本文選題：CCD　切入點：手動/自動CCD電子快門　出處：《電子科技大學》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：在當前CCD相機成像領(lǐng)域中,高動態(tài)范圍、高畫質(zhì)已經(jīng)成為CCD相機的核心競爭力,是當前各大主流品牌CCD相機的一大賣點。由于全自動相機的參數(shù)固定,不能很好地實現(xiàn)在不同場景下的最優(yōu)畫質(zhì)和滿足不同的使用者的需求,所以,發(fā)展出了手動/自動相機。本項目針對機場的進出港航班的降落和起飛情況觀察與記錄、停機坪環(huán)境監(jiān)控開發(fā)了可以實現(xiàn)更高動態(tài)范圍、更大對比度的手動/自動相機,以提高相機的畫面質(zhì)量,使監(jiān)控室能夠及時獲取需要的信息。本文主要研究了CCD相機在不降低動態(tài)范圍的基礎(chǔ)上通過手動調(diào)節(jié)電子快門和增益倍數(shù)以提高整體或觀察者感興趣目標成像質(zhì)量的設(shè)計方案。并對CCD相機的手動控制和自動控制技術(shù)做了深入探討。開篇,本文簡要介紹了光電成像發(fā)展史、介紹了當今主流成像芯片種類和CCD相機的分類及幾種目前常用的相機用電路設(shè)計方法。然后對成像器件和相機做了延伸性的介紹與比較,分析了它們的異同和優(yōu)缺點,介紹了這幾種主流芯片不同的應用場合。在本方案中,成像器件(CCD芯片)采用的是索尼公司研發(fā)生產(chǎn)的具備電子快門功能的內(nèi)線轉(zhuǎn)移隔行輸出芯片ICX259ALL。該芯片能自調(diào)節(jié)襯底電壓和復位基準電平,這三大功能對簡化外圍電路和實現(xiàn)無機械快門以提高成像系統(tǒng)可靠性有舉足輕重的作用,重要性在接下來的篇幅中介紹。隨后介紹該芯片的時序需求和信號處理的具體實現(xiàn)方法和主要器件的原理框圖,并由此為發(fā)端介紹了時序驅(qū)動的實現(xiàn)和信號處理流程。單片機采用PHILIP公司推出的P89LPC931A1_1,該單片機擁有完備的串口通信功能和串行數(shù)據(jù)處理功能,完全能夠滿足本系統(tǒng)的需求。本文詳細探討了單片機配合索尼套件實現(xiàn)電子快門及增益調(diào)節(jié)技術(shù)。然后,對本項目的研制成果——手動/自動CCD相機進行了測試。最后,介紹了測試方法、測試過程和結(jié)果,證明本方案實現(xiàn)的手動/自動相機性能和可靠性兩大方面都滿足合同指標,并對測試結(jié)果進行了分析。
[Abstract]:In the current field of CCD camera imaging, high dynamic range and high picture quality have become the core competitiveness of CCD cameras, and are a major selling point of current mainstream brands of CCD cameras. Unable to achieve optimal picture quality in different scenarios and meet the needs of different users, a manual / automatic camera has been developed. This project aims to observe and record the landing and take-off of inbound and outbound flights at the airport. A manual / automatic camera with higher dynamic range and greater contrast has been developed to improve the picture quality of the apron. In this paper, the CCD camera can improve the imaging quality of the object of interest to the whole or the observer by manually adjusting the electronic shutter and gain multiple without reducing the dynamic range. This paper also discusses the manual control and automatic control technology of CCD camera. This paper briefly introduces the history of optoelectronic imaging, introduces the kinds of mainstream imaging chips, the classification of CCD cameras and several commonly used camera circuit design methods, and then introduces and compares the extensibility of imaging devices and cameras. This paper analyzes their similarities, differences, advantages and disadvantages, and introduces the different applications of these kinds of mainstream chips. The imaging device (CCD chip) uses ICX259ALL, an interlaced output chip with electronic shutter function, developed by Sony. The chip can self-adjust the substrate voltage and reset reference level. These three functions play an important role in simplifying peripheral circuits and realizing mechanical shutter in order to improve the reliability of imaging system. The importance is introduced in the following sections. The timing requirements and signal processing of the chip are introduced, as well as the principle block diagram of the main devices. The realization of timing driver and the signal processing flow are introduced for the beginning. The MCU adopts P89LPC931A1S-1 developed by PHILIP Company, which has complete serial communication function and serial data processing function. The technology of electronic shutter and gain adjustment is discussed in detail in this paper. Then, the research achievement of this project, manual / automatic CCD camera, is tested. The testing method, testing process and results are introduced. It is proved that the performance and reliability of the manual / automatic camera realized by this scheme meet the contract index, and the test results are analyzed.
【學位授予單位】：電子科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TB852.1

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 宋秋冬;林秋月;劉會通;李金龍;;基于FPGA的CCD相機自動增益控制方法及實現(xiàn)[J];紅外與激光工程;2006年S4期

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本文編號：1623436