本文選題：滾輪傳動(dòng)　切入點(diǎn)：噪聲輻射模型　出處：《江蘇大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：滾輪傳動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)被廣泛運(yùn)用于工業(yè)生產(chǎn)當(dāng)中,然而其在滾輪傳動(dòng)過(guò)程會(huì)產(chǎn)生極大的振動(dòng)噪聲污染,這不僅對(duì)工作人員的身心健康和工作態(tài)度起到一定的負(fù)面影響,更會(huì)約束生產(chǎn)力的提高。本文結(jié)合了試驗(yàn)與仿真來(lái)預(yù)測(cè)滾輪傳動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)的噪聲值,最終得到了一種較為準(zhǔn)確的噪聲預(yù)測(cè)方法。本文的主要工作如下:首先,本文結(jié)合國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)提出了一套振動(dòng)噪聲試驗(yàn)方案,選定振動(dòng)信號(hào)與噪聲信號(hào)的測(cè)量位置。試驗(yàn)時(shí)采集了滾輪傳動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)在各穩(wěn)態(tài)工況下以及勻加速工況下的振動(dòng)和噪聲信號(hào),再通過(guò)分析振動(dòng)和噪聲信號(hào)研究其振動(dòng)噪聲特性。其次,通過(guò)滾輪間的受力分析情況,確定了滾輪傳動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)的振動(dòng)響應(yīng)主要是由垂直方向的受力引起的。運(yùn)用集中參數(shù)法建立滾輪傳動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)垂直方向的力學(xué)模型,并依照力學(xué)模型建立振動(dòng)微分方程,通過(guò)實(shí)際測(cè)量和計(jì)算,確定了滾輪傳動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)的各個(gè)集中質(zhì)量、集中剛度、集中阻尼等相關(guān)參數(shù)。然后求解出未知量?jī)H為激勵(lì)力的振動(dòng)速度響應(yīng)式。接著,根據(jù)實(shí)際測(cè)量尺寸在CATIA里建立滾輪傳動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)的結(jié)構(gòu)模型,利用Hypermesh軟件對(duì)其進(jìn)行網(wǎng)格處理,從而建立了滾輪傳動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)的有限元模型。然后再將其導(dǎo)入有限元分析軟件中,進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)模態(tài)分析。并根據(jù)有限元分析軟件中的激勵(lì)力識(shí)別逆運(yùn)算法功能,導(dǎo)入測(cè)得的結(jié)構(gòu)上部分位置的振動(dòng)加速度頻譜后,可以計(jì)算出選取的等效激勵(lì)點(diǎn)處的激勵(lì)力。再將激勵(lì)力帶入之前計(jì)算的振動(dòng)響應(yīng)式中,求解出每個(gè)集中質(zhì)量的振動(dòng)速度響應(yīng)。最后,基于點(diǎn)聲源、線聲源的聲輻射公式建立了滾輪傳動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)的聲輻射模型,將整個(gè)滾輪傳動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)的噪聲輻射等效為一個(gè)線聲源和20個(gè)點(diǎn)聲源的聲輻射的疊加。將各點(diǎn)聲源、線聲源的振動(dòng)速度以及結(jié)構(gòu)實(shí)際尺寸帶入聲輻射模型,計(jì)算出滾輪傳動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)輻射聲場(chǎng)中對(duì)應(yīng)試驗(yàn)測(cè)量點(diǎn)的聲壓級(jí)值,并與試驗(yàn)中測(cè)得的該處實(shí)際聲壓級(jí)進(jìn)行對(duì)比。根據(jù)對(duì)比結(jié)果對(duì)模型進(jìn)行優(yōu)化和修正,從而得到了一種較為精確的滾輪傳動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)的噪聲輻射預(yù)測(cè)方法。
[Abstract]:Roller drive mechanism is widely used in industrial production, however, it will produce great vibration and noise pollution in the process of roller transmission, which not only has a certain negative impact on the physical and mental health and working attitude of the staff.It will restrain the increase of productivity.This paper combines experiment and simulation to predict the noise value of roller drive mechanism, and finally a more accurate noise prediction method is obtained.The main work of this paper is as follows: firstly, a set of vibration and noise test scheme is proposed according to the national standard, and the measuring position of vibration signal and noise signal is selected.The vibration and noise signals of roller drive mechanism under steady state and uniform acceleration are collected during the test. The vibration and noise characteristics of roller drive mechanism are studied by analyzing the vibration and noise signals.Secondly, through the analysis of the force between the rollers, it is determined that the vibration response of the roller drive mechanism is mainly caused by the vertical force.The mechanical model of roller drive mechanism in vertical direction is established by means of lumped parameter method, and the vibration differential equation is established according to the mechanical model. Through actual measurement and calculation, the concentrated mass and stiffness of roller drive mechanism are determined.Concentrated damping and other related parameters.Then the vibration velocity response formula with unknown quantity is obtained.Then, according to the actual measurement size, the structural model of the roller drive mechanism is established in CATIA, and the finite element model of the roller drive mechanism is established by using the Hypermesh software to mesh it.Then it is introduced into the finite element analysis software for structural modal analysis.According to the function of the inverse calculation method of force identification in the finite element analysis software, the excitation force at the selected equivalent excitation point can be calculated after introducing the vibration acceleration spectrum of the measured part of the structure.Then the excitation force is introduced into the previously calculated vibration response formula, and the vibration velocity response of each lumped mass is solved.Finally, based on the sound radiation formula of point source and line sound source, the sound radiation model of roller drive mechanism is established. The noise radiation of the whole rolling wheel transmission mechanism is equivalent to the superposition of one line sound source and 20 point sound sources.The vibration velocity of each point source and line sound source as well as the actual size of the structure are brought into the sound radiation model to calculate the sound pressure level of the corresponding test point in the radiation sound field of the roller drive mechanism, and to compare the actual sound pressure level with the actual sound pressure level measured in the test.According to the comparison results, the model is optimized and modified, and a more accurate prediction method of the noise radiation of the roller drive mechanism is obtained.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江蘇大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TH132;TB533.1

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