本文選題：北斗衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)　切入點：B1信號　出處：《南京理工大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：北斗衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng),是我國擁有自主知識產(chǎn)權(quán)、獨(dú)立研制和開發(fā)建設(shè)的新一代衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航定位系統(tǒng),英文縮寫為BDS。我國的BDS、美國的GPS和俄羅斯的GLONASS都是軍民兩用的衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng),而歐洲的Galileo系統(tǒng)主要用于民用,它們均受到世界各國的廣泛關(guān)注,被稱作當(dāng)今世界的四大衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)。無論是在國民經(jīng)濟(jì)領(lǐng)域還是在軍事領(lǐng)域,北斗衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)都將扮演十分重要的角色,體現(xiàn)出巨大的價值。在整個衛(wèi)星系統(tǒng)中,相對空間段和地面控制段來講,用戶段在功能上有較好的可擴(kuò)展性,在設(shè)計上有較高的靈活性。因此,越來越多的學(xué)者和專家把精力投入到對衛(wèi)星接收機(jī)的研究中。 北斗系統(tǒng)的B1頻段包含著民用信號的頻段,因此,研究B1頻段的信號對研究民用接收機(jī)有非常重要的意義。本文以MEO/IGSO衛(wèi)星的B1頻段信號為例,研究了接收機(jī)從接收到的衛(wèi)星信號得出用戶位置的過程。結(jié)合Matlab軟件,著重介紹和分析了北斗衛(wèi)星信號處理過程中的一些關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)。首先分析和研究了三種典型的捕獲方法。然后提出用4ms數(shù)據(jù)長度的并行碼相位搜索來捕獲衛(wèi)星信號,這樣做兼顧了捕獲效率和捕獲可靠性。本文根據(jù)北斗衛(wèi)星D1導(dǎo)航電文自身的特點,探討并完成了NH碼的解碼工作。在分析D1導(dǎo)航電文的詳細(xì)編排后,深入研究了BCH糾錯編碼和在系統(tǒng)中的應(yīng)用,發(fā)現(xiàn)其糾錯能力僅為1bit。即長度為11比特的一組信息中,如果錯誤碼元個數(shù)在兩個或兩個以上,本糾錯方法無法實現(xiàn)糾錯的功能。 最后,將NS210-B的中頻采樣信號通過上述數(shù)據(jù)處理方法,解算出了衛(wèi)星的各個星歷參數(shù)。經(jīng)檢驗,各星歷參數(shù)均在其正確的取值范圍內(nèi),并且通過計算得出14號衛(wèi)星離地面的距離約為21160km,這與MEO衛(wèi)星軌道的高度21528km很接近,驗證了本課題中原理與方法的正確性。又以基本的單點定位法為例,研究了北斗衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)的偽距定位過程。并提出了一種改進(jìn)的單點定位法,只需要知道各衛(wèi)星到接收機(jī)天線的相對偽距和衛(wèi)星坐標(biāo),而不需要知道絕對偽距,就能計算出用戶的位置。
[Abstract]:Beidou satellite navigation system is a new generation of satellite navigation and positioning system, which has its own intellectual property rights and is independently developed and developed in China. BDSs of our country, GPS of the United States and GLONASS of Russia are both dual-use satellite navigation systems. The Galileo systems in Europe are mainly used for civilian use. They are widely concerned by all countries in the world, and are called the four major satellite navigation systems in the world today, whether in the field of national economy or in the military field. Beidou satellite navigation system will play a very important role, reflecting great value. In the whole satellite system, compared with the space segment and the ground control section, the user segment has better function expansibility. Because of the high flexibility in design, more and more scholars and experts focus on the research of satellite receiver. The B1-band of Beidou system contains the frequency band of civil signal. Therefore, it is very important to study the B1-band signal in the B1-band. This paper takes the B1-band signal of MEO/IGSO satellite as an example. The process of the receiver getting the user's position from the received satellite signal is studied. Combined with Matlab software, This paper mainly introduces and analyzes some key links in the signal processing of Beidou satellite. Firstly, three typical acquisition methods are analyzed and studied. Then, a parallel code phase search of 4ms data length is proposed to capture satellite signals. In this paper, according to the characteristics of Beidou satellite D1 navigation message, the decoding of NH code is discussed and completed. After analyzing the detailed arrangement of D1 navigation message, The BCH error correction coding and its application in the system are deeply studied. It is found that the error correction ability is only 1 bit. that is, in a group of information with 11 bits in length, if the number of error symbols is two or more, the error correction method cannot achieve the function of error correction. Finally, through the above data processing method, the if sampling signal of NS210-B is used to calculate the satellite's ephemeris parameters. The results show that all the ephemeris parameters are in the range of their correct values. The distance from the ground to the ground is 21160 km, which is very close to the altitude of MEO satellite orbit (21528km), which verifies the correctness of the principle and method in this project, and takes the basic single point positioning method as an example. In this paper, the pseudo-range positioning process of Beidou satellite navigation system is studied, and an improved single-point positioning method is proposed, which only needs to know the relative pseudo-range and satellite coordinates of each satellite to the antenna of the receiver, but not the absolute pseudo-range. The user's location can be calculated.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TN96.1

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