本文選題：高速滑坡　切入點：巖石碎屑流　出處：《西華大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：因高速遠程滑坡巖石碎屑流具有流動性強、滑動速度快、波及范圍廣以及滑坡啟動時的突發(fā)性和其運動路徑的不可預測性等眾多特點,使得滑坡發(fā)生地人民的生命財產受到巨大的威脅。目前國內外對這種高速遠程滑坡巖石碎屑流的研究成果頗豐,但是由于其發(fā)生前的早期識別能力較差,使得不能及時、安全的疏散人員,致使這種災難性事件引起的死傷情況仍不斷上演著。因此,對這種高速遠程滑坡碎屑流的堆積物堆積規(guī)律以及其高速遠程的影響因素研究具有重大的現實意義。本文對高速遠程滑坡巖石碎屑流進行室內小尺度物理模型實驗,試圖找出其高速遠程的影響因素以及巖石碎屑流發(fā)生之后的堆積物分布規(guī)律。再利用PFC3D離散元分析軟件對巖石碎屑顆粒滑坡進行模擬,分析滑坡體運行速度、距離的變化情況,并與室內物理模型實驗結果進行比較。再通過對高速遠程滑坡巖石碎屑流的理論研究,推導出滑坡水平運動距離的計算方程式,為以后發(fā)生的高速遠程滑坡碎屑流的水平運動距離預測提供理論上的依據。論文取得的主要成果與結論如下:(1)通過室內物理模型實驗發(fā)現,在相同試驗條件下,同等體量的碎屑顆粒,顆粒的尺寸越大,其水平運動的距離越遠,滑坡體的重心下降的越大,呈現出的流動性越強。并且,粒徑大的巖石顆粒會使得滑坡面產生更大的振動的加速度,且引起振動的速度變化范圍更大,而滑坡面的振幅卻并不隨顆粒粒徑的變化而有所變化。(2)巖石滑坡碎屑流的遠程階段呈現出高速、遠程的運動特點,其影響因素是滑坡體的滑動使得滑坡面產生了振動,從而導致了滑坡體與滑坡面之間的接觸時間減短,則滑坡體在滑行過程中由于摩擦阻力的能量損耗就會降低,最終使得滑行的速度與水平運動的距離增大。而粒徑越大巖石顆粒引起滑坡面振動的頻率越高,則其與滑坡面接觸的時間相比較粒徑小的巖石顆粒更短,最終呈現出了顆粒粒徑越大的滑坡體滑行的速度越快、滑行的距離越遠的現象。(3)將巖石碎屑箱中的顆粒進行豎向分層之后發(fā)現,巖石碎屑顆粒在滑行之后會出現一個非常有趣堆積現象:處在上層的巖石顆粒,不論其運動的最遠距離還是其最終分布的范圍都比位于下層的巖石顆粒更大,并對這種現象的發(fā)生機理進行了分析。對于含有不同級配的巖石碎屑滑坡體,其水平運行的距離、堆積物的堆積長度與堆積寬度只與其中大粒徑巖石顆粒含量有關。(4)利用PFC3D離散元分析軟件對顆粒滑坡體進行模擬滑行之后,得出分層顆�；碌乃俣扰c滑動距離的變化規(guī)律,其結論與室內物理模型實驗的結果相符合。(5)對國內外29個高速遠程滑坡碎屑流的記錄數據進行標準化處理及分析之后得出:滑坡體高程與滑坡水平運行距離之間的關系呈線性的,而滑坡體體積與滑坡體運行距離之間的關系為非線性關系;并對影響滑坡水平運動距離的兩個自變量因素進行分析比較之后認為,影響滑坡體水平運行距離的主要因素是滑坡體高程,次要影響因素是滑坡體體積,兩個自變量回歸分析的復測定系數分別為R2=0.816、R2=0.2933,即滑坡體高程更能影響其水平滑動距離。并由一元線性回歸法得出滑坡體高程與水平運行距離之間方程式,由一元非線性回歸法得出滑坡體體積與運行距離之間方程式。通過分析先確定出滑坡體水平運動距離與其高程、體積的方程形式,再由多元非線性回歸法得出最終的標準回歸方程式。
[Abstract]:Due to the high-speed long-distance landslide rock debris flow has strong liquidity, sliding speed, wide spread and many characteristics of sudden landslides forecast at the start and the movement path, the landslide occurred in people's life and property is under a great threat. Research results at home and abroad on the high-speed long-distance landslide rock the debris flow, but because it occurred before the early recognition ability is poor, which can not be timely, safe evacuation of personnel, resulting in casualties caused by such a catastrophic event continues. Therefore, is of great practical significance for the study of factor accumulation law of this high-speed remote landslide debris flow as well as the influence of the high speed and long distance the paper carries on indoor small scale physical model experiment of high-speed remote landslide rock debris flow, trying to find out the influence factors of rock and its high speed and long distance After the accumulation of debris flow. Then the regularities of distribution of rock landslide debris particles were simulated using the PFC3D discrete element analysis software, analysis of landslide speed, change of the distance, and compared with the experimental results of indoor physical model. Through the theoretical research of high-speed remote landslide debris flow, calculating equation level the landslide motion is derived distance, horizontal movement distance of high-speed remote landslide debris flow occurred after the prediction to provide a theoretical basis. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) through the indoor physical model experiments show that under the same experimental conditions, the same amount of debris particles, particle size is greater. The horizontal movement distance farther, the focus of landslide decline greater liquidity has a stronger. And rock particles of larger diameter makes the landslide surface produce greater vibration The dynamic acceleration and speed change range caused by vibration amplitude changes larger, but not slippery slope with the particle size change. (2) remote stage rock landslide debris flow presents the high speed, movement characteristics of distance, the influence factors of the landslide sliding is the landslide surface vibration, resulting in a short contact time between landslide and landslide, the landslide is in the sliding process due to the energy loss will reduce the friction resistance, eventually making speed and horizontal movement of sliding distance increased. And the particle size of the big stone particles caused a landslide surface vibration frequency is high, the shorter the rock particles with the landslide surface contact time compared to the small size, finally showing the landslide sliding particle size increasing faster, sliding distance farther. (3) the rock debris particles are in the box Find the vertical stratification, rock debris particles will appear a very interesting phenomenon in the accumulation of rock particles in the upper slide after, regardless of the distance of the movement or the final distribution range is larger than the rock particles in the lower layer, and the mechanism of this phenomenon is analyzed. The rock debris landslide with different gradation, the level of running distance, accumulation of accumulation of the length and width of the packing only with large diameter rock particles content. (4) after the body of particles is simulated by PFC3D landslide sliding discrete element analysis software, obtains the variation of speed and sliding distance of layered particle landslide, and the conclusions the indoor physical model test results are consistent. (5) obtained after recording data of 29 domestic and foreign high-speed remote landslide debris flow for processing and analysis of the landslide of high standard: The relationship between the process and the level of landslide running distance is linear, and the relationship between landslide volume and landslide running distance is nonlinear; and the two variables influencing factors of landslide horizontal movement distance are considered analysis, main factors affecting the level of landslide running distance is landslide elevation, secondary effects factors of landslide volume, complex determination of two variable regression coefficients were R2=0.816 and R2=0.2933, which could affect the landslide elevation level and sliding distance. A linear regression equation between the method of landslide body height and horizontal distance running, by a nonlinear regression equation between landslide volume and running distance. Through the analysis to determine the horizontal movement distance and elevation of the landslide, the volume equations by nonlinear regression method to obtain the final Standard regression equation.

【學位授予單位】：西華大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TU45;P642.22

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