發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-27 11:21

  本文選題：夫妻共同財(cái)產(chǎn) + 認(rèn)定��； 參考：《廣西師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：雖然我國(guó)婚姻法及其相關(guān)司法解釋對(duì)婚姻共同財(cái)產(chǎn)的認(rèn)定及分割問(wèn)題都已進(jìn)行了較全面的規(guī)定,但經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展與法律的滯后性一直存在不可調(diào)和的矛盾,特別是隨著我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展日新月異,人們生活水平不斷提高,無(wú)論數(shù)量還是種類上都日益豐富的財(cái)產(chǎn)種類造成司法實(shí)踐中夫妻共同財(cái)產(chǎn)的認(rèn)定與分割遇到了很多新的問(wèn)題。其中,僅就房產(chǎn)的處理方面就足以讓司法實(shí)踐者和法學(xué)理論者絞盡腦汁。限于篇幅及筆者能力所限,關(guān)于房產(chǎn)處理的問(wèn)題本文僅僅選取購(gòu)房出資人與產(chǎn)權(quán)登記人不一致的幾種房產(chǎn)認(rèn)定問(wèn)題進(jìn)行分析探討。此外,關(guān)于夫妻關(guān)系存續(xù)期間夫妻分居期間各方所得財(cái)產(chǎn)的認(rèn)定問(wèn)題也是爭(zhēng)議不斷。而隨著婦女地位的提高,人們對(duì)權(quán)利的保護(hù)要求更高更全面,使得家務(wù)勞動(dòng)價(jià)值的討論也變得愈發(fā)激烈。與家務(wù)勞動(dòng)價(jià)值相對(duì)應(yīng),人力資本和知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)收益的歸屬及分配問(wèn)題、各種利益如何在夫妻雙方之間平衡等問(wèn)題應(yīng)運(yùn)而生。另外,隨著婚姻法司法解釋(三)的出臺(tái),人們對(duì)其中關(guān)于個(gè)人財(cái)產(chǎn)婚后所得孳息的規(guī)定也褒貶不一。上述種種問(wèn)題不僅是離婚案件當(dāng)事人之間爭(zhēng)議之尖銳問(wèn)題,也是司法實(shí)踐中難啃之骨,正因?yàn)槿绱?激發(fā)了筆者對(duì)這些問(wèn)題探討的初衷與熱情。而研究這些問(wèn)題,對(duì)現(xiàn)行婚姻法律及司法解釋存在的立法缺陷進(jìn)行分析,進(jìn)而提出相應(yīng)的完善建議,以期為司法實(shí)踐在處理相關(guān)問(wèn)題時(shí)有所助益正是本文的意義所在。本文以實(shí)際案例中存在的爭(zhēng)議問(wèn)題為出發(fā)點(diǎn),采取分析、比較、歸納的研究方法,最終對(duì)本文所探討的問(wèn)題形成針對(duì)性的解決辦法。即關(guān)于房產(chǎn)權(quán)屬爭(zhēng)議問(wèn)題,通過(guò)完善房產(chǎn)產(chǎn)權(quán)登記工作及以婚姻法為特別法優(yōu)先于物權(quán)法適用的立法完善加以解決;關(guān)于分居期間的財(cái)產(chǎn)歸屬問(wèn)題,筆者研究認(rèn)為應(yīng)歸個(gè)人所有為宜,并提出借鑒國(guó)外成功作法,在我國(guó)構(gòu)建符合我國(guó)國(guó)情的分居制度以及在分居制度里設(shè)計(jì)非常財(cái)產(chǎn)制作為制度保障;關(guān)于家務(wù)勞動(dòng)價(jià)值的認(rèn)定問(wèn)題,筆者認(rèn)為其與人力資本、知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)等的利益平衡問(wèn)題就像硬幣的正反面,解決的問(wèn)題其實(shí)就是如何平衡利益的問(wèn)題,具體可通過(guò)擴(kuò)大家務(wù)勞動(dòng)價(jià)值的補(bǔ)償請(qǐng)求適用范圍、制定家務(wù)勞動(dòng)價(jià)值評(píng)估體系及建立離婚撫養(yǎng)金制度來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn);關(guān)于個(gè)人財(cái)產(chǎn)婚后孳息的歸屬問(wèn)題,筆者通過(guò)研究后得出結(jié)論認(rèn)為應(yīng)以孳息的取得是否有“夫妻協(xié)力”貢獻(xiàn)作為認(rèn)定標(biāo)準(zhǔn),如孳息的獲得凝聚了對(duì)方的付出,則應(yīng)認(rèn)定為夫妻共同財(cái)產(chǎn)范圍,反之,則認(rèn)定為個(gè)人財(cái)產(chǎn);關(guān)于夫妻共同財(cái)產(chǎn)的分割問(wèn)題,則建議法院在判決分割夫妻財(cái)產(chǎn)時(shí)考慮與婚姻相關(guān)的,如婚姻關(guān)系的持續(xù)時(shí)間、夫妻雙方的經(jīng)濟(jì)條件及謀生能力、夫妻雙方對(duì)家庭的付出情況以及未成年子女的健康成長(zhǎng)等因素,力求達(dá)到實(shí)質(zhì)層面的公平分割。本論文除引言外通過(guò)以下共五部分進(jìn)行研究。第一部分是對(duì)司法實(shí)踐中有關(guān)案例進(jìn)行介紹以引出所要討論的問(wèn)題。第二部分我國(guó)現(xiàn)行的離婚夫妻財(cái)產(chǎn)認(rèn)定與分割制度概述,簡(jiǎn)介我國(guó)現(xiàn)行法律中關(guān)于夫妻共同財(cái)產(chǎn)范圍的界定、夫妻共同財(cái)產(chǎn)分割的原則和分割方法。第三部分是通過(guò)對(duì)法國(guó)、德國(guó)及美國(guó)涵蓋大陸及英美法系國(guó)家對(duì)夫妻共同財(cái)產(chǎn)的認(rèn)定及分割方面的研究,從中發(fā)掘出對(duì)我國(guó)有借鑒意義的內(nèi)容和做法,為完善我國(guó)相關(guān)立法提供參考。第四部分分析我國(guó)現(xiàn)行法律及司法解釋在離婚夫妻共同財(cái)產(chǎn)認(rèn)定與分割方面規(guī)定存在的缺陷。重點(diǎn)闡述現(xiàn)行制度中某些有爭(zhēng)議的規(guī)定,包括特殊狀態(tài)存在的商品房歸屬問(wèn)題、分居期間財(cái)產(chǎn)的歸屬問(wèn)題,家務(wù)勞動(dòng)的補(bǔ)償、人力資本及知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)的期待利益的認(rèn)定及分割問(wèn)題。第五部分是完善我國(guó)離婚夫妻財(cái)產(chǎn)認(rèn)定與分割制度的立法建議,包括提出物權(quán)法與婚姻法律在房產(chǎn)歸屬認(rèn)定沖突之解決辦法、構(gòu)建符合我國(guó)國(guó)情的分居制度、構(gòu)建平衡家務(wù)勞動(dòng)價(jià)值與人力資本的價(jià)值體系、明確婚前財(cái)產(chǎn)在婚后產(chǎn)生的孳息的歸屬及在分割夫妻共同財(cái)產(chǎn)時(shí)考慮相關(guān)婚姻因素等建議。
[Abstract]:Although China's marriage law and its relevant judicial interpretations have made a more comprehensive regulation on the identification and segmentation of the common property of marriage, there has been an irreconcilable contradiction between the economic development and the lag of the law. In particular, with the rapid development of China's economy, people's living standards are constantly improving, regardless of the number or type. There are a lot of new problems in the identification and segmentation of the common property of husband and wife in judicial practice. Among them, only the treatment of property is enough to make judicial practitioners and jurisprudential theorists racked. Limited to space and author's ability, the problem of house property treatment is only chosen to buy a house. In addition, the problem of the identification of the property rights and property of the parties during the relationship between husband and wife is also disputed. With the improvement of the status of women, the protection of the rights is higher and more comprehensive, and the discussion of the value of housework is also discussed. It is becoming more and more intense. Relative to the value of housework, the issue of the ownership and distribution of human capital and intellectual property income, and how to balance the interests between the two and the couple. In addition, with the introduction of the judicial interpretation of the marriage law (three), the provisions on the income of personal property after marriage are also mixed. The above problems are not only a sharp issue between the disputes between the parties to the divorce case, but also the hard bone in the judicial practice. It is precisely because of this that the author's original intention and enthusiasm for the discussion of these problems have been stimulated. It is the significance of this paper to help the judicial practice in dealing with the related problems. This article takes the controversial issues in the actual cases as the starting point, and takes the analysis, comparison and induction research methods, and finally forms a specific solution to the problems discussed in this article. That is, the issue of the property ownership dispute, through To improve the registration of property rights and to improve the legislation of the special law as the priority of the special law on the application of the property law. On the issue of property ownership in the separation period, the author thinks that it is appropriate to belong to the individual, and proposes to draw on the successful practice of foreign countries and establish a separation system in our country and the system of separation in our country. The design of the property is made as a system guarantee. On the issue of the value of housework, the author thinks that the balance of interests with human capital and intellectual property is like the positive and negative side of the coin. In fact, the problem is how to balance the interests, and the application scope of the compensation request for the value of housework can be expanded. The system of assessing the value of housework and the establishment of the system of divorce and upbringing are realized. On the issue of the attribution of the marriage fruits of individual property, the author draws the conclusion that the contribution of "husband and wife cooperation" should be regarded as the criterion of whether the contribution of the fruits should be obtained. With the same property scope and conversely, it is identified as personal property; with regard to the division of conjugal property, it is suggested that the court consider marriage related to the division of marital property, such as the duration of marriage, the economic conditions and livelihood of the husband and wife, the payment of the husband and wife to the family and the health of the minor children. In this paper, the first part is to introduce the relevant cases in the judicial practice to lead to the issues to be discussed in this paper. The first part is to introduce the issues to be discussed in the judicial practice. The second part of our current divorced husband and wife property identification and segmentation system overview, brief introduction of the current laws of China. The definition of the scope of the common property of the husband and wife, the principle and method of dividing the common property of the husband and wife. The third part is to find out the contents and methods of reference to our country through the study of the cognizance and division of the common property of husband and wife in France, Germany and the United States of America and the common law countries. The relevant legislation provides reference. The fourth part analyzes the existing defects in the existing legal and judicial interpretation in the identification and division of the common property of divorced couples. It focuses on some controversial provisions in the current system, including the ownership of the commercial housing in the special state, the ownership of the property during the separation, and the supplement of the housework. The fifth part is the legislative proposal to perfect the system of the property identification and division of divorced husband and wife in our country, including the solution of the conflict between the property law and the marriage law in the identification of the property ownership, the construction of the separation system which conforms to the national conditions of our country, and the construction of a balanced household labor price. Values and the value system of human capital, the ascription of the fruits of premarital property in marriage and the consideration of the related marital factors in the division of the common property of the husband and wife.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D923.9

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