CALYPSO結(jié)構(gòu)預(yù)測(cè)方法在高壓材料和行星科學(xué)中的幾個(gè)典型應(yīng)用
[Abstract]:The theoretical prediction of condensed matter structure is a challenging subject in materials, physics and chemistry. Based on particle swarm optimization (PSO), the author and other members of the research group proposed and developed the Carripsos (CALYPSO) structure prediction method by introducing the bond-forming characteristic matrix of structural representation. The CALYPSO structure prediction software with independent intellectual property rights has been developed and has become an important method and tool in the field of international structure prediction. On this basis, the typical systems of materials and planetary science are studied in this paper, and the following innovative results are obtained: 1. Bismuth tritelluride (Bi2Te3) is a kind of excellent thermoelectric material and a typical topological insulator under atmospheric pressure. Since 1972, it has been found that there are two structural phase transitions in Bi2Te3 at high pressure, accompanied by the appearance of superconductivity. To understand the origin of superconductivity, it is necessary to understand the structure of the new phase at high voltage. In this paper, the independently developed CALYPSO structure prediction method is used to predict that the two high pressure phases of Bi2Te3 are monoclinic structures with 7 coordinated bismuth and 8 coordinated bismuth, respectively, and confirmed by high pressure X-ray diffraction experiments. The research work has solved the difficult problem of Bi2Te3 high pressure structure which has been puzzling for nearly 40 years. At more than 144000 atmospheres, it is found that Bi2Te3 is transformed into a Bi- Te substitute alloy with disordered body-centered cubic structure. 2. As a long-term topic in physics, chemistry and planetary science, the decompression molecular dissociation of diatomic molecular solids has long been the focus of attention. In this paper, the diatomic molecular dissociation of solid oxygen is theoretically realized at 19 million atmospheres by using CALYPSO structure prediction method, and the solid oxygen is transformed into a spiral chain atomic phase structure. Surprisingly, the molecular dissociation of solid oxygen leads to the transition of solid oxygen from metal to insulating phase, contrary to the traditional idea of high pressure metallization. 3. The study shows that 90% of the xenon (Xe) is missing in the Earth's atmosphere, which is known as "Missing Xe Paradox" in planetary science, or "the enigma of the disappearance of xenon". It is generally believed that Xe is stored in the interior of the earth, but the location and shape of the existence is a subject of long controversy in the field of geoscience. It is considered that Xe and iron (the main elements in the core) cannot react to form stable compounds, which excludes the possibility of Xe stored in the core. By using CALYPSO structure prediction method, it is proposed that Xe can react with iron and nickel at the pressure and temperature in the core for the first time to form a series of stable compounds (for example, XeFe3, XeFe5, XeNi3, XeNi5, etc.). The results of this paper refute the previous conclusion that Xe and iron cannot react, and that the core can be a hiding place for xenon, which may provide an answer to the mystery of the disappearance of xenon. 4. The core of the earth is composed of 85% of iron, 5% of nickel and 10% of light elements. Oxygen is also one of the main light elements in the core. For a long time, it has been widely believed that ferrite compounds that exist stably in inland nuclei are FeO. However, the form in which ferrite compounds exist in the inland nuclear environment remains to be explored. We have studied the possible forms of elemental oxygen in iron-rich environments in inland nuclei by using CALYPSO structure prediction method. The study found that ferrite compounds stably present in inland nuclei are not generally considered FeO, but should be Fe3O. This work provides an important theoretical basis for people to understand the structure of the earth's core.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】:O521.2
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