本文選題：爆破　切入點(diǎn)：爆破振動(dòng)　出處：《湖南科技大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：爆破振動(dòng)危害控制是爆破工程領(lǐng)域和學(xué)術(shù)界研究的重大前沿課題。減振孔作為一項(xiàng)有效控制爆破振動(dòng)技術(shù)被廣泛應(yīng)用于保護(hù)邊坡、基坑、建(構(gòu))筑物,獲得了良好的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益和社會(huì)效益。當(dāng)爆破地震波傳經(jīng)減振孔時(shí),會(huì)發(fā)生反射、繞射和透射,波的強(qiáng)度將被削弱。關(guān)于減振孔的研究甚少,減振孔參數(shù)設(shè)計(jì)缺乏理論指導(dǎo)。因此,研究減振孔降振效率的影響因素對(duì)指導(dǎo)爆破振動(dòng)控制中減振孔參數(shù)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)具有極其重要的意義。本文通過對(duì)比研究減振孔參數(shù),利用數(shù)值計(jì)算、模擬試驗(yàn)、數(shù)值模擬等研究手段分析減振孔參數(shù)對(duì)降振效率的影響,取得成果如下:(1)通過分析空孔中應(yīng)力波波場,研究應(yīng)力波在單個(gè)空孔附近的傳播規(guī)律,根據(jù)穩(wěn)態(tài)波方程及邊界條件,得出單個(gè)空孔(圓孔)直徑和泊松比與減振因子RF之間的一般關(guān)系。(2)通過建立預(yù)留不同參數(shù)下的混凝土減振孔模型,對(duì)比分析了不同參數(shù)及布置方式條件下的試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù),得出了減振孔參數(shù)對(duì)降振效率影響的基本規(guī)律。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:隨著減振孔孔徑D、排數(shù)n、超深H的增大,減振率也會(huì)增大。而對(duì)于減振孔爆心距e、孔距a則恰好相反。(3)實(shí)測表明,振動(dòng)徑向主頻一般都會(huì)小于垂直方向主頻,垂直方向上主頻相對(duì)于水平方向主頻會(huì)更高。(4)運(yùn)用有限元ANSYS/LS-DYNA數(shù)值模擬軟件,建立不同減振孔參數(shù)(孔徑D,排數(shù)n,孔距a,爆心距e,孔深h、超深H等)的爆破源—減振孔模型,分析應(yīng)力波在減振孔的前后觀察點(diǎn)振速峰值變化情況,通過數(shù)值計(jì)算,圖表對(duì)比分析,表明數(shù)值模擬結(jié)果和現(xiàn)場模擬試驗(yàn)結(jié)論基本一致。
[Abstract]:The hazard control of blasting vibration is an important frontier subject in the field of blasting engineering and academic circles. As an effective blasting vibration control technology, vibration absorber hole is widely used to protect slope, foundation pit, and build (construct) structures. Good economic and social benefits are obtained. When the blasting seismic wave passes through the damping hole, reflection, diffraction and transmission will occur, and the intensity of the wave will be weakened. The design of damping hole parameters lacks theoretical guidance. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the factors affecting the damping efficiency of the damping hole to guide the optimum design of the damping hole parameters in the blasting vibration control. In this paper, the parameters of the damping hole are compared and studied. By means of numerical calculation, simulation test, numerical simulation and so on, the effect of damping hole parameters on the vibration reduction efficiency is analyzed. The results are as follows: 1) by analyzing the stress wave field in the hollow hole, the propagation law of the stress wave near a single hole is studied. According to the steady wave equation and boundary conditions, the general relationship between the diameter of a single hollow hole and Poisson's ratio and the vibration absorption factor RF is obtained. The experimental data under different parameters and layout conditions are compared and analyzed, and the basic law of the influence of the damping hole parameters on the vibration reduction efficiency is obtained. The experimental results show that: with the increase of the aperture D, the number of n and the super depth H of the damping hole, The measured results show that the radial main frequency of vibration is generally smaller than the vertical main frequency. The main frequency in the vertical direction is higher than that in the horizontal direction. The finite element ANSYS/LS-DYNA numerical simulation software is used to establish the blasting source-damping hole model with different damping hole parameters (aperture D, row number n, hole spacing a, burst center distance E, hole depth h, ultra deep H, etc.). The variation of peak value of stress wave at the observation point before and after the vibration absorption hole is analyzed. Through numerical calculation and chart comparison, it is shown that the numerical simulation results are basically consistent with the field simulation test results.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：TB41

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