本文選題：特種車輛　切入點：有源噪聲控制　出處：《浙江大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：特種車輛內(nèi)部噪聲的危害已經(jīng)引起相關(guān)部門的高度重視,利用技術(shù)手段對特種車輛車內(nèi)噪聲進行主動控制,改善車內(nèi)的人機環(huán)境是一項具有重大意義的課題。現(xiàn)有的有源噪聲控制系統(tǒng)多停留在仿真階段,在實際應(yīng)用中難以達到系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計要求�，F(xiàn)有的有源噪聲控制算法依賴于次級通道模型的建立,需要得到次級通道的精確模型是應(yīng)用有源噪聲控制算法的一個嚴(yán)重障礙。針對以上問題,本文的工作主要從以下幾個方面展開： 首先,針對適用于仿真實驗中的LMS自適應(yīng)算法在穩(wěn)定性、降噪效果方面的缺陷,本文對傳統(tǒng)的LMS自適應(yīng)算法加以改進,應(yīng)用FX-LMS算法建立一個自適應(yīng)前饋有源噪聲控制系統(tǒng),采用通過估計次級通道過濾后的參考噪聲信號來代替直接采集到的參考噪聲信號,從而避免因次級通道而產(chǎn)生的延時。并對影響FX-LMS算法性能的因素進行了實驗分析,選取最合適的參數(shù)可以使系統(tǒng)獲得較好的穩(wěn)定性和降噪效果。 其次,鑒于有源噪聲控制算法對次級通道模型的依賴,本文在研究現(xiàn)有基于無次級通道建模的有源噪聲控制算法的基礎(chǔ)上提出了基于同步擾動隨機逼近算法的自適應(yīng)無模型控制方法,克服了因次級通道建模誤差引起的不能穩(wěn)定降噪問題,使有源噪聲控制系統(tǒng)的性能得到有效改善。 由于有源噪聲控制系統(tǒng)中次級聲源和誤差傳聲器的布放對降噪效果影響較大,為了能用較少數(shù)目的次級聲源和誤差傳聲器獲得更好的降噪效果和更大的降噪空間,本文以矩形封閉空間為例,通過在LMS Virtual.Lab Acoustics下對封閉空間內(nèi)有源噪聲控制系統(tǒng)進行建模與仿真分析,對次級聲源和誤差傳聲器的布放策略進行了研究,得出了有源噪聲控制系統(tǒng)中次級聲源和誤差傳聲器布放對系統(tǒng)實際降噪效果的影響規(guī)律,并在此基礎(chǔ)上提出了可行方案。 最后,本文還從系統(tǒng)實現(xiàn)的角度來驗證了基于無次級通道建模的自適應(yīng)ANC算法和有源噪聲控制系統(tǒng)中次級聲源和誤差傳聲器的布放策略。實驗證明,本文構(gòu)建的有源噪聲控制系統(tǒng)能有效降低封閉空間內(nèi)噪聲,系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性較好,達到了系統(tǒng)的預(yù)定設(shè)計目標(biāo)。
[Abstract]:The harm of interior noise of special vehicles has been paid great attention to by relevant departments. The internal noise of special vehicles is actively controlled by technical means. It is of great significance to improve the man-machine environment in the vehicle. The existing active noise control systems stay in the simulation stage. It is difficult to meet the design requirements of the system in practical application. The existing active noise control algorithms depend on the establishment of the secondary channel model. The need to obtain a precise model of secondary channels is a serious obstacle to the application of active noise control algorithms. In view of the above problems, the work of this paper is mainly carried out from the following aspects:. First of all, aiming at the defects of LMS adaptive algorithm in stability and noise reduction, the traditional LMS adaptive algorithm is improved, and an adaptive feedforward active noise control system is established by using FX-LMS algorithm. By estimating the filtered reference noise signal of the secondary channel instead of the directly collected reference noise signal, the delay caused by the secondary channel is avoided, and the factors affecting the performance of the FX-LMS algorithm are analyzed experimentally. Selecting the most suitable parameters can make the system obtain better stability and noise reduction effect. Secondly, in view of the dependence of the active noise control algorithm on the secondary channel model, In this paper, an adaptive model-free control method based on synchronous perturbation stochastic approximation algorithm is proposed on the basis of studying the existing active noise control algorithms without secondary channel modeling. The problem of unstable noise reduction caused by secondary channel modeling error is overcome, and the performance of active noise control system is improved effectively. Because the arrangement of secondary sound sources and error microphones in active noise control system has great influence on the noise reduction effect, in order to obtain better noise reduction effect and greater noise reduction space with fewer secondary sound sources and error microphones, In this paper, taking rectangular closed space as an example, through modeling and simulation analysis of active noise control system in closed space under LMS Virtual.Lab Acoustics, the placement strategy of secondary sound source and error microphone is studied. The influence of secondary sound source and error microphone placement on the actual noise reduction in active noise control system is obtained, and a feasible scheme is put forward. Finally, from the point of view of system implementation, the adaptive ANC algorithm based on non-secondary channel modeling and the placement strategy of secondary sound source and error microphone in active noise control system are verified. The active noise control system constructed in this paper can effectively reduce the noise in the closed space and the stability of the system is good.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TB535

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