【摘要】：2011年《國有土地上房屋征收與補(bǔ)償條例》作出了對房屋所有權(quán)人有利的規(guī)定,但其并沒有將承租人納入補(bǔ)償主體范疇。由于征收中大量存在房屋所有權(quán)人與承租人分離的情形,如何協(xié)調(diào)兩者之間的利益,直接關(guān)系到征收工作的順利進(jìn)展。征收中,由于承租人法律地位的缺失,致使其權(quán)益保護(hù)受到很大阻力。征收人與被征收人之間的糾紛難以得到合理解決往往是因為相互間推脫補(bǔ)償。拒絕搬遷造成了征收進(jìn)程受阻,訴求不被重視引發(fā)了諸多矛盾,這些不得不引起全社會的關(guān)注。 本文首先厘清了房屋征收的基本內(nèi)涵,反思房屋租賃權(quán)的基本性質(zhì),然后縱觀相關(guān)立法,了解到承租人在征收中的權(quán)利經(jīng)歷了全面保護(hù)—限制保護(hù)—終止保護(hù)三階段。承租人本是征收中的利害關(guān)系人之一,為社會公共利益作出了特別犧牲,但法律的更替變化使原本應(yīng)得到補(bǔ)償?shù)某凶馊爽F(xiàn)于法無據(jù),權(quán)利救濟(jì)處于真空狀態(tài)。接著我們對此種保護(hù)困境進(jìn)行了深度剖析,得出這是法律因素和政治因素共同造就的結(jié)果。要想改變這種有失公允的現(xiàn)狀,促使征收工作進(jìn)行得更順利,在征收立法中明確承租人的法律地位是有必要的。而法律地位的取得需要一定的法學(xué)理論支撐,因此筆者探尋出了一條保護(hù)承租人利益的法理新思路,即登記對抗說。凡經(jīng)過登記的租賃權(quán)可以直接向征收人請求補(bǔ)償,未經(jīng)登記的只能依據(jù)租賃合同向出租人請求違約責(zé)任賠償。這種登記備案充分體現(xiàn)了安全價值和效率價值。不僅維護(hù)了合同相對性與當(dāng)事人意思自治的基本理念,而且有效的保護(hù)了承租人的合法權(quán)利,更是嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行了我國房產(chǎn)管理與稅務(wù)繳納的相關(guān)要求。在此基礎(chǔ)上再建立充分的補(bǔ)償制度,使各類征收關(guān)系人都能合法合理的享有權(quán)利,尋求救濟(jì)。
[Abstract]:The regulations on the expropriation and compensation of houses on state-owned land in 2011 made the regulations in favor of the owners of the houses, but they did not include the lessees in the category of compensatory subjects. Because of the separation of the owner and the lessee in the expropriation, how to coordinate the interests between the two is directly related to the smooth progress of the expropriation. In expropriation, because of the lack of legal status of lessee, the protection of its rights and interests is greatly hindered. The dispute between the expropriator and the expropriated person is difficult to be solved reasonably because of mutual evasion of compensation. The refusal to move has hindered the process of expropriation and caused many contradictions because of the lack of attention to the demands, which have to arouse the attention of the whole society. This paper first clarifies the basic connotation of house expropriation, reflects on the basic nature of housing lease right, then makes a survey of relevant legislation, and finds out that the lessee's rights in expropriation have experienced three stages: comprehensive protection, restriction protection and termination protection. The lessee is one of the interested parties in the expropriation and has made special sacrifices for the social and public interests, but the change of the law makes the lessee who should be compensated is in the absence of the law and the relief of the right is in a vacuum state. Then we analyze the protection dilemma in depth and draw a conclusion that it is the result of both legal and political factors. It is necessary to clarify the legal status of the lessee in the expropriation legislation in order to change the unfair situation and make the expropriation work more smooth. The acquisition of legal status needs to be supported by certain legal theories, so the author explores a new legal theory to protect the interests of the lessee, that is, the theory of registration antagonism. Where the registered lease right can directly request compensation from the expropriator, the unregistered one can only apply to the lessor for damages for breach of contract according to the lease contract. This kind of registration and filing fully embodies the value of safety and efficiency. It not only maintains the basic concept of relativity of contract and autonomy of party's will, but also effectively protects the legal rights of lessee, and strictly implements the related requirements of real estate management and tax payment in our country. On this basis, the full compensation system is established, so that all kinds of expropriation related persons can legally and reasonably enjoy their rights and seek relief.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京化工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D922.3;D923.6

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本文編號：2273005