【摘要】：公益訴訟制度的確立有利于解決司法實踐中涉及到公共利益的糾紛。隨著社會的發(fā)展,社會關(guān)系日益復(fù)雜,侵害公共利益的行為時常發(fā)生。我國根據(jù)現(xiàn)實發(fā)展的需要,雖然于2012年規(guī)定了公益訴訟,但規(guī)定比較原則化,未形成較為完整的制度性規(guī)定。2015年對公益訴訟的規(guī)定作了進(jìn)一步細(xì)化,但與公益訴訟相關(guān)的很多實體、程序問題并未得到適當(dāng)?shù)慕鉀Q。我國保護(hù)私益的法律制度相對完善,但在保護(hù)公共利益方面明顯存在不足。因此,我們有必要使公益訴訟成為維護(hù)公共利益的一種常規(guī)化的制度,并對其所包含的類型進(jìn)行細(xì)化。公共利益涉及到方方面面的內(nèi)容,其中也包括消防公共安全。我國每年都會發(fā)生多起火災(zāi),大型火災(zāi)的數(shù)量逐年增加,嚴(yán)重地威脅著公眾的生命、財產(chǎn)安全。而這一事實表明,目前我們在消防監(jiān)管、保護(hù)消防公共利益方面存在著問題。由于消防安全也是公共利益,所以我們將危害消防安全提起的訴訟納入到公益訴訟的范圍進(jìn)行研究。這樣不僅有利于解決火災(zāi)頻發(fā)的困境,也有利于進(jìn)一步完善我國的公益訴訟制度。為此,筆者根據(jù)已有的公益訴訟相關(guān)規(guī)定,參考學(xué)術(shù)上有關(guān)公益訴訟的理論研究,結(jié)合目前火災(zāi)頻發(fā)的現(xiàn)狀,通過實證分析、價值分析等方法,就消防公益訴訟制度進(jìn)行研究,并嘗試著對這一制度的構(gòu)建提出自己的設(shè)想。本文由三部分組成,對我國消防公益訴訟制度構(gòu)建的相關(guān)問題進(jìn)行論述:第一部分:我國建立消防公益訴訟制度的現(xiàn)實必要性。從保護(hù)公共利益的需要、完善法律制度的需要以及訴訟法治化的必然要求等方面來論述我國消防公益訴訟制度提出的現(xiàn)實必要性。第二部分:從建立消防公益訴訟制度的理論基礎(chǔ)和可訴性問題入手。進(jìn)而來分析對于危害消防安全的行為提起的訴訟作為公益訴訟的理論支撐及有關(guān)消防法律的可訴性分析。因為這關(guān)系到消防公益訴訟建立的依據(jù)和適用的可能性問題。第三部分:建立我國消防公益訴訟制度的基本構(gòu)想。從立法層面就我國消防公益訴訟制度的建立提出了一些構(gòu)想,具體從消防公益訴訟制度的起訴主體、管轄范圍、訴訟形式、訴訟請求類型、舉證責(zé)任、訴訟費(fèi)用、調(diào)解與和解等方面進(jìn)行研究,來構(gòu)建消防公益訴訟制度。構(gòu)建并完善消防公益訴訟制度,在維護(hù)消防公共利益方面,發(fā)揮著重要的作用。
[Abstract]:The establishment of public interest litigation system is beneficial to the settlement of disputes involving public interest in judicial practice. With the development of society, the social relations are becoming more and more complex, and the behavior of infringing the public interest often occurs. According to the needs of the practical development, although the public interest litigation was stipulated in 2012, the regulation was relatively principled and did not form a more complete institutional regulation. In 2015, the provisions of the public interest litigation were further refined. However, many entities related to public interest litigation, the procedural issues have not been properly resolved. The legal system of protecting private interests in China is relatively perfect, but there are obvious deficiencies in the protection of public interests. Therefore, it is necessary for us to make public interest litigation a regular system to safeguard the public interest, and to refine the types it contains. The public interest involves all aspects, including fire public safety. There will be many fires every year in our country, and the number of large fires increases year by year, which seriously threatens the lives and property safety of the public. And this fact shows that, at present, we have problems in fire regulation and protection of the public interest of fire protection. Fire safety is also a public interest, so we bring the lawsuit of endangering fire safety into the scope of public interest litigation. This is not only conducive to solving the dilemma of frequent fire, but also conducive to the further improvement of our public interest litigation system. Therefore, according to the existing provisions of public interest litigation, referring to the academic theoretical research on public interest litigation, combined with the current situation of frequent fire, through empirical analysis, value analysis and other methods, the author studies the fire protection public interest litigation system, and makes a research on the fire protection public interest litigation system through empirical analysis, value analysis, and so on. And try to put forward their own ideas on the construction of this system. This paper is composed of three parts to discuss the related problems of the construction of the fire protection public interest litigation system in our country: the first part: the realistic necessity of establishing the fire protection public interest litigation system in our country. From the need to protect the public interest, the need to perfect the legal system and the inevitable requirements of the rule of law in litigation, this paper discusses the realistic necessity of the fire protection public interest litigation system in our country. The second part: from the establishment of the fire protection public interest litigation system of the theoretical basis and actionable issues. Then, this paper analyzes the action of endangering fire safety as the theoretical support of public interest litigation and the actionable analysis of fire protection law. Because this relates to the fire protection public interest litigation foundation and the applicable possibility question. The third part: the basic conception of establishing the fire protection public interest litigation system in our country. From the legislative level, this paper puts forward some ideas on the establishment of the fire protection public interest litigation system in our country, specifically from the prosecution subject, jurisdiction, litigation form, litigation request type, burden of proof, litigation cost, and so on. Mediation and reconciliation and other aspects of research, to build a fire-fighting public interest litigation system. The construction and perfection of fire protection public interest litigation system plays an important role in the maintenance of fire protection public interest.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D922.14

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本文編號：2434459