本文選題：行政事實行為 + 行政法律行為　； 參考：《河南大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著社會不斷發(fā)展，服務(wù)型政府的建設(shè)，政府行為模式也出現(xiàn)了多元化。原先的行政行為理論已經(jīng)不能適用于新型行政行為的研究，新型行政行為也同樣需要得到法律規(guī)制和相應(yīng)救濟，行政事實行為在這樣的背景下應(yīng)運而生。行政事實行為是近年來侵害行政相對人合法權(quán)益較多的行政行為類型，特別是由于部分行政事實行為是在沒有法律依據(jù)的情況下實施的，或者是雖有法律依據(jù)，但為了更有效地實現(xiàn)行政目的，而作為行政法律行為的輔助性、溝通性行為實施的。鑒于此，，通過法律救濟制度的設(shè)置，加大對行政事實行為的監(jiān)督和約束，將行政事實行為納入法律救濟范圍，形成比較完善的監(jiān)督救濟機制，對維護行政相對人或其他利益相關(guān)人的合法權(quán)益和督促行政機關(guān)依法履行職責(zé)，實現(xiàn)行政行為法制化，具有重大的理論價值與實踐意義。在國外，美國、英國、德國、日本已經(jīng)將行政事實行為納入司法、行政救濟的受案范疇，而目前我國對行政事實行為的概念仍然沒有統(tǒng)一的理論，如何將行政事實行為納入行政、司法救濟也眾說紛紜。為了填補行政事實行為的救濟真空，本文從行政事實行為的概念入手，研究國外相關(guān)制度，對行政事實行為的法律救濟提出完善的方案。 本文的第一部分闡述了行政事實行為的相關(guān)理論。該部分首先對國內(nèi)外有關(guān)行政事實行為的研究成果進行了羅列和綜述，并總結(jié)出四種有代表性的觀點加以評析。在此基礎(chǔ)上集中討論了行政事實行為的概念的界定和基本特征以及分類，并對行政事實行為與準(zhǔn)行政行為、行政法律行為、假行政行為、行政侵權(quán)行為等相關(guān)概念進行區(qū)別。最后介紹了界定行政事實行為的必要性。 第二部分主要是介紹了域外行政事實行為法律救濟制度比較。以英美法系的英國和美國，以及大陸法系的德國、法國以及我國的臺灣地區(qū)為重點分析了各國的行政事實行為救濟制度，然后相比分析了我國在行政事實行為救濟方面存在的急需完善之處。 第三部分從我國目前行政事實行為的相關(guān)規(guī)定和行政事實行為的制度運行上介紹了我國行政事實行為救濟制度的現(xiàn)狀和缺陷；比如行政訴訟受案范圍狹窄，行政訴訟門檻過多，國家賠償制度的不完善，行政補償制度的不健全。提出了我國現(xiàn)在行政事實行為所存在的問題。 第四部分是在前述缺陷的基礎(chǔ)上提出了關(guān)于完善行政事實行為法律救濟的基本構(gòu)想。如擴大行政訴訟受案范圍，減少行政訴訟門檻，完善國家賠償制度，健全行政補償制度。 在當(dāng)代中國依法治國理念的指導(dǎo)下，任何行政機關(guān)的行政行為都應(yīng)該納入法律規(guī)制，在此背景下行政事實行為也要像法律行為一樣受法律調(diào)整。所以本文試圖界定行政事實行為概念，以及完善對行政事實行為的法律救濟。
[Abstract]:With the development of the society and the construction of the service-oriented government, the behavior pattern of the government has been diversified. The original theory of administrative act can no longer be applied to the study of new administrative act, and the new administrative act also needs legal regulation and corresponding relief. Administrative factual behavior emerges as the times require under such a background. Administrative factual acts are the types of administrative acts that infringe on the legitimate rights and interests of administrative counterpart in recent years, especially because some administrative factual acts are carried out without legal basis, or even though there is a legal basis, But in order to realize the administrative purpose more effectively, as the auxiliary and communication behavior of the administrative legal act. In view of this, through the establishment of the legal relief system, we should strengthen the supervision and restraint of the administrative factual acts, bring the administrative factual acts into the scope of legal relief, and form a relatively perfect supervisory relief mechanism. It is of great theoretical value and practical significance to safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of the administrative counterpart or other stakeholders, to urge the administrative organs to perform their duties according to law, and to realize the legalization of administrative acts. In foreign countries, the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany and Japan have brought administrative factual acts into the category of judicial and administrative relief cases. However, at present, there is still no unified theory on the concept of administrative factual acts in our country. There are different opinions on how to bring administrative factual behavior into administration. In order to fill the relief vacuum of administrative factual act, this paper starts with the concept of administrative factual act, studies the relevant systems abroad, and puts forward a perfect scheme for the legal relief of administrative factual act. The first part of this article elaborated the administrative fact behavior related theory. This part firstly lists and summarizes the research results of administrative factual behavior at home and abroad, and summarizes four representative viewpoints. On this basis, it focuses on the definition, basic characteristics and classification of the concept of administrative factual act, and distinguishes between administrative factual act and quasi-administrative act, administrative legal act, false administrative act, administrative tort and other related concepts. Finally, it introduces the necessity of defining administrative factual behavior. The second part mainly introduces the legal relief system comparison of the extraterritorial administrative factual acts. Based on the Anglo-American law system of the United Kingdom and the United States, as well as the continental law system of Germany, France and China's Taiwan region as the focus of the analysis of the administrative factual acts of relief systems in various countries. Then compared with the analysis of our country in the administrative fact of the existence of relief in urgent need of improvement. The third part introduces the current situation and defects of the relief system of administrative factual acts in our country from the relevant provisions of the current administrative factual acts and the system operation of administrative factual acts. For example, the scope of administrative litigation is narrow and the threshold of administrative litigation is too high. The state compensation system is not perfect, and the administrative compensation system is not perfect. This paper puts forward the existing problems of administrative factual behavior in our country. The fourth part puts forward the basic conception of perfecting the legal remedy of administrative factual act on the basis of the above mentioned defects. Such as expanding the scope of administrative litigation, reducing the threshold of administrative litigation, perfecting the national compensation system, and perfecting the administrative compensation system. Under the guidance of the concept of ruling the country according to law in contemporary China, the administrative behavior of any administrative organ should be regulated by law, and under this background, the administrative factual behavior should be adjusted by law just as the legal act. So this paper tries to define the concept of administrative fact act and perfect the legal remedy to administrative fact act.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D922.1

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