本文選題：微博 + 著作權(quán)侵權(quán)��； 參考：《西南政法大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：版權(quán)是法律所賦予著作權(quán)人對(duì)自己作品使用進(jìn)行控制，從而獲取精神和物質(zhì)利益的權(quán)利。技術(shù)對(duì)版權(quán)的影響是不言自明的，甚至可以說(shuō)版權(quán)的發(fā)展史就是技術(shù)對(duì)傳播媒介的變革史。作為二十世紀(jì)最偉大的發(fā)明之一，計(jì)算機(jī)的產(chǎn)生也在很大程度上改變了人們的生活及學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣。人們?cè)趯?duì)這一平民化的傳播媒介津津樂(lè)道的同時(shí)，也不得不承擔(dān)著新技術(shù)對(duì)原有著作權(quán)沖擊的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。微博的著作權(quán)問(wèn)題就是網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境下著作權(quán)侵權(quán)的一個(gè)縮影。作為一個(gè)大眾媒介的社交平臺(tái)，，微博以其即時(shí)性、分享性、迅速傳播等特性成為人們實(shí)現(xiàn)憲法上言論自由、信息自由和學(xué)習(xí)自由的工具，但同時(shí)也成為著作權(quán)侵權(quán)的重鎮(zhèn)。自媒體的模式打破了傳統(tǒng)媒介作為著作權(quán)“守門人”的權(quán)利保護(hù)模式，著作權(quán)人再度陷入“全民侵權(quán)”的包圍之中。如何利用著作權(quán)法的現(xiàn)有規(guī)定解決這一新技術(shù)所帶來(lái)的挑戰(zhàn)，成為我們應(yīng)當(dāng)思考的一個(gè)問(wèn)題,也是本文論證的一個(gè)中心。 本文采用傳統(tǒng)的模式，主要從權(quán)利、侵權(quán)、救濟(jì)這三方面來(lái)解析著作權(quán)在微博這一新型傳播媒介中的應(yīng)用。在權(quán)利部分：筆者從微博的產(chǎn)生、發(fā)展及自身特點(diǎn)著手，希望在整體上對(duì)微博作以簡(jiǎn)單介紹。通過(guò)對(duì)著作權(quán)法中作品的法定構(gòu)成要件的闡釋，探討微博的內(nèi)容是否有必要以及是否有可能獲得著作權(quán)的保護(hù)。在對(duì)此問(wèn)題得出肯定答案的情況下，討論“小微作品”在權(quán)利主體和內(nèi)容方面存在的特殊性。使人們進(jìn)一步明確微博作品的著作權(quán)。在侵權(quán)部分，筆者分微博平臺(tái)內(nèi)、平臺(tái)外兩個(gè)部分進(jìn)行論述。在微博平臺(tái)內(nèi)，筆者以發(fā)表、轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)、評(píng)論三個(gè)微博的主要功能為基礎(chǔ)，梳理現(xiàn)有的微博侵權(quán)行為；并就附加侵權(quán)作品鏈接的發(fā)表行為是否侵權(quán)進(jìn)行判定；以及就“轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)”的實(shí)質(zhì)及其合理性依據(jù)、轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)侵權(quán)作品是否可以免責(zé)、評(píng)論功能是否可以適用著作權(quán)合理使用制度等問(wèn)題展開(kāi)討論。在微博平臺(tái)外，筆者分別討論了不同的微博平臺(tái)之間以及交叉媒介之間是否存在“轉(zhuǎn)載”和微博平臺(tái)管理者刪帖行為是否侵權(quán)等問(wèn)題。在救濟(jì)部分，筆者針對(duì)公力救濟(jì)成本高、舉證難、被告難尋等困境和私力救濟(jì)效果不佳、侵權(quán)難止等無(wú)奈，提出分別從用戶、運(yùn)營(yíng)商、司法部門三方面著手，構(gòu)建相應(yīng)的微博著作權(quán)保護(hù)體系。 任何技術(shù)的發(fā)展都具有雙面性，人們?cè)谙硎芗夹g(shù)所帶來(lái)的便利的同時(shí)，又不得不對(duì)其產(chǎn)生的新問(wèn)題不斷探索解決之道。筆者作為微博的使用者和知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)法的學(xué)習(xí)者，希望通過(guò)自身的探索，在不斷規(guī)范微博作品使用秩序中盡自己的綿薄之力，并為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)微博技術(shù)的發(fā)展提供相關(guān)法律支持。
[Abstract]:Copyright is the right granted by law to the copyright owner to control the use of his works in order to obtain spiritual and material benefits. The influence of technology on copyright is self-evident, even the history of development of copyright is the history of revolution of technology to media. As one of the greatest inventions of the twentieth century, the generation of computer has changed people's life and study habits to a great extent. At the same time, people have to bear the risk of the impact of new technology on the original copyright. The copyright problem of Weibo is a microcosm of copyright infringement under the network environment. As a social platform of mass media, Weibo has become a tool to realize the freedom of speech, information and learning in the constitution because of its characteristics of immediacy, sharing and rapid dissemination, but it has also become an important place for copyright infringement. Since the mode of media breaks the traditional media as the "gatekeeper" of copyright, the copyright owner is once again trapped in the siege of "national infringement". How to make use of the existing provisions of copyright law to solve the challenge brought by this new technology has become a problem we should think about, and it is also a central point of this paper. This paper uses the traditional mode, mainly from the rights, infringement, relief to analyze the application of copyright in Weibo, a new media. In the rights part: the author begins with the emergence, development and characteristics of Weibo, hoping to introduce Weibo as a whole. This paper discusses whether the content of Weibo is necessary and whether it is possible to obtain the protection of copyright. In the case of the affirmative answer to this question, the particularity of the subject and content of "small and micro works" is discussed. So that people further clarify the copyright of Weibo works. In the tort part, the author divides the Weibo platform, outside the platform two parts to carry on the discussion. In the Weibo platform, based on the main functions of publishing, forwarding and commenting on the three Weibo, the author combs the existing Weibo tort, and judges whether the publishing behavior of the additional infringement works link is infringing or not. This paper also discusses the essence of "forwarding" and its rational basis, whether the copyright infringement can be exempted from liability, and whether the function of comment can be applied to the reasonable use of copyright. Outside the Weibo platform, the author discusses whether there are "reprint" between different Weibo platforms and between cross media, and whether the manager of Weibo platform violates the action of deleting posts. In the relief part, aiming at the problems of high cost of public remedy, difficult proof, difficult to find for the defendant, poor effect of private remedy and so on, the author puts forward three aspects: user, operator, judicial department, etc. Construct the corresponding Weibo copyright protection system. The development of any technology has two sides. While enjoying the convenience brought by technology, people have to explore the solution to the new problems. As a user of Weibo and a learner of intellectual property law, the author hopes to do his best in standardizing the use order of Weibo works through his own exploration, and to provide relevant legal support for the development of Weibo technology on the Internet.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：D923.41

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