本文選題：三維聲納　切入點(diǎn)：分級(jí)波束形成　出處：《浙江大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：利用三維聲納成像技術(shù)可以在水下探測(cè)靜止或運(yùn)動(dòng)目標(biāo)的細(xì)節(jié)特征,并提供多視角觀察,在多個(gè)領(lǐng)域都具備廣泛的應(yīng)用前景。目前的三維聲納實(shí)時(shí)成像裝置主要采用平面陣來(lái)完成聲納掃描,此類(lèi)設(shè)備通常結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜,體積龐大,只能被安裝在船體或拖體上工作,常用于遠(yuǎn)距離高精度的聲納探測(cè)。本文研究開(kāi)發(fā)的水下便攜式三維聲納實(shí)時(shí)成像系統(tǒng)采用線(xiàn)陣技術(shù)完成三維聲納探測(cè),顯著簡(jiǎn)化了系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu),設(shè)備更加輕便,可以勝任精確探測(cè)復(fù)雜水下環(huán)境和水下靈活作業(yè)的任務(wù),在水文調(diào)查、海岸河岸堤壩檢查、水下工程建設(shè)等應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域具有明顯優(yōu)勢(shì)。便攜式三維聲納實(shí)時(shí)成像系統(tǒng)以相互垂直的發(fā)射和接收線(xiàn)陣通過(guò)不同頻率的聲脈沖信號(hào)透射觀察體積。系統(tǒng)采用多板層疊的結(jié)構(gòu),根據(jù)功能劃分出信號(hào)處理板、聲納回波接收板、電源板和基板等部分。系統(tǒng)利用現(xiàn)場(chǎng)可編程邏輯門(mén)陣列(Field Programmable Gate Array, FPGA)控制多路信號(hào)的同步發(fā)射和采樣。聲納回波接收板優(yōu)化了波束形成算法,采用分級(jí)運(yùn)算方式大幅提高聲納信號(hào)處理速度。信號(hào)處理板采用基于低功耗的數(shù)字媒體處理器實(shí)時(shí)完成三維成像和顯示,通過(guò)千兆以太網(wǎng)將成像數(shù)據(jù)傳輸?shù)缴衔粰C(jī)。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,系統(tǒng)能夠?qū)崟r(shí)探測(cè)并準(zhǔn)確顯示水下環(huán)境,距離分辨率達(dá)到3cm,可在40m范圍內(nèi)實(shí)現(xiàn)角度分辨率1.20的三維成像,具有較高的工程實(shí)用價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:Three-dimensional sonar imaging can be used to detect the detailed features of a stationary or moving target under water and to provide multiple perspectives. At present, 3D sonar real-time imaging device mainly uses plane array to complete sonar scanning. This kind of equipment is usually complicated and bulky, and can only be installed on the hull or towing body. The underwater portable 3D sonar real-time imaging system developed in this paper uses linear array technology to complete 3D sonar detection, which greatly simplifies the system structure and makes the equipment more portable. Capable of accurately detecting complex underwater environments and flexible underwater operations, in hydrological surveys, coastal bank embankments inspections, The application field of underwater engineering construction has obvious advantages. The portable 3D sonar real-time imaging system uses a vertical transmission and reception line array to observe the volume of the acoustic pulse signal with different frequencies. The system adopts a multi-plate stacked structure. According to the function, the signal processing board, the sonar echo receiving board, The system uses Field Programmable Gate array (FPGA) to control the synchronous transmission and sampling of multi-channel signals. The sonar echo receiving board optimizes the beamforming algorithm. The speed of sonar signal processing is greatly improved by means of hierarchical operation. The signal processing board uses a low power consumption digital media processor to complete 3D imaging and display in real time. The experimental results show that the system can detect and accurately display the underwater environment in real time, the range resolution is 3 cm, and the 3D imaging of angle resolution 1.20 can be realized in the range of 40 m. It has high engineering practical value.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TB565
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本文編號(hào)：1596119