公共危機(jī)管理中政府信息有效公開的制度建構(gòu)
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-07 19:38
【摘要】：無論是發(fā)達(dá)國家還是發(fā)展中國家,公共危機(jī)管理都是各國政府繞不開的話題。從2003年“非典”事件到2005年“松花江水污染”事件,從2008年貴州甕安事件、汶川地震到當(dāng)年的云南孟連襲警事件、甘肅隴南打砸搶燒事件,從2011年“7·23”溫州動車事件到2014年初的昆明火車站恐怖襲擊事件,各種頻發(fā)的公共危機(jī)事件都有力證明了我國已進(jìn)入到危機(jī)事件高發(fā)的發(fā)展時(shí)期。同樣是公共危機(jī)事件,有的演變成了大規(guī)模的群體性事件,有的卻能得到有效合理解決,很大程度上是源于危機(jī)處理方式的不同。危機(jī)爆發(fā)后,有的政府部門能夠理智對待,敢于直視事件,通過及時(shí)、全面、準(zhǔn)確公開危機(jī)信息,讓公眾了解事態(tài)進(jìn)展,消除民眾的心理恐慌,同舟共濟(jì),共度難關(guān)；有的政府部門卻只從自身利益出發(fā),一味隱瞞事件信息,消極應(yīng)對,導(dǎo)致社會混亂,反而不益危機(jī)的消解。因而,本文擬從危機(jī)管理中政府信息公開的角度出發(fā),綜合運(yùn)用法學(xué)、公共管理學(xué)、傳播學(xué)、公共關(guān)系學(xué)等領(lǐng)域知識,構(gòu)建消除危機(jī)事件的法制機(jī)制。文章共分為五個部分,第一部分作為文章緒論,主要介紹研究的背景、意義,并梳理當(dāng)下國內(nèi)外對該領(lǐng)域的研究現(xiàn)狀,同時(shí)提出了文章的研究思路、研究內(nèi)容及研究方法；第二部分對公共危機(jī)管理與政府信息公開制度進(jìn)行了概述,包括對公共危機(jī)管理中政府信息公開的內(nèi)涵、特征、可行性與必要性進(jìn)行了簡要概述；第三部分則是通過對我國公共危機(jī)管理中政府信息公開的法治化狀況進(jìn)行分析,提出影響我國公共危機(jī)管理中政府信息有效公開的障礙因素并從法制觀念、法律體系和管理制度三個層面分析成因；第四部分介紹了美國及與我國毗鄰的東北亞主要國家政府在公共危機(jī)管理中信息公開的理論和操作實(shí)踐及對我國的啟示；最后在第五部分從轉(zhuǎn)變知情權(quán)保障理念、完善法律、健全制度等維度提出了完善我國危機(jī)管理中政府信息有效公開的建議。
[Abstract]:In both developed and developing countries, public crisis management is an inextricable topic for governments. From the "SARS" incident in 2003 to the "Songhua River water pollution" incident in 2005, from the Weng'an incident in Guizhou in 2008, the Wenchuan earthquake to the Menglian attack on police in Yunnan in that year, and the beating, smashing, looting and burning incident in Longnan, Gansu Province, From the "7.23" Wenzhou train accident in 2011 to the terrorist attack at Kunming Railway Station in early 2014, all kinds of frequent public crisis events have proved that China has entered a period of development with a high incidence of crisis events. The same public crisis events, some of which have evolved into large-scale mass events, some can be effectively and reasonably resolved, to a large extent, is due to the different ways of crisis management. After the outbreak of the crisis, some government departments can rationally treat, dare to look directly at events, through timely, comprehensive and accurate disclosure of crisis information, let the public understand the progress of the situation, eliminate the psychological panic of the public, work together to tide over the difficulties; However, some government departments only act on their own interests, blindly conceal the information of events, and respond passively, which leads to social chaos and does not benefit the resolution of the crisis. Therefore, from the point of view of government information disclosure in crisis management, this paper intends to construct a legal mechanism to eliminate crisis events by synthetically applying knowledge in the fields of law, public management, communication, public relations, and so on. The article is divided into five parts, the first part as the introduction of the article, mainly introduces the research background, significance, and combing the current domestic and foreign research in this field, and put forward the research ideas, research content and research methods; The second part summarizes the system of public crisis management and government information disclosure, including the connotation, characteristics, feasibility and necessity of government information disclosure in public crisis management. The third part is to analyze the rule of law of government information disclosure in the public crisis management of our country, and put forward the obstacle factors that affect the effective disclosure of government information in the public crisis management of our country, and from the concept of legal system. The legal system and the management system analyze the causes of formation; The fourth part introduces the theory and practice of information disclosure in the public crisis management of the United States and the governments of the Northeast Asian countries adjacent to our country, and the enlightenment to our country. Finally, in the fifth part, the author puts forward some suggestions on how to improve the effective disclosure of government information in China's crisis management from the aspects of changing the concept of the right to know, perfecting the law and perfecting the system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：延邊大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D922.1
本文編號：2317373
[Abstract]:In both developed and developing countries, public crisis management is an inextricable topic for governments. From the "SARS" incident in 2003 to the "Songhua River water pollution" incident in 2005, from the Weng'an incident in Guizhou in 2008, the Wenchuan earthquake to the Menglian attack on police in Yunnan in that year, and the beating, smashing, looting and burning incident in Longnan, Gansu Province, From the "7.23" Wenzhou train accident in 2011 to the terrorist attack at Kunming Railway Station in early 2014, all kinds of frequent public crisis events have proved that China has entered a period of development with a high incidence of crisis events. The same public crisis events, some of which have evolved into large-scale mass events, some can be effectively and reasonably resolved, to a large extent, is due to the different ways of crisis management. After the outbreak of the crisis, some government departments can rationally treat, dare to look directly at events, through timely, comprehensive and accurate disclosure of crisis information, let the public understand the progress of the situation, eliminate the psychological panic of the public, work together to tide over the difficulties; However, some government departments only act on their own interests, blindly conceal the information of events, and respond passively, which leads to social chaos and does not benefit the resolution of the crisis. Therefore, from the point of view of government information disclosure in crisis management, this paper intends to construct a legal mechanism to eliminate crisis events by synthetically applying knowledge in the fields of law, public management, communication, public relations, and so on. The article is divided into five parts, the first part as the introduction of the article, mainly introduces the research background, significance, and combing the current domestic and foreign research in this field, and put forward the research ideas, research content and research methods; The second part summarizes the system of public crisis management and government information disclosure, including the connotation, characteristics, feasibility and necessity of government information disclosure in public crisis management. The third part is to analyze the rule of law of government information disclosure in the public crisis management of our country, and put forward the obstacle factors that affect the effective disclosure of government information in the public crisis management of our country, and from the concept of legal system. The legal system and the management system analyze the causes of formation; The fourth part introduces the theory and practice of information disclosure in the public crisis management of the United States and the governments of the Northeast Asian countries adjacent to our country, and the enlightenment to our country. Finally, in the fifth part, the author puts forward some suggestions on how to improve the effective disclosure of government information in China's crisis management from the aspects of changing the concept of the right to know, perfecting the law and perfecting the system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：延邊大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D922.1
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