大于親水表面液滴的凝固時(shí)間,與實(shí)驗(yàn)觀察結(jié)果一致。(3)搭建了冷表面液滴凝固性能測(cè)試裝置,研究了純水和三種不同濃度的離子類添加劑溶液在不同表面以及不同粗糙度條件下的凝固特性。對(duì)于親水性表面,隨著平板表面粗糙度的增大,溶液的臨界成核能逐漸減小,而對(duì)于疏水性表面則相反,疏水表面對(duì)液滴凝固具有顯著的延緩效果。溶液在不同表面的臨界成核能隨著過冷度的增大而逐漸降低。在相同的濃度及粗糙度下,氯化鈉溶液的臨界成核能比氯化鉀溶液和碳酸氫鈉溶液的臨界成核能小,因此使用氯化鈉溶液作為添加劑,可以促進(jìn)冰晶的生成。
[Abstract]:Ice slurry is the use of sensible heat and latent heat storage medium common cold storage unit, the storage volume is very considerable, in the same volume, cold storage capacity of ice slurry storage medium other than the 3~4 times, the ability to regulate the peak valley of the ice slurry has good application prospect in the cold storage air conditioner. Three kinds of ionic additives used in the solution of making ice slurry is analyzed on the solidification characteristics of different surface, experimental study and numerical simulation. The main research contents are as follows: (1) from the theoretical analysis of the ice nucleation mechanism, in the case of homogeneous nucleation, crystal nucleus you can continue to grow the critical radius at the order of magnitude of 10-11m, the critical nucleation energy in the order of magnitude of 10-22J. Studied the factors which affect the nucleation rate of heterogeneous nuclear and critical droplet in a heterogeneous nucleation surface contact angle in 0~20 degrees and 160~180 degrees of critical nucleation energy. Loud. Discuss the solution on the plate surface contact angle, roughness, additives and undercooling on ice crystals into influence of nuclei. (2) of pure water and different concentrations of Sodium Chloride Solution is simplified in different surface model, numerical simulation of droplet solidification process of different contact angle using ANSYS Fluent, through the the simulation results show that the contact angle of smaller droplet solidification rate is greater than the contact angle of large droplets. In the same condition, the initial solution setting time and setting time for the completion of concentration and Sodium Chloride Solution is directly related to the large and small is proportional to the contact angle, which coincides with the theoretical analysis. In the process of solidification from the first contact with the wall of the bottom and the surface of droplet solidification, solidification and internal first completely solidified, the solidification time of droplet on hydrophilic and hydrophobic surface is greater than the solidification time of hydrophilic surface droplets, with the experimental observation. Results. (3) built a cold surface droplet solidification performance testing device of pure water, and three kinds of different concentration of ion additive solution in different surface roughness and different conditions. The solidification characteristics for the hydrophilic surface, with surface roughness increases, the critical nucleation energy solution decreases gradually. As for the hydrophobic surface on a hydrophobic surface, droplet solidification has significant effect on delaying. Solution in different surface critical nucleation energy with the increase of undercooling and gradually decreased. At the same concentration and roughness, Sodium Chloride Solution critical nucleation energy than potassium chloride solution and sodium bicarbonate solution into the critical nuclear small therefore, the use of Sodium Chloride Solution as additives, can promote the formation of ice crystals.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津商業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TB64

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