本文選題：中小企業(yè) + 出口績(jī)效　； 參考：《吉林大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國(guó)一直以來(lái)都是出口導(dǎo)向型國(guó)家，外貿(mào)依存度連續(xù)5年在50%以上，出口也是拉動(dòng)我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的三駕馬車(chē)之一，并且在中國(guó)加入WTO后更發(fā)揮著舉足輕重的作用。中小企業(yè)是出口創(chuàng)匯的生力軍，它們占有組織上的靈活性，經(jīng)營(yíng)方向的可變性等優(yōu)勢(shì)，在國(guó)際市場(chǎng)上嶄露頭角。但是我國(guó)的出口面臨很多問(wèn)題，雖然總量很大，但是利潤(rùn)較低。我國(guó)的工業(yè)化發(fā)展年限不長(zhǎng)，，加工類(lèi)產(chǎn)品大多處在勞動(dòng)密集型行業(yè)，如服裝、玩具等占用資本核技術(shù)較少，而資源環(huán)境的比重較大，這不利于我國(guó)創(chuàng)造利潤(rùn)。于是探索利潤(rùn)更高的出口加工方式就成為我國(guó)學(xué)者研究的熱點(diǎn)。 國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)者的研究大多集中于如何發(fā)展對(duì)外貿(mào)易，而較少針對(duì)于如何提高出口加工企業(yè)的利潤(rùn)率；前人研究的成果更加專(zhuān)注于對(duì)國(guó)際貿(mào)易的影響，而鮮有對(duì)企業(yè)出口績(jī)效的研究；學(xué)者的關(guān)注點(diǎn)大多集中于國(guó)家層面或者行業(yè)層面的國(guó)際貿(mào)易狀況，而幾乎沒(méi)有針對(duì)于出口創(chuàng)匯的主力軍中小企業(yè)的研究。通過(guò)對(duì)前人研究成果的學(xué)習(xí)和概括發(fā)現(xiàn)，能夠影響中小企業(yè)出口績(jī)效的因素很多，包括企業(yè)內(nèi)在差異、行業(yè)差異因素、國(guó)家政策因素和國(guó)際市場(chǎng)影響因素幾個(gè)方面。本文在深入分析了當(dāng)前形勢(shì)，結(jié)合企業(yè)的實(shí)際情況作出假設(shè)，通過(guò)實(shí)證研究的方式，希望能夠?qū)χ行∑髽I(yè)提升其出口創(chuàng)匯能力提出參考意見(jiàn)。 本文在實(shí)證研究過(guò)程中使用了因子分析，回歸分析以及二項(xiàng)邏輯分析等統(tǒng)計(jì)方法，對(duì)所作假設(shè)進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證，得出了以下結(jié)論：企業(yè)細(xì)分市場(chǎng)和差異化經(jīng)營(yíng)程度越高，越能提高中小企業(yè)出口績(jī)效;中小企業(yè)對(duì)資本化RD投入經(jīng)費(fèi)越多，越能提高企業(yè)的出口績(jī)效;出口績(jī)效的高低隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)周期的變動(dòng)出現(xiàn)先于經(jīng)濟(jì)周期的相應(yīng)變動(dòng);健全的品牌建設(shè)有助于提升中小企業(yè)的出口績(jī)效；實(shí)施戰(zhàn)略性貿(mào)易政策能夠提高我國(guó)中小企業(yè)的出口創(chuàng)匯能力；戰(zhàn)略性貿(mào)易政策實(shí)施越嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，我國(guó)中小企業(yè)的出口績(jī)效越低，二者成反向變動(dòng)關(guān)系；外商直接投資能夠促進(jìn)中小企業(yè)出口績(jī)效，某地區(qū)外商直接投資數(shù)額越大，該地區(qū)中小企業(yè)出口績(jī)效越高;世界經(jīng)濟(jì)周期會(huì)影響世界貿(mào)易周期，企業(yè)的出口績(jī)效會(huì)根據(jù)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)周期變動(dòng)呈現(xiàn)變動(dòng)知識(shí)創(chuàng)新數(shù)量越多，知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)政策越具體，中小企業(yè)的出口績(jī)效就越高;國(guó)際資本流動(dòng)越頻繁、資本流動(dòng)門(mén)檻越低，中小企業(yè)的出口績(jī)效就越高. 由于本文研究因素較多，在具體細(xì)節(jié)上還有許多不足和不完善的地方，本文在最后也做出了對(duì)本領(lǐng)域未來(lái)研究的展望，以期待后續(xù)學(xué)者繼續(xù)研究。
[Abstract]:China has always been an export-oriented country with a dependence on foreign trade of more than 50% for five consecutive years. Export is also one of the troika driving China's economy, and it plays an important role after China's entry into WTO. Small and medium-sized enterprises are the new force of export earning foreign exchange. They have the advantages of flexibility in organization and variability of management direction, so they are emerging in the international market. But our country's export faces many problems, although the total amount is very big, but the profit is low. The development of industrialization in our country is not long, most of the processed products are in labor-intensive industries, such as clothing, toys and other occupation of capital and nuclear technology, but the proportion of resources and environment is large, which is not conducive to the creation of profits in China. Therefore, the exploration of higher profit export processing has become a hot spot of Chinese scholars. Scholars at home and abroad mostly focus on how to develop foreign trade, but less on how to improve the profit margin of export processing enterprises. However, there are few researches on the export performance of enterprises. Most of the scholars focus on the international trade situation at the national level or the industry level, but there is almost no research on the small and medium-sized enterprises, which are the main force of export earnings. Through the study and summary of the previous research results, it is found that there are many factors that can affect the export performance of small and medium-sized enterprises, including the internal differences of enterprises, industry differences, national policy factors and international market factors. This paper analyzes the current situation deeply, makes the hypothesis according to the actual situation of the enterprise, and through the way of the empirical research, hopes to give some reference suggestions to the small and medium-sized enterprises to enhance their ability of earning foreign exchange from export. In this paper, factor analysis, regression analysis and binomial logic analysis are used to verify the hypothesis, and the following conclusions are drawn: the higher the degree of market segmentation and differentiated management is, The more SMEs invest in R D, the better their export performance can be, and the higher the export performance is, the earlier the export performance changes before the economic cycle with the change of the economic cycle, the higher the export performance is, the higher the export performance is, and the more the R & D investment is, the better the export performance will be. Sound brand building helps to improve the export performance of SMEs; the implementation of strategic trade policies can improve the ability of SMEs to earn foreign exchange from exports; the more stringent the implementation of strategic trade policies, the lower the export performance of SMEs. Foreign direct investment (FDI) can promote the export performance of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The larger the amount of FDI, the higher the export performance of SMEs in a certain region. The world economic cycle will affect the world trade cycle. The more the quantity of knowledge innovation, the more specific the intellectual property protection policy, the higher the export performance of small and medium-sized enterprises, the more frequent the international capital flow, the lower the threshold of capital flow. The higher the export performance of SMEs. As there are many factors in this paper, there are still many deficiencies and imperfections in the specific details. At the end of this paper, we also make the prospect of the future research in this field, in order to look forward to the follow-up scholars continue to study.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F752.62;F276.3;F224

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