發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-14 12:26

【摘要】：錐盤是金屬帶式無(wú)級(jí)變速器的關(guān)鍵零件，數(shù)控立式車磨復(fù)合加工中心是生產(chǎn)加工該零件的核心裝備。目前市場(chǎng)上此類裝備的設(shè)計(jì)制造被少數(shù)發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家壟斷，加快研制具有自主知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)的CVT錐盤高速精密車磨復(fù)合加工中心，實(shí)現(xiàn)應(yīng)用替代進(jìn)口，對(duì)于推進(jìn)汽車自動(dòng)變速器國(guó)產(chǎn)化，促進(jìn)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整和升級(jí)具有重要意義。 本文依托國(guó)家科技重大專項(xiàng)“數(shù)控立式車磨加工中心”開(kāi)展數(shù)控系統(tǒng)方面的研究工作，主要完成工作如下： 1分析金屬帶式無(wú)級(jí)變速器結(jié)構(gòu)原理及其關(guān)鍵部件CVT錐盤的結(jié)構(gòu)特征，歸納總結(jié)錐盤生產(chǎn)工藝指標(biāo)和復(fù)合加工中心性能技術(shù)指標(biāo)；闡述了機(jī)床機(jī)械本體結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)、主要零部件設(shè)計(jì)及其工作原理，介紹了工件電主軸在車、磨兩種加工狀態(tài)下處于高速旋轉(zhuǎn)及分度定位兩種不同工作模式的設(shè)計(jì)原理；針對(duì)CVT錐盤工藝路線制定了詳細(xì)的機(jī)床控制流程，并提出復(fù)合加工中心控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)要求。 2研究了開(kāi)放式數(shù)控系統(tǒng)模塊式體系結(jié)構(gòu)，從控制系統(tǒng)性能要求、系統(tǒng)可重構(gòu)性及功能可擴(kuò)展性等方面進(jìn)行了構(gòu)建開(kāi)放式數(shù)控系統(tǒng)的必要性分析；分析開(kāi)放式數(shù)控系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)途徑，結(jié)合課題需求，，設(shè)計(jì)了基于PC+運(yùn)動(dòng)控制器結(jié)構(gòu)的開(kāi)放式數(shù)控系統(tǒng)；完成了系統(tǒng)硬件裝置選型、伺服系統(tǒng)閉環(huán)控制模式分析，通過(guò)細(xì)分電路設(shè)計(jì)解決工件電主軸和旋轉(zhuǎn)刀架的精密圓周分度定位問(wèn)題，并完成機(jī)床電氣系統(tǒng)主回路和控制回路的設(shè)計(jì)。 3通過(guò)采用一種新型的基于光電開(kāi)關(guān)的尋邊定位方法實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)CVT錐盤內(nèi)孔直線溝道的在線中心位置找正，闡述了該方法具體設(shè)計(jì)原理并進(jìn)行了試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證；通過(guò)采用精密位移傳感器、專用測(cè)量裝置實(shí)現(xiàn)了錐盤內(nèi)孔孔徑和端面錐度的單工位在線測(cè)量功能；研究了運(yùn)動(dòng)控制器PID整定原理，并進(jìn)行了電機(jī)伺服特性調(diào)試，提高了伺服控制系統(tǒng)的剛性和穩(wěn)定性。 4采用面向?qū)ο筌浖_(kāi)發(fā)技術(shù)，基于.Net平臺(tái)在Visual Studio開(kāi)發(fā)環(huán)境下運(yùn)用C#程序編程語(yǔ)言進(jìn)行控制系統(tǒng)軟件開(kāi)發(fā)，依據(jù)復(fù)合加工特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)軟件功能模塊規(guī)劃；研究運(yùn)動(dòng)控制器動(dòng)態(tài)鏈接庫(kù)調(diào)用機(jī)理，編程實(shí)現(xiàn)了系統(tǒng)軟件通訊連接、文件管理、加工狀態(tài)顯示等主要功能，完成了友好人機(jī)界面的開(kāi)發(fā)設(shè)計(jì)工作。
[Abstract]:Conical disc is the key part of the metal belt CVT, and the NC vertical grinding complex machining center is the core equipment for the production and processing of this part. At present, the design and manufacture of this kind of equipment in the market is monopolized by a few developed countries, so as to speed up the development of the CVT conical disc high-speed precision grinding complex machining center with independent intellectual property rights, and to realize the application of substitute import, so as to promote the localization of auto automatic transmission. Promote industrial structure adjustment and upgrade have important meaning. This paper relies on the national science and technology major project "CNC Vertical Grinding Machining Center" to carry out the research work of NC system. The main work is as follows: 1. Analyze the structure principle of metal belt stepless transmission and the structural characteristics of the key component of CVT cone disc, summarize the production technology index of conical disc and the performance index of compound machining center; This paper expounds the structural characteristics of machine tool mechanical body, the design of main parts and its working principle, and introduces the design principles of two different working modes of workpiece motorized spindle in high speed rotation and indexing position under two kinds of machining states: car and mill. According to the process route of CVT conical disk, the control flow of machine tool is worked out in detail, and the design requirements of control system of compound machining center are put forward. 2 the modular architecture of open NC system is studied, and the performance requirement of control system is discussed. The necessity of constructing open CNC system is analyzed in the aspects of reconfiguration and function expansibility, and the way of realizing open numerical control system is analyzed. The open CNC system based on PC motion controller structure is designed, and the hardware selection of the system and the closed-loop control mode analysis of servo system are completed. The problem of precise circumferential indexing of workpiece motorized spindle and rotary tool holder is solved by subdivision circuit design. The design of the main circuit and the control loop of the electrical system of the machine tool is completed. 3. By adopting a new method of edge finding and locating based on the photoelectric switch, the on-line center position of the straight line channel of the hole in the CVT conical disk is corrected. The design principle of the method is described, and the experiment is carried out, and through the use of precision displacement sensor and special measuring device, the on-line measurement function of the hole aperture and the taper of the end surface of the cone disc is realized. The principle of PID tuning of motion controller is studied, and the servo characteristic of motor is debugged to improve the rigidity and stability of servo control system. Based on .net platform, the control system software is developed with C # programming language under the Visual Studio development environment, and the function module planning of the system software is carried out according to the characteristics of compound machining, and the mechanism of dynamic link library transfer of motion controller is studied. The main functions of the system, such as communication connection, file management, processing state display and so on, are realized by programming, and the development and design of friendly man-machine interface are completed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河南科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TG659

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本文編號(hào)：2182858