本文選題：葉片　切入點(diǎn)：干摩擦　出處：《南京航空航天大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)故障有很多，，其中最常見(jiàn)的就是葉片的振動(dòng)導(dǎo)致的故障，大約占到全部發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)故障的三分之一。通過(guò)干摩擦阻尼來(lái)減小葉片的振動(dòng)不僅施行起來(lái)簡(jiǎn)單，而且效果顯著，能夠限制構(gòu)件的應(yīng)力水平，因此在航空發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)、電站汽輪機(jī)、燃?xì)廨啓C(jī)等渦輪機(jī)上得到廣泛的應(yīng)用。深入研究葉片的振動(dòng)特性以及其減振技術(shù)，盡可能的降低葉片的振動(dòng)程度，具有極其重要的理論意義和工程實(shí)際意義。 本文結(jié)合有限元分析方法，在建立三維干摩擦模型的基礎(chǔ)上，編制葉片的振動(dòng)響應(yīng)分析程序，通過(guò)對(duì)各種葉片進(jìn)行理論計(jì)算，分析每個(gè)參數(shù)對(duì)不同葉片振動(dòng)特性的影響，并將對(duì)葉片的減振特性分析擴(kuò)展到葉/盤(pán)結(jié)構(gòu)的葉片模型上，充分考慮了盤(pán)片耦合對(duì)減振效果的影響。本文主要工作如下： （1）在二維整體—局部統(tǒng)一滑動(dòng)模型的基礎(chǔ)上，考慮法向振動(dòng)對(duì)正壓力的影響，引入動(dòng)摩擦系數(shù)和靜摩擦系數(shù)的概念，建立三維整體—局部統(tǒng)一滑動(dòng)模型。 （2）在對(duì)三維運(yùn)動(dòng)模型進(jìn)行求解時(shí)，考慮摩擦力的非線(xiàn)性特征，采用新的干摩擦阻尼等效方案，將接觸面之間的干摩擦力變換為新的等效阻尼及等效剛度，推導(dǎo)出新的等效剛度和等效阻尼的計(jì)算公式。 （3）利用ANSYS軟件的諧響應(yīng)分析功能，結(jié)合VC++和APDL語(yǔ)言，編寫(xiě)了對(duì)應(yīng)于不同類(lèi)型葉片的振動(dòng)響應(yīng)分析程序，用簡(jiǎn)化的帶緣板阻尼器葉片、300平行冠葉片和450鋸齒冠葉片進(jìn)行算例分析，分析正壓力、外激勵(lì)對(duì)減振效果的影響，得到其各自的干摩擦減振特性。 （4）設(shè)計(jì)合理的振動(dòng)響應(yīng)實(shí)驗(yàn)方案，對(duì)300平行冠葉片和450鋸齒冠葉片的干摩擦減振特性進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)分析，為理論計(jì)算提供實(shí)驗(yàn)參照依據(jù)。 （5）應(yīng)用針對(duì)循環(huán)對(duì)稱(chēng)結(jié)構(gòu)在簡(jiǎn)諧激勵(lì)作用下的振動(dòng)響應(yīng)的數(shù)學(xué)求解模型，編寫(xiě)鋸齒冠葉片基于葉/盤(pán)結(jié)構(gòu)的循環(huán)對(duì)稱(chēng)結(jié)構(gòu)分析程序，對(duì)450鋸齒冠葉片進(jìn)行基于葉/盤(pán)結(jié)構(gòu)的減振特性分析。
[Abstract]:There are many engine failures, among which the most common one is the fault caused by blade vibration, which accounts for about 1/3 of all engine failures. Reducing the vibration of blade by dry friction damping is not only simple, but also effective. It can limit the stress level of the components, so it is widely used in aero-engine, power plant steam turbine, gas turbine and so on. The vibration characteristics of the blade and its damping technology are studied in depth to reduce the vibration degree of the blade as much as possible. It is of great theoretical and practical significance. Based on the three-dimensional dry friction model and finite element analysis method, the vibration response analysis program of blade is compiled in this paper. Through theoretical calculation of various blades, the influence of each parameter on the vibration characteristics of different blades is analyzed. The analysis of the vibration absorption characteristics of the blade is extended to the blade model of the blade / disk structure, and the effect of disk coupling on the damping effect is fully considered. The main work of this paper is as follows:. 1) on the basis of two-dimensional global and local unified sliding model, considering the influence of normal vibration on normal pressure, the concepts of dynamic friction coefficient and static friction coefficient are introduced, and a three-dimensional integral and local unified sliding model is established. 2) considering the nonlinear characteristics of friction force, a new dry friction damping equivalent scheme is adopted to transform the dry friction force between contact surfaces into new equivalent damping and equivalent stiffness. A new formula for calculating equivalent stiffness and damping is derived. Using the harmonic response analysis function of ANSYS software and combining VC and APDL language, the program of vibration response analysis corresponding to different types of blades is compiled. The simplified blade with edge plate damper is used to analyze the parallel crown blade and 450 sawtooth crown blade. The effects of positive pressure and external excitation on the damping effect are analyzed and their dry friction characteristics are obtained. 4) A reasonable vibration response experimental scheme is designed. The dry friction vibration absorption characteristics of 300 parallel crown blades and 450 sawtooth crown blades are experimentally analyzed, which provides an experimental reference for theoretical calculation. In this paper, a mathematical solution model for the vibration response of cyclic symmetric structure under harmonic excitation is applied to compile a cyclic symmetric structure analysis program based on blade / disk structure. The vibration absorption characteristics of 450 sawtooth crown blades based on leaf / disk structure were analyzed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京航空航天大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TB535.1

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