本文關(guān)鍵詞： 液化天然氣 冷能 冷庫 冷水　出處：《華南理工大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著我國天然氣產(chǎn)業(yè)的飛速發(fā)展，LNG衛(wèi)星站遍地開花，LNG衛(wèi)星站多建在用氣大戶周圍，以方便用戶用氣。鋁廠是LNG氣化站的客戶之一，在生產(chǎn)的過程中，要消耗的大量的天然氣，同時鋁廠需要大量的冷水用于氧化車間冷卻，食堂需要冷庫保鮮。而LNG在氣化的過程中會釋放大量的冷能，若將LNG冷能用于鋁廠食堂保鮮和車間冷卻，能減少能耗，節(jié)約電能，具有良好的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益和社會效益。 本文通過對適合LNG衛(wèi)星站的冷能用于冷庫-冷水的聯(lián)合工藝進(jìn)行研究，設(shè)計了冷庫換熱和冷水換熱并聯(lián)管程、冷媒直接向冷庫供冷的LNG冷能利用工藝方案。其優(yōu)勢在于可以實(shí)現(xiàn)根據(jù)冷庫和冷水的需冷變化調(diào)節(jié)LNG冷能在兩者之間的定量分配，避免了中間冷媒與冷庫制冷劑換熱時的熱損失，提高系統(tǒng)的冷能利用率。通過冷媒比選，確定60%乙醇溶液作為方案中與LNG換熱的中間冷媒。通過對冷媒循環(huán)系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計，使系統(tǒng)能自動根據(jù)LNG氣化量的波動調(diào)節(jié)冷媒的流量，自動根據(jù)冷庫和冷水需冷量的變化調(diào)節(jié)乙醇流量在兩者之間的分配，從而保證了冷媒循環(huán)的順利安全進(jìn)行。針對本工藝采用火用分析進(jìn)行了熱力學(xué)分析，通過各物流和操作單元的火用計算，和對兩臺換熱器的冷熱物流溫度及其換熱溫差分布分析，得到以1atm，25℃為平衡態(tài)的各物理的火用值和兩臺換熱器的火用效率。 以廣亞鋁業(yè)LNG氣化站潛在的周圍的冷能用戶為背景，對LNG冷能用于冷庫和冷水工藝的工程設(shè)計進(jìn)行了研究。氣化站的最大氣化量2000Nm3規(guī)模時，冷媒循環(huán)系統(tǒng)可向冷庫供冷16kW，生產(chǎn)22000kg/h的5℃的冷水，供應(yīng)氧化車間。通過Aspen模擬軟件可知：LNG-乙醇溶液換熱器的換熱面積為64m2，，熱負(fù)荷為325kW，乙醇溶液-水換熱器熱面積為320m2，熱負(fù)荷為305kW。通過操作彈性分析，確定了系統(tǒng)供冷的穩(wěn)定性和安全性。本項(xiàng)目總投資250萬元，依據(jù)建立的工程方案的能量評估方法和冷量計算數(shù)學(xué)模型，進(jìn)行了本方案的節(jié)能效益評估，結(jié)果表明可實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)效益47萬元/年。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of China's natural gas industry, LNG WeiXing Railway Station built in WeiXing Railway Station LNG blossom everywhere, with a large gas around, for the convenience of users with gas. Aluminum is one of the LNG gasification station customers in the production process, to a large number of natural gas consumption, and need large amount of aluminum oxide for cold water cooling workshop the dining room needs, cold storage preservation. LNG will release a lot of cold energy in the gasification process, if the LNG can be used for cold preservation and cooling plant canteen workshop, can reduce energy consumption, save energy, and has good economic benefit and social benefit.
This article through to the WeiXing Railway Station for LNG cold can be used for combined process of cold - cold storage, cold storage design of heat exchanger and cold water heat exchanger parallel pipe, refrigerant directly to the cold storage cooling of LNG cold energy utilization process. Its advantage is that can achieve quantitative distribution adjustment according to the requirement of LNG cold cold cold storage and cold water change in between the two, to avoid the middle refrigerant and cold refrigerant heat when the heat loss, improve the system of cold energy utilization. Through refrigerant selection, determine the middle refrigerant 60% ethanol solution as the solution and LNG heat exchanger. Through the design of the refrigerant circulation system, the system can automatically adjust the refrigerant according to LNG gasification amount fluctuation flow distribution automatically according to the change of the chilling requirement of cold storage and cold water regulating flow of ethanol in between, so as to ensure the smooth and safe refrigerant circulation. According to the process of fire The thermodynamic analysis is carried out. Through the exergy calculation of each logistics and operation unit, and the distribution analysis of the heat and cold flow temperature and heat transfer temperature difference of two heat exchangers, the exergy values of all physical and the exergy efficiency of the two heat exchangers at 1atm, 25 C are obtained.
In Guangya aluminium LNG gasification station potential around the cold energy users as the background for cold storage and cold water process engineering design of LNG cold energy was studied. The maximum amount of 2000Nm3 gasification station gasification scale, a refrigerant circulation system for 16kW cold to cold storage, cold water production 22000kg/h of 5 DEG C, the supply of workshop. By Aspen simulation software shows: LNG- ethanol solution heat exchanger area is 64m2, the heat load is 325kW, ethanol - water heat exchanger heat area 320m2, heat load for 305kW. by operating the elastic analysis, determine the system stability and safety of cooling. The total investment is 2 million 500 thousand yuan on the basis of energy project evaluation methods, established the mathematical model and calculation of refrigeration capacity, evaluate the energy efficiency of this scheme, results show that can achieve economic benefits 470 thousand yuan / year.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：華南理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TE64;TB657

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