本文關(guān)鍵詞： 心肌運(yùn)動(dòng)軌跡 心動(dòng)周期 相關(guān)分析 二維動(dòng)態(tài)規(guī)劃　出處：《安徽農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：心臟病是目前危害人類健康和威肋病人生命的常見病、多發(fā)病。隨著我國(guó)人口老齡化的到來,心血管疾病的發(fā)病率和死亡人數(shù)逐年上升。醫(yī)學(xué)影像技術(shù)的廣泛使用,使心血管疾病的診斷水平顯著提高。超聲心動(dòng)圖的使用對(duì)心血管疾病的診斷具有重要的參考價(jià)值。超聲波診斷具有操作簡(jiǎn)單、及時(shí)、耗費(fèi)低廉等特點(diǎn),并且對(duì)人體兀電離輻射的損傷。在超聲心動(dòng)圖的研究中,心臟運(yùn)動(dòng)的軌跡一直是心肌評(píng)價(jià)的研究重點(diǎn),因此超聲波心動(dòng)圖研究的關(guān)鍵是心肌運(yùn)動(dòng)軌跡追蹤的方法研究。首先通過M型超聲波對(duì)心臟進(jìn)行掃描得到超聲波信號(hào),并對(duì)超聲波進(jìn)行一系列變換,得到信號(hào)的瞬時(shí)相位變化,來計(jì)算心肌上每個(gè)采樣點(diǎn)的瞬時(shí)速度,利用瞬時(shí)速度模型來跟蹤心肌運(yùn)動(dòng)的軌跡。為了得到更加接近真實(shí)的心肌運(yùn)動(dòng)軌跡,論文的主要研究?jī)?nèi)容分為以下兩個(gè)部分：1.提出了基于M型超聲波的心動(dòng)周期自動(dòng)判定方法。根據(jù)心臟跳動(dòng)的周期性律和M型超聲波不同時(shí)刻的相位變化,用相關(guān)分析的方法自動(dòng)判斷出一個(gè)心動(dòng)周期。對(duì)臨床上的13例M型超聲波的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了心動(dòng)周期的自動(dòng)判定實(shí)驗(yàn)。并將相關(guān)分析方法和醫(yī)生的手工操作結(jié)果進(jìn)行比較,對(duì)相關(guān)分析法進(jìn)行精確度評(píng)價(jià)和一致性檢驗(yàn),結(jié)果表明用相關(guān)分析法對(duì)心動(dòng)周期進(jìn)行自動(dòng)檢測(cè)有較高的精確度,可以代替醫(yī)生的手工操作,并為后面的心肌軌跡追蹤提供可靠的參數(shù)。2.建立了心肌運(yùn)動(dòng)軌跡追蹤的二維動(dòng)態(tài)規(guī)劃模型。在傳統(tǒng)的一維動(dòng)態(tài)規(guī)劃方法的基礎(chǔ)上,加入心肌層之間的收縮特性。這個(gè)二維動(dòng)態(tài)規(guī)劃模型不但具有一維動(dòng)態(tài)規(guī)劃的全局最優(yōu)性,減小了超聲波信號(hào)中斑點(diǎn)和噪聲的影響,同時(shí)也使軌跡的追蹤結(jié)果更符合真實(shí)值。最后進(jìn)行了模型評(píng)價(jià),對(duì)臨床上26組M型超聲波心動(dòng)圖的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn),分別為13個(gè)室間隔數(shù)據(jù)和13個(gè)左室后壁數(shù)據(jù),分別用二維動(dòng)態(tài)規(guī)劃模型、一維的動(dòng)態(tài)規(guī)劃方法和醫(yī)生的手工操作對(duì)這26組數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行心肌運(yùn)動(dòng)軌跡追蹤,追蹤的起始點(diǎn)保持一致。用二維動(dòng)態(tài)規(guī)劃模型和有經(jīng)驗(yàn)醫(yī)生的手工操作結(jié)果進(jìn)行對(duì)比,證明木文提出的方法具有較高的精確度,以及代替醫(yī)生手工操作的能力,可以降低追蹤誤差,提高心血管疾病診斷的效率。又將二維動(dòng)態(tài)規(guī)劃模型和傳統(tǒng)的一維動(dòng)態(tài)規(guī)劃方法進(jìn)行對(duì)比,證明二維動(dòng)態(tài)規(guī)劃模型得出的心肌運(yùn)動(dòng)軌跡曲線的質(zhì)量和精確度都比使用一維的動(dòng)態(tài)規(guī)劃方法要好。
[Abstract]:Heart disease is a common disease that endangers human health and the life of Willy patients. With the coming of aging population in China, the incidence of cardiovascular disease and the death toll are increasing year by year. The use of echocardiography has important reference value for the diagnosis of cardiovascular disease. Ultrasonic diagnosis has the characteristics of simple operation, timely operation, low cost and so on. In the study of echocardiography, the track of heart motion has always been the focus of myocardial evaluation. Therefore, the key to the study of echocardiography is to study the method of track tracing of myocardial motion. Firstly, the ultrasonic signal is obtained by scanning the heart with M-mode ultrasound, and a series of changes of ultrasonic wave are carried out to obtain the instantaneous phase change of the signal. To calculate the instantaneous velocities of each sampling point on the myocardium, and track the motion of the myocardium using the instantaneous velocity model. The main research contents of this paper are as follows: 1. An automatic method of judging cardiac cycle based on M-mode ultrasound is proposed. According to the periodic rhythm of heart beat and the phase change of M-mode ultrasound at different times, A cardiac cycle was automatically judged by correlation analysis. The automatic judgement experiment of cardiac cycle was carried out on 13 cases of M-mode ultrasound data in clinic. The correlation analysis method was compared with the results of the doctor's manual operation. The accuracy evaluation and consistency test of correlation analysis method show that the automatic detection of cardiac cycle by correlation analysis method has high accuracy and can replace the manual operation of doctors. A two-dimensional dynamic programming model for myocardial track tracking is established. Based on the traditional one-dimensional dynamic programming method, the following parameters are provided. This two-dimensional dynamic programming model not only has the global optimality of one-dimensional dynamic programming, but also reduces the influence of speckle and noise in ultrasonic signal. At the same time, the tracking results were more consistent with the true value. Finally, the model was evaluated, and 26 groups of M-mode echocardiographic data were tested, which were 13 ventricular septal data and 13 left ventricular posterior wall data, respectively. Two dimensional dynamic programming model, one dimensional dynamic programming method and manual operation of doctors were used to track the myocardial motion trajectory of 26 groups of data. The starting point of tracking is the same. The comparison between the two-dimensional dynamic programming model and the manual operation results of experienced doctors proves that the method proposed in this paper has high accuracy and the ability to replace the manual operation of doctors. It can reduce the tracking error and improve the efficiency of cardiovascular disease diagnosis. The two-dimensional dynamic programming model is compared with the traditional one-dimensional dynamic programming method. It is proved that the quality and accuracy of the two dimensional dynamic programming model is better than that of one dimensional dynamic programming method.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：R540.45;TB559

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