噴涂機器人逆運動學求解算法與仿真軟件
發(fā)布時間:2018-01-22 10:09
本文關鍵詞: 噴涂機器人 逆運動學 阻尼最小二乘法 消元法 機器人仿真 出處:《華中科技大學》2013年碩士論文 論文類型:學位論文
【摘要】:制造業(yè)尤其是汽車行業(yè)的迅速發(fā)展對噴涂機器人的需求越來越強烈,研發(fā)具有自主知識產(chǎn)權的國產(chǎn)化噴涂機器人成套裝備,已成為我國工業(yè)發(fā)展的迫切需要。在機器人的設計開發(fā)及性能優(yōu)化中,機器人運動學、動力學分析與仿真是一項基礎的工作。具有空心手腕結構的噴涂機器人后三個關節(jié)軸偏置,其逆運動學一般不存在封閉解。建立機器人逆運動學有效求解模型,是噴涂機器人開發(fā)的基本問題。 本文針對所研制的噴涂機器人,采用連桿坐標系的D-H建模方法,推導了噴涂機器人的運動學模型。采用蒙特卡羅仿真方法,分析了噴涂機器人的工作空間,根據(jù)國家標準對工作空間進行了規(guī)范表達。推導了噴涂機器人的雅克比矩陣及其行列式,,并研究了機器人的靈巧性指標,提出了第二條件數(shù)的概念,實現(xiàn)了機器人的奇異性分析。采用牛頓-歐拉遞推方法推導了機器人的動力學模型,實現(xiàn)了機器人笛卡爾空間的軌跡規(guī)劃,分別為直線規(guī)劃和圓弧規(guī)劃。 本文重點研究了噴涂機器人逆運動學的求解方法,主要包括迭代法和消元法。通過對奇異位置的特殊處理和阻尼因子的自適應調整,改進了阻尼最小二乘DLS法;在Manocha消元法的基礎上,通過矩陣拆分和符號運算預處理等技術,提高了消元法的性能,實現(xiàn)了算法的實時性。逆運動學算法在實際應用中取得了良好的效果。 最后,對機器人的運動學、動力學、軌跡規(guī)劃等知識進行了整合,根據(jù)軟件設計的基本思想和技術手段,結合大型仿真軟件的功能架構,采用C++為編程語言,MFC搭建軟件主框架,開發(fā)了機器人仿真軟件,為噴涂機器人設計與性能分析提供了一個仿真平臺。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of the manufacturing industry, especially the automobile industry, the demand for spray robot is more and more strong. Robot kinematics has become an urgent need of industrial development in China. In the design, development and performance optimization of robots, robot kinematics. Dynamic analysis and simulation is a basic work. The inverse kinematics of the sprayed robot with hollow wrist structure is usually not closed when the rear three joint axes are biased. The effective solution model of robot inverse kinematics is established. It is the basic problem of spray robot development. In this paper, the kinematics model of spray robot is derived by D-H modeling method of connecting rod coordinate system, and Monte Carlo simulation method is used. The workspace of spraying robot is analyzed, and the workspace is expressed according to the national standard. The Jacobian matrix and its determinant are derived, and the dexterity index of the robot is studied. In this paper, the concept of the second part number is proposed, and the singularity analysis of the robot is realized. The dynamic model of the robot is derived by using Newton-Euler recursive method, and the trajectory planning of the robot in Cartesian space is realized. Linear programming and arc programming are respectively. In this paper, the inverse kinematics method of spray robot is studied, including iterative method and elimination method, through special processing of singular position and adaptive adjustment of damping factor. The damped least square DLS method is improved. Based on the Manocha elimination method, the performance of the elimination method is improved by matrix splitting and symbol preprocessing. The inverse kinematics algorithm has achieved good results in practical application. Finally, the robot kinematics, dynamics, trajectory planning and other knowledge integration, according to the basic idea of software design and technical means, combined with the functional framework of large-scale simulation software. The main frame of the software is built with C # as the programming language MFC, and the robot simulation software is developed, which provides a simulation platform for the design and performance analysis of the spraying robot.
【學位授予單位】:華中科技大學
【學位級別】:碩士
【學位授予年份】:2013
【分類號】:TP242
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