本文選題：建筑物高度　切入點：陰影　出處：《昆明理工大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著人口和經(jīng)濟的快速發(fā)展,城市化進程速度加快,因此獲取城市變化信息對于城市的規(guī)劃和發(fā)展具有重要的意義。從遙感圖像中提取人工地物,尤其是相關(guān)建筑物的研究已有多年歷史,如今仍是一個熱點課題。本文以廈門島為研究區(qū)域,利用IKONOS遙感影像的陰影特征,開展建筑物高度提取方法研究。本文的主要工作包括： 1、提出了一種基于城市建筑物陰影的自動提取方法,該方法利用了高分辨率遙感影像中建筑物受到太陽照射而產(chǎn)生的陰影信息,對影像進行圖像增強、數(shù)學(xué)形態(tài)學(xué)處理、圖像分割等處理,直至完成了建筑物陰影提取的全過程。實驗表明,該方法能夠快速有效的進行陰影的檢測,保證了陰影的形狀和大小。 2、提出了一種新的去除建筑物陰影中水體的方法。水體和建筑物陰影在灰度特征上相似,監(jiān)督分類過程中建筑物陰影結(jié)果會受到水體的影響。本文基于各波段圖像的特性,結(jié)合監(jiān)督分類和代數(shù)運算方法對圖像進行處理,完成了水體和建筑物陰影的區(qū)分。實驗結(jié)果表明,本方法能有效的去除水體對于建筑物陰影提取的影響,較好的提取了投射于水體上的建筑物陰影,其陰影大小和形狀都保持的較好,提高了建筑物陰影檢測的準(zhǔn)確性。 3、論文中分析了影像上陰影與太陽高度角、太陽方位角、衛(wèi)星高度角、衛(wèi)星方位角以及建筑物的關(guān)系,從而推導(dǎo)出建筑物陰影與建筑物高度的計算公式。利用陰影測高工具法和平均法提取建筑物高度,其高度計算值與廈門市研究區(qū)的建筑物高度測量值進行對比。最后對實驗結(jié)果進行精度評價和誤差分析。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of population and economy, the process of urbanization is speeding up, so it is very important to obtain urban change information for urban planning and development. In particular, the study of related buildings has been for many years, but is still a hot topic. In this paper, the shadow features of IKONOS remote sensing images are used in Xiamen Island as the research area. The main work of this paper includes:. 1. An automatic shadow extraction method based on urban building shadow is proposed. The method utilizes the shadow information of high resolution remote sensing image caused by solar radiation to enhance the image and process the mathematical morphology. The experiments show that the method can detect the shadow quickly and effectively and ensure the shape and size of the shadow. 2. A new method is proposed to remove the water body from the shadow of buildings. The gray features of water body and building shadow are similar, and the result of building shadow will be affected by the water body in the process of supervising classification. Based on the characteristics of each band image, this paper proposes a new method to remove the water body from the shadow of the building. Combined with supervised classification and algebraic operation, the image is processed, and the distinction between water body and building shadow is completed. The experimental results show that this method can effectively remove the influence of water body on building shadow extraction. Better extraction of the shadow cast on the water, the shadow size and shape of the better, improve the accuracy of building shadow detection. 3. The relationship between shadow and solar height angle, solar azimuth angle, satellite altitude angle, satellite azimuth angle and building are analyzed. Thus, the calculation formula of building shadow and building height is derived, and the building height is extracted by means of shadow altimetry and average method. The calculated values of the height are compared with the measured values of the height of buildings in Xiamen study area. Finally, the accuracy evaluation and error analysis of the experimental results are carried out.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TP751;TU198

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