本文選題：時(shí)間頻率　切入點(diǎn)：光學(xué)頻率　出處：《中國(guó)科學(xué)院研究生院(國(guó)家授時(shí)中心)》2016年博士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：原子鐘是時(shí)間頻率標(biāo)準(zhǔn)產(chǎn)生和保持的重要工具。近年來(lái)隨著激光冷卻、光學(xué)頻率梳等相關(guān)技術(shù)的不斷突破,工作在光頻段的光鐘研究取得重大進(jìn)展,世界多個(gè)研究小組的光鐘頻率穩(wěn)定度和不確定度都突破10-18量級(jí),比目前的一級(jí)頻率標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(頻率基準(zhǔn))——冷原子銫噴泉鐘的不確定度高兩個(gè)量級(jí)。在國(guó)際單位“秒”被重新定義時(shí),光鐘很有可能取代銫鐘成為下一代的時(shí)間頻率基準(zhǔn)。目前基于衛(wèi)星的時(shí)間頻率傳遞方法所能達(dá)到的傳輸相對(duì)穩(wěn)定度最高也在10-16/1日,無(wú)法滿(mǎn)足光鐘輸出光學(xué)頻率的傳遞和比對(duì)需要。而利用光纖傳遞光學(xué)頻率信號(hào)傳輸相對(duì)穩(wěn)定度在1日積分時(shí)間內(nèi)已達(dá)到10-20量級(jí),比現(xiàn)有最好的光鐘的頻率穩(wěn)定度還高2個(gè)量級(jí),足以滿(mǎn)足光鐘頻率信號(hào)傳輸和遠(yuǎn)程比對(duì)的需求。本論文圍繞中國(guó)科學(xué)院國(guó)家授時(shí)中心的光纖光學(xué)頻率傳遞開(kāi)展研究工作,主要研究成果和創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)概括如下:一、開(kāi)展光纖光載波頻率頻率傳遞理論研究,指出影響光頻傳輸相對(duì)穩(wěn)定度的兩大因素是延時(shí)引起的噪聲補(bǔ)償限制和光纖鏈路自身噪聲。首先分析光纖噪聲產(chǎn)生的機(jī)理,利用多普勒消除方法抑制光纖噪聲的原理,通過(guò)建立模型計(jì)算傳輸函數(shù)分析影響頻率傳輸性能的主要因素,得出最終系統(tǒng)的傳輸相對(duì)穩(wěn)定度主要受限于傳輸光纖延時(shí)引起的噪聲補(bǔ)償限制以及光纖鏈路的自身噪聲。二、開(kāi)展光纖光載波頻率傳遞直連傳輸實(shí)驗(yàn),并國(guó)內(nèi)首次在百公里級(jí)實(shí)地光纖上實(shí)現(xiàn)光纖光學(xué)頻率傳遞相對(duì)穩(wěn)定度10-20量級(jí)。首先在1km線(xiàn)繞光纖上實(shí)驗(yàn)演示光載波光纖傳輸?shù)墓饫w噪聲補(bǔ)償。然后利用改進(jìn)后的光纖光載波頻率傳輸裝置在70km實(shí)驗(yàn)室線(xiàn)繞光纖上進(jìn)行1k Hz線(xiàn)寬光載波的傳輸試驗(yàn),測(cè)試相對(duì)穩(wěn)定度(ADEV)秒穩(wěn)達(dá)到1×10-15量級(jí)。傳輸相干光源改用1.9Hz的腔穩(wěn)超窄線(xiàn)寬激光后,在112km的實(shí)地光纖上獲得光載波頻率傳遞的相對(duì)穩(wěn)定度2.5×10-16/1s和4.4×10-20級(jí)/104s。三、光纖光頻長(zhǎng)距離傳遞初步試驗(yàn)研究,包括以光功率放大增大點(diǎn)對(duì)點(diǎn)傳輸距離和以級(jí)聯(lián)傳輸方式實(shí)現(xiàn)遠(yuǎn)距離傳輸。分析比較這兩種方案,提出級(jí)聯(lián)傳遞的中繼站裝置中一種新的信號(hào)光放大/再生方案:以光纖單向摻鉺光纖放大器(EDFA)放大光學(xué)頻率的信號(hào)光,并利用外差探測(cè)補(bǔ)償光功率放大引起的額外激光相位噪聲。實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證該方案能夠低噪聲大增益的放大光信號(hào),保持光學(xué)頻率信號(hào)的高穩(wěn)定度,比現(xiàn)有的中繼站方案結(jié)構(gòu)更簡(jiǎn)單,成本更低。四、光纖光頻傳遞多用戶(hù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)化傳輸研究,提出一種新的光纖噪聲用戶(hù)端補(bǔ)償方案,研究利用這種新方案構(gòu)建光頻傳輸網(wǎng)絡(luò)。首先分析將光纖光頻傳輸網(wǎng)絡(luò)劃分為三種基本結(jié)構(gòu):環(huán)形結(jié)構(gòu)、星形結(jié)構(gòu)和樹(shù)形結(jié)構(gòu)。提出一種可用于樹(shù)形分支結(jié)構(gòu)的光頻傳輸用戶(hù)端補(bǔ)償方案,在50km光纖上應(yīng)用用戶(hù)端補(bǔ)償?shù)墓饫w光學(xué)頻率傳輸相對(duì)穩(wěn)定度達(dá)到秒穩(wěn)6.9×10-17,萬(wàn)秒穩(wěn)3.0×10-18,與源端補(bǔ)償方案相對(duì)穩(wěn)定度接近。利用這種用戶(hù)端補(bǔ)償方案構(gòu)建光頻傳輸網(wǎng)絡(luò)的三種基本結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)更為簡(jiǎn)單,各用戶(hù)的獨(dú)立性更強(qiáng)。
[Abstract]:The atomic clock is an important tool to generate and maintain the standard time and frequency. In recent years, with the breakthrough of laser cooling, optical frequency comb and other related technology, has made great progress in the study of optical optical clock frequency, a team of the world optical clock frequency stability and the uncertainty has exceeded 10-18 magnitude, than a level the current standard frequency (frequency standard) - Cold Atomic cesium fountain clock, the uncertainty of the two order of magnitude higher. Be redefined in the international unit second, optical clock is likely to replace a cesium clock time and frequency standard of the next generation. The current transmission based on satellite time and frequency transfer method can achieve the relative stability of the highest degree in 10-16/1 days, can not meet the optical clock frequency of the output optical transmission and comparison. While using fiber optical transmission frequency of signal transmission relative stability in 1 days time has reached 10-20 points Level is higher than the current best optical clock frequency stability of 2 orders of magnitude, sufficient to meet the optical clock frequency signal transmission and remote on demand. This paper studies optical fiber transmission frequency Chinese national time service center, Academy of Sciences, the main research results and innovations are as follows: first, to carry out optical carrier frequency of transfer theory research, pointed out that the effect of light transmission frequency stability degree of the two factors is caused by the delay noise compensation limit and fiber link noise. Firstly, its mechanism of fiber noise, using the Doppler elimination principle of noise suppression in optical fiber method, through the establishment of model calculation analysis of main factors affecting the transmission performance of frequency transfer function finally, the transmission system of the relative stability is mainly due to limited to the transmission of optical fiber delay noise compensation limit and fiber link self noise. Two, carry out the optical carrier frequency transfer direct transfer experiments, and for the first time in the domestic level of hundreds of kilometers to realize optical fiber field frequency transfer stability degree 10-20 magnitude. First in the 1km line around the optical fiber noise compensation experimental demonstration of optical carrier optical fiber transmission. Then the transmission test in the Laboratory of 70km wound by optical fiber 1K the Hz linewidth optical carrier using fiber optical carrier frequency transmission device improved, relative stability test (ADEV) to 1 x 10-15 seconds steady magnitude. Transmission coherent light source switch to 1.9Hz unstable resonator of ultra narrow linewidth laser, optical carrier frequency transfer relative stability of 2.5 * 10-16/1s and 4.4 * 10-20 /104s. three in the field of optical fiber 112km, optical frequency long distance experiment of transmission, including optical power amplifier to increase point-to-point transmission distance and long-distance transmission in cascade transmission. It is compared These two schemes, a new signal light amplification / regeneration scheme of relay station device proposed in cascade transmission: unidirectional fiber erbium doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) signal light amplification optical frequency, and the use of optical heterodyne detection laser extra power amplifier compensation caused by phase noise. Experimental results show that this scheme can amplify optical signals low noise high gain, keep the optical frequency signal with high stability, than the existing relay station scheme has the advantages of simpler structure, lower cost. Four, research on the transmission network of optical fiber transmission frequency, proposes a new end user fiber noise compensation scheme, optical transmission network construction research using this new scheme. Firstly, the fiber optical frequency transmission network is divided into three basic structures: ring structure, star and tree structure is proposed. Which can be used in optical frequency transmission end user tree structure compensation scheme in the 50km fiber optical fiber transmission frequency application user end compensation relative stability reached second steady 6.9 x 10-17, 3 x 10-18 million seconds steady, and the source of compensation scheme is relatively stable. Close to three basic structures of constructing optical transmission network by the end user frequency compensation scheme when the structure is more simple, more independent each of the users.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)科學(xué)院研究生院(國(guó)家授時(shí)中心)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TB939

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本文編號(hào)：1565975