【摘要】：氣候一直是影響建筑產(chǎn)生與發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵性要素�，F(xiàn)階段，能源與環(huán)境問(wèn)題已經(jīng)成為制約人類進(jìn)一步發(fā)展的巨大障礙，技術(shù)的進(jìn)步在為人們提供前所未有的消費(fèi)驅(qū)動(dòng)力的同時(shí)，加劇了不可再生資源的消耗與環(huán)境危機(jī)。因此，改變傳統(tǒng)思維觀念，恢復(fù)建筑與氣候的良性互動(dòng)關(guān)系，是建筑走可持續(xù)發(fā)展之路的基礎(chǔ)。我國(guó)人口數(shù)量大，幅員廣，地區(qū)差異十分顯著，氣候條件、地理環(huán)境、自然資源、城鄉(xiāng)建設(shè)與經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展、人均收入、生活水平與社會(huì)習(xí)俗等都有著巨大的差異，，也造成了對(duì)各地建筑的不同需求。因此，針對(duì)特定地區(qū)社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)技術(shù)發(fā)展水平、氣候等客觀條件，系統(tǒng)地從建筑形態(tài)、空間組織、構(gòu)造體系、氣候資源利用技術(shù)等方面研究如何通過(guò)建筑設(shè)計(jì)全過(guò)程提高建筑熱環(huán)境質(zhì)量并節(jié)約能耗是行業(yè)發(fā)展的必由之路。 本文從人、建筑與氣候的關(guān)系入手，由于建筑是人類獲得舒適氣候環(huán)境的補(bǔ)償性手段，勢(shì)必要作為界面和載體對(duì)人需要的舒適熱環(huán)境與室外氣候要素之間進(jìn)行聯(lián)系，由此作為切入點(diǎn)形成整體的西部高原低能耗建筑氣候營(yíng)造方法的理論支撐。采用氣候營(yíng)造的方法設(shè)計(jì)低能耗建筑，正是在這一理論的基礎(chǔ)上，通過(guò)完整的營(yíng)造方法和過(guò)程，整合各具體的建筑設(shè)計(jì)策略和技術(shù)措施，形成適宜當(dāng)?shù)氐慕ㄖI(yíng)造模式。 本文的研究范圍主要集中在以被動(dòng)式設(shè)計(jì)為主的氣候營(yíng)造方法在西部高原氣候條件下的適宜性和應(yīng)用模式。研究中通過(guò)對(duì)西部高原地區(qū)氣候參數(shù)共性特征歸納和分化規(guī)律提��；對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)噩F(xiàn)有城鄉(xiāng)建筑大規(guī)模實(shí)地勘察和主觀反映調(diào)查、建筑環(huán)境質(zhì)量和能耗等指標(biāo)的詳細(xì)測(cè)試；對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)貍鹘y(tǒng)民居氣候適應(yīng)性營(yíng)造策略的提煉和評(píng)價(jià)等方法，使之作為西部高原低能耗建筑氣候營(yíng)造的基本依據(jù)，提煉出適合于西部高原地區(qū)自然與氣候條件、民族文化習(xí)俗、社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展?fàn)顩r、和建筑業(yè)綜合技術(shù)水平的低能耗建筑氣候營(yíng)造方法和模式，以實(shí)現(xiàn)在滿足基本熱舒適條件下建筑的采暖和空調(diào)能耗最小化。從而完成西部高原低能耗建筑氣候營(yíng)造的方法建構(gòu)，使現(xiàn)有的各種具體被動(dòng)式建筑設(shè)計(jì)策略可以在完整的系統(tǒng)下配合作用，最后通過(guò)氣候分析軟件和動(dòng)態(tài)建筑能耗模擬分析軟件預(yù)測(cè)氣候營(yíng)造的節(jié)能效果，圖像化的展示典型選取地建筑方案的氣候營(yíng)造策略的適用程度，從而完成了對(duì)這種設(shè)計(jì)方法的全過(guò)程探討。
[Abstract]:Climate has always been a key factor affecting the emergence and development of buildings. At present, energy and environment problems have become a great obstacle to the further development of human beings. The progress of technology not only provides unprecedented consumption driving force for people, but also intensifies the consumption of non-renewable resources and environmental crisis. Therefore, it is the foundation of sustainable development to change the traditional thinking and restore the positive interaction between architecture and climate. Our country has a large population, a wide area, significant regional differences, great differences in climate conditions, geographical environment, natural resources, urban and rural construction and economic development, per capita income, living standards and social customs, etc. It also creates a different demand for buildings everywhere. Therefore, in view of the level of social, economic and technological development, climate and other objective conditions in a given region, systematically from the architectural form, spatial organization, structural system, How to improve the quality of building thermal environment and save energy consumption through the whole process of architectural design is the only way for the development of the industry. This paper starts with the relationship between man, architecture and climate. Because architecture is a compensatory means for people to obtain comfortable climate environment, it is bound to be used as an interface and carrier to link the comfortable thermal environment needed by human beings with the elements of outdoor climate. Therefore, as a starting point to form the whole of the western plateau low-energy building climate construction method theoretical support. It is on the basis of this theory that the method of climate construction is adopted to design low energy consumption buildings. Through the complete construction methods and processes, the concrete architectural design strategies and technical measures are integrated to form a suitable local building construction mode. The research scope of this paper is mainly focused on the suitability and application model of the passive design method in the western plateau climate. In the study, the common characteristics of climate parameters in the western plateau region are summarized and the rules of differentiation are extracted, the large-scale field survey and subjective reflection investigation of the existing urban and rural buildings in the area, the detailed test of the building environmental quality and energy consumption are carried out in detail. The methods of extracting and evaluating the climate adaptability of the local traditional residential buildings are used as the basic basis for the climate construction of the low energy consumption buildings in the western plateau, and the natural and climatic conditions, national cultural customs and customs suitable for the western plateau area are abstracted. In order to realize the minimum energy consumption of building heating and air conditioning under the basic thermal comfort conditions, the method and mode of building climate construction with low energy consumption and comprehensive technical level of construction industry are introduced. In order to complete the construction of the climate construction method of the low-energy building in the western plateau, the existing passive architectural design strategies can be coordinated under the complete system. Finally through the climate analysis software and the dynamic building energy consumption simulation analysis software to predict the climate construction energy saving effect, the image display the climate construction strategy suitable degree of the typical selected construction plan. Thus, the whole process of this design method is discussed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安建筑科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TU201.5;TU119


本文編號(hào)：2383721