本文選題：經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型 + 產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)　； 參考：《山西財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國(guó)自1949年至今先后進(jìn)行過三次外貿(mào)戰(zhàn)略調(diào)整，為當(dāng)時(shí)的對(duì)外貿(mào)易和國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)帶來了顯著增長(zhǎng)�，F(xiàn)如今我國(guó)對(duì)外貿(mào)易發(fā)展中的問題開始顯現(xiàn)，例如外貿(mào)結(jié)構(gòu)不科學(xué)、貿(mào)易方式不合理和外貿(mào)發(fā)展失衡等，同時(shí)國(guó)際國(guó)內(nèi)經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境也在不斷變化，從國(guó)際來看全球經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)低迷、國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)加劇、貿(mào)易摩擦頻發(fā)，而國(guó)內(nèi)壓力主要來自于經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型升級(jí)、傳統(tǒng)比較優(yōu)勢(shì)減弱和外貿(mào)增量不增價(jià)的現(xiàn)狀，因此當(dāng)今外貿(mào)戰(zhàn)略已經(jīng)不適應(yīng)貿(mào)易和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的需要而必須加以調(diào)整。 本文首先評(píng)析了我國(guó)外貿(mào)戰(zhàn)略的歷史演進(jìn)過程，然后采用理論分析、實(shí)證分析和比較分析等方法總結(jié)出對(duì)外貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)略的五個(gè)選擇原則，包括拉動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)，發(fā)揮綜合比較優(yōu)勢(shì)，，融合全球化，促進(jìn)社會(huì)和諧和產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)升級(jí)，最終提出對(duì)外貿(mào)易新戰(zhàn)略和配套的外貿(mào)政策，這對(duì)于我國(guó)由貿(mào)易大國(guó)向貿(mào)易強(qiáng)國(guó)轉(zhuǎn)變、保持對(duì)外貿(mào)易和國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展具有重要意義。 筆者認(rèn)為我國(guó)對(duì)外貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)略的未來取向應(yīng)該是“基于綜合比較優(yōu)勢(shì)的均衡協(xié)調(diào)戰(zhàn)略”，其內(nèi)涵可以概括為“兩個(gè)均衡”（貨物貿(mào)易、服務(wù)貿(mào)易的進(jìn)出口均衡）和“兩個(gè)協(xié)調(diào)”（貨物貿(mào)易和服務(wù)貿(mào)易協(xié)調(diào)，內(nèi)外需協(xié)調(diào)），發(fā)展目標(biāo)包含數(shù)量目標(biāo)和質(zhì)量目標(biāo)兩個(gè)方面，發(fā)展模式應(yīng)該由速度優(yōu)先、出口導(dǎo)向向速度適中、質(zhì)量?jī)?yōu)先和協(xié)調(diào)拉動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)變，由價(jià)格競(jìng)爭(zhēng)為主向非價(jià)格競(jìng)爭(zhēng)為主轉(zhuǎn)變，由成本優(yōu)勢(shì)為主向綜合競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)為主轉(zhuǎn)變。與此同時(shí)我國(guó)配套外貿(mào)政策如匯率政策、涉外金融政策、涉外財(cái)稅政策、與貿(mào)易有關(guān)的知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)政策、產(chǎn)業(yè)和區(qū)域政策等也要相應(yīng)改變，從而提升貿(mào)易利益，改善我國(guó)在全球價(jià)值鏈中的低端地位，解決當(dāng)前貿(mào)易失衡狀況，最終實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)的穩(wěn)定健康發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:China has made three foreign trade strategic adjustments since 1949, which has brought remarkable growth to the foreign trade and the national economy at that time. Now the problems in the development of our foreign trade are beginning to appear, for example, the unscientific structure of foreign trade, the unreasonable trade mode and the loss of balance of foreign trade, as well as the international and domestic economic environment. From the international point of view, the global economy continues to be depressed, the international competition is intensifying, and the trade frictions are frequent. The domestic pressure is mainly from the upgrading of the economic transformation, the weakening of the traditional comparative advantage and the non increasing price of foreign trade. Therefore, the current foreign trade strategy has not adapted to the needs of trade and economic development and must be adjusted.
This paper first analyzes the historical evolution process of China's foreign trade strategy, and then uses theoretical analysis, empirical analysis and comparative analysis to summarize the five principles of foreign trade strategy, including stimulating economic growth, giving full play to comprehensive comparative advantages, integrating globalization, promoting social harmony and upgrading industrial structure, and finally putting forward foreign trade. The new strategy and the supporting foreign trade policy are of great significance for our country to change from a big trade country to a powerful trade country, and to maintain the sustainable development of foreign trade and the national economy.
The author thinks that the future orientation of China's foreign trade strategy should be "balanced and coordinated strategy based on comprehensive comparative advantage". Its connotation can be summed up as "two equilibrium" (goods trade, import and export balance of service trade) and "two coordination" (goods trade and service trade and internal and external coordination), and the development target contains the quantity order. In the two aspects of standard and quality target, the development mode should be from speed priority, export orientation to speed, quality priority and coordinated pull, change from price competition to non price competition, and change from cost advantage to comprehensive competitive advantage. Policies, foreign financial and tax policies, trade related intellectual property policies, industrial and regional policies should also be changed accordingly, thus enhancing trade interests, improving our low position in the global value chain, solving current trade imbalance and ultimately achieving economic stability and health development.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：F752.0

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