【摘要】：進入21世紀,隨著科學技術的蓬勃發(fā)展和不斷進步,以知識創(chuàng)新為顯著特征的新經(jīng)濟形態(tài)正在快速發(fā)展成長起來,科技創(chuàng)新越來越成為推動經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展的關鍵力量。在科學技術迅猛發(fā)展的今天,誰先掌握了先進的科學技術,誰就掌握了經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的主動權。發(fā)達國家的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展事實,充分證明了科技創(chuàng)新對社會經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的重要推動作用,而科技創(chuàng)新必須依靠一批具有國際先進水平的科技領軍人才來實現(xiàn)。通常,我們將物質資本投資20倍于人力資本投資的做法叫做“物質資本積累優(yōu)先戰(zhàn)略”；將物質資本投資7倍于人力資本投資的做法叫做“人力資本積累優(yōu)先戰(zhàn)略”。發(fā)達國家經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的歷史已經(jīng)證明,自主知識產(chǎn)權和科技創(chuàng)新成果的資本化已經(jīng)成為發(fā)達國家實現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟飛快增長、獲取巨大剩余價值的主要手段,人力資本對經(jīng)濟增長的貢獻率已遠遠超過物質資本對經(jīng)濟增長的貢獻率。而人力資本,就是人才通過學習、實踐所凝聚的知識和能力。人才是一種戰(zhàn)略資本,是推動地區(qū)經(jīng)濟可持續(xù)發(fā)展的決定性資本。作為知識經(jīng)濟時代的核心——人才的開發(fā)越來越重要。從某種意義上講,經(jīng)濟實力、綜合國力的競爭,就是科技領軍人才創(chuàng)造速度和創(chuàng)造效率的競爭,誰擁有的科技領軍人才越多,誰就越先掌握了高精尖的科學技術,誰就搶占了經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的主動權和制高點。一個國家的興衰成敗與是否具有一支規(guī)模宏大、競爭力強的科技領軍人才隊伍密切相關。天津市現(xiàn)在正處于濱海新區(qū)開發(fā)開放的關鍵時期,而科技與經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展靠的是人才,尤其是科技領軍人才。而與國內(nèi)外的先進城市相比,天津市在科技領軍人才的數(shù)量和質量上都存在較大的差距,高新技術領域的快速發(fā)展急切需要大批的科技領軍人才,天津市對科技領軍人才的培養(yǎng)和開發(fā)工作迫在眉睫。本文在閱讀大量的文獻基礎上,總結出影響科技領軍人才成長的關鍵因素,并以天津市的科技領軍人才為調研對象,對影響科技領軍人才的關鍵因素進行了排序。在借鑒美國、日本等發(fā)達國家和上海、江蘇等先進省市的科技領軍人才培養(yǎng)和開發(fā)機制的同時,立足于天津市科技領軍人才培養(yǎng)與開發(fā)的現(xiàn)狀,總結了科技領軍人才培養(yǎng)與開發(fā)的經(jīng)驗,找出天津市在人才培養(yǎng)政策中存在的問題,提出了天津市科技領軍人才培養(yǎng)政策建議,為天津市科技領軍人才培養(yǎng)開發(fā)政策的制定提供了理論依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:In the 21st century, with the vigorous development and continuous progress of science and technology, the new economic form characterized by knowledge innovation is developing rapidly, and scientific and technological innovation is becoming the key force to promote the economic and social development. With the rapid development of science and technology, whoever first grasps the advanced science and technology will master the initiative of economic development. The fact of economic development in developed countries has fully proved that scientific and technological innovation plays an important role in promoting social and economic development, and scientific and technological innovation must be realized by relying on a group of scientific and technological leaders with international advanced level. In general, we call physical capital investment 20 times as much as human capital investment as "material capital accumulation priority strategy", and physical capital investment 7 times human capital investment as "human capital accumulation priority strategy". The history of economic development in developed countries has proved that capitalization of independent intellectual property rights and scientific and technological innovation achievements has become the main means for developed countries to achieve rapid economic growth and obtain huge surplus value. The contribution rate of human capital to economic growth has far exceeded the contribution rate of material capital to economic growth. And human capital, is talent through study, practice condensed knowledge and ability. Talent is a kind of strategic capital and the decisive capital to promote the sustainable development of regional economy. As the core of the era of knowledge economy, the development of talents is becoming more and more important. In a sense, the competition between economic strength and comprehensive national strength is the competition between the speed and efficiency of the creation of scientific and technological leaders. The more scientific and technological leaders have, the more advanced science and technology will be mastered first. Who grabs the initiative and commanding height of economic development. The success or failure of a country is closely related to whether it has a large and competitive contingent of scientific and technological leaders. Tianjin is now in the critical period of development and opening up of Binhai New area, and the development of science and technology and economy depends on talents, especially scientific and technological leaders. Compared with the advanced cities at home and abroad, Tianjin has a big gap in the quantity and quality of scientific and technological leaders, and the rapid development of high-tech fields urgently needs a large number of scientific and technological leaders. It is urgent to train and develop scientific and technological leaders in Tianjin. On the basis of reading a large number of documents, this paper summarizes the key factors that affect the growth of scientific and technological leaders, and takes the scientific and technological leaders in Tianjin as the research object, and makes a ranking of the key factors affecting the scientific and technological leaders. While learning from the scientific and technological leadership training and development mechanism of developed countries such as the United States, Japan and other advanced provinces and cities such as Shanghai and Jiangsu, they are based on the present situation of training and development of scientific and technological leaders in Tianjin. This paper summarizes the experience of the cultivation and development of scientific and technological leaders, finds out the problems existing in the policy of talents training in Tianjin, and puts forward some policy suggestions for the cultivation of scientific and technological leaders in Tianjin. It provides a theoretical basis for the development policy of Tianjin scientific and technological leaders.
【學位授予單位】：天津科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：C964.2

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