本文選題：中藥 + 中藥企業(yè)��； 參考：《西南政法大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：伴隨著現(xiàn)代科技的發(fā)展，從化學(xué)藥物中篩選新藥的周期越來越長，開發(fā)難度越來越大，越來越多的人將目光轉(zhuǎn)向了中藥這種天然藥物。20世紀90年代后，每年國際天然藥物的銷售量以百分之十的速度快速增長，每年約有70%以上的人接受中藥治療或保健。中藥是我們國家的瑰寶，是中華民族幾千年聰明才智的結(jié)晶，也是中國傳統(tǒng)和世界文明的重要組成部分。中國是中藥的發(fā)源地，從神農(nóng)嘗百草到秦漢五十二病房，再到明代載放有六萬多種的《普濟方》，我們擁有12000多種資源和4000多種中藥制劑。在這種國際形勢以及良好的優(yōu)勢背景下，我國的中藥產(chǎn)業(yè)本應(yīng)成為朝陽產(chǎn)業(yè)，必然應(yīng)該促進一大批中藥企業(yè)的發(fā)展，然而事實卻并非如此。雖然在中藥理論和人才上，我們具有很大優(yōu)勢，但是在知識產(chǎn)權(quán)的運用、管理以及保護的意識和能力上，與發(fā)達國家存在很大差距。國外眾多企業(yè)不僅在中藥的研究領(lǐng)域是獨樹一幟，而且濫用知識產(chǎn)權(quán)，積極進行中藥領(lǐng)域?qū)＠牟季郑覈谥兴巸?yōu)勢領(lǐng)域已經(jīng)并且仍在為此付出慘重的代價。 為了應(yīng)對這種局面，我國在法律制度的制定方面也在不斷的努力，自1992年，專利法修改之后，中國就真正存在了針對中藥的兩種保護并行的局面，即中藥知識產(chǎn)權(quán)一般保護和中藥特殊保護。其中一般保護中的專利保護和中藥特殊保護中的中藥品種保護制度是我國中藥知識產(chǎn)權(quán)保護領(lǐng)域最重要也是企業(yè)采用最為普遍的兩種制度，本文主要從這兩種制度出發(fā)，通過對現(xiàn)代中藥企業(yè)和傳統(tǒng)中藥企業(yè)專利申請狀況以及中藥品種保護狀況的調(diào)查，找出這兩種制度自身存在的以及企業(yè)在運用兩種制度時存在問題，，并提出解決問題的建議和對策。 本文第一部分主要包括對文章中中藥含義的界定以及我國的現(xiàn)有的中藥知識產(chǎn)權(quán)保護模式的概述兩個部分。首先是對本文的研究對象中藥含義的界定。中藥這個概念本身外延很大，對其進行限定，確定所探討的對象最基本的含義，為下面各種問題的探討鋪下基石。第二是對我國現(xiàn)有的中藥知識產(chǎn)權(quán)保護模式的概述，同時確定本文的研究重點，只包括中藥專利保護制度和中藥品種保護制度。 本文第二部分就是對中藥企業(yè)專利保護和中藥品種保護的現(xiàn)狀調(diào)查，通過2010年中藥行業(yè)峰會評選出的權(quán)威結(jié)果，選擇傳統(tǒng)中藥企業(yè)10強和現(xiàn)代中藥企業(yè)10強，對其專利申請量、中藥品種保護量進行統(tǒng)計，得出結(jié)論，兩種制度都存在很多的問題，但也都有著自身的優(yōu)勢，對中藥企業(yè)的發(fā)展必不可少，二者都應(yīng)該進行修改，從而協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。 本文第三部分是對兩種制度所存在問題的深入探討。對于中藥專利保護制度，從制度層面和企業(yè)層面對進行分析，一方面專利保護制度與中藥的種種不契合；另一方面則是企業(yè)自身，在專利保護意識已經(jīng)專利規(guī)則運用上都存在很多的問題。對于中藥品種保護制度，其問題則主要出現(xiàn)在制度自身的缺陷上，本文對此也進行了細致入微的分析，并對該制度的存廢問題進行了探討。 本文最后部分就是對這兩種制度提出了一些對此和建議。主要是針對第二、第三部分所出現(xiàn)的問題，進行針對性的建議。第一，對于中藥專利保護制度，分為對國家層面和企業(yè)層面的建議。國家層面主要包括以下幾點：建立我們自己的中藥專利審查標準；加快中藥標準化與中藥專利保護協(xié)同發(fā)展；建立專門機構(gòu)，提高中藥專利保護力度。企業(yè)層面主要包括：增強專利保護意識，提高專利管理方面的資金投入；加大研發(fā)過程中對專利的保護力度；加強對專利規(guī)則的運用。第二，對于中藥品種保護制度，則主要是對制度本身的修改。主要包括：根據(jù)中藥的特殊性明確鼓勵創(chuàng)新的保護思路；擴大權(quán)利保護主體，明確權(quán)利人和權(quán)利范圍；明確中藥品種保護的范圍，建立科學(xué)的評價標準；申請和審批程序公開，增加透明度；解決中藥品種保護與專利保護之間的沖突。
[Abstract]:With the development of modern science and technology, the cycle of screening new drugs from chemical drugs is growing longer and more difficult. More and more people turn their eyes to the natural medicine of traditional Chinese medicine (.20) in 90s. The annual sales volume of international drugs is growing at a speed of ten percent, and more than 70% people accept it every year. Medicine treatment or health care. Chinese medicine is the gem of our country. It is the crystallization of the wisdom and wisdom of the Chinese nation for thousands of years. It is also an important part of Chinese tradition and world civilization. China is the birthplace of traditional Chinese medicine. From Shennong tasting hundred grass to Qin Han fifty-two wards, and then to the Ming Dynasty, there are more than sixty thousand "Pu Ji Fang". We have more than 12000 resources. And more than 4000 kinds of traditional Chinese medicine preparations. Under this international situation and a good background, Chinese traditional medicine industry should be a sunrise industry. It must promote the development of a large number of Chinese traditional medicine enterprises. However, the fact is not so. Although we have great advantages in the theory and talents of Chinese medicine, the use of intellectual property rights and management are managed. As well as the consciousness and ability of protection, there is a big gap with the developed countries. Many foreign enterprises are not only unique in the research field of Chinese medicine, but also abuse intellectual property rights and actively carry out the distribution of patent in the field of traditional Chinese medicine.
In order to cope with this situation, China has made continuous efforts in the formulation of the legal system. Since the revision of the patent law in 1992, China has actually existed two kinds of protection parallel to the traditional Chinese medicine, that is, the general protection of intellectual property rights and the special protection of traditional Chinese Medicine. The protection system of Chinese medicine varieties is the most important and most common two system in the field of intellectual property protection in Chinese medicine. This paper, starting from these two systems, finds out the existence of these two systems through the investigation of the patent application status of modern Chinese medicine enterprises and traditional Chinese medicine enterprises and the status of the protection of traditional Chinese medicine. And the problems existing in the application of the two systems, and put forward suggestions and Countermeasures to solve the problems.
The first part of this article mainly includes two parts: the definition of the meaning of Chinese medicine and the overview of the existing mode of intellectual property protection in China. First, it defines the meaning of the Chinese medicine. The concept of traditional Chinese medicine is a very large extension, defines it, and determines the basic meaning of the object discussed. The discussion of various problems is the cornerstone. Second is an overview of the existing Chinese traditional Chinese medicine intellectual property protection model, and to determine the focus of this study, including only the patent protection system of traditional Chinese medicine and the protection system of Chinese medicine varieties.
The second part of this article is the investigation of the patent protection of Chinese traditional medicine enterprises and the protection of Chinese medicine varieties. Through the authoritative results selected by the Chinese traditional medicine summit in 2010, we choose the 10 strong traditional Chinese medicine enterprises and the 10 strong modern Chinese medicine enterprises, and make a statistical analysis on the amount of patent application and the protection of Chinese traditional medicine. The conclusion is that there are a lot of two kinds of systems. Problems, but they all have their own advantages, which are essential for the development of Chinese medicine enterprises. The two should be modified so as to coordinate development.
The third part of this article is the in-depth discussion of the problems of the two systems. For the patent protection system of Chinese medicine, from the institutional level and the enterprise level, on the one hand, the patent protection system is not compatible with the traditional Chinese medicine; on the other hand, the enterprise itself has a lot of patent protection awareness. Problem. For the system of traditional Chinese medicine variety protection, its problems are mainly on the defects of the system itself. This article has also carried out a detailed analysis of this system, and discussed the existing and abolishing of the system.
The last part of this paper is to put forward some suggestions and suggestions on the two systems. It is mainly aimed at the second, the third part of the problems. First, the patent protection system of Chinese medicine is divided into the national level and the enterprise level. The national level mainly includes the following points: to establish our own The standard of patent patent examination; to speed up the cooperative development of traditional Chinese medicine standardization and patent protection of traditional Chinese medicine; to establish special institutions to improve the protection of patent patent of traditional Chinese medicine. The enterprise level mainly includes: strengthening the consciousness of patent protection, raising capital investment in patent management, strengthening the protection of patent in the process of research and development, and strengthening the patent rules Second, for the system of traditional Chinese medicine variety protection, it is mainly to amend the system itself. It mainly includes: clearly encouraging the idea of protection according to the particularity of traditional Chinese medicine; expanding the protection subject of right, clear right person and scope of rights; clear the scope of protection of Chinese medicine varieties, establish scientific evaluation standard; application and examination and approval process Order is open, increase transparency, solve the conflict between protection of traditional Chinese medicine varieties and patent protection.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：D923.42

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