本文選題：強(qiáng)制醫(yī)療 + 刑事政策��； 參考：《西南政法大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：由于危險(xiǎn)觸法精神病人引發(fā)的不安氛圍和引人側(cè)目的危險(xiǎn)事件，，當(dāng)下社會(huì)的人民群眾的安全和正常生活受到了極大的影響。《刑事訴訟法》新增一章“依法不負(fù)刑事責(zé)任的精神病人的強(qiáng)制醫(yī)療程序”，專門從法律層面來(lái)應(yīng)對(duì)這類危險(xiǎn)人群的管理和治療問(wèn)題，這對(duì)于觸法精神病人的處遇問(wèn)題具有里程碑的意義。強(qiáng)制醫(yī)療制度正式實(shí)施已有一年的時(shí)間，其運(yùn)行實(shí)效并非理想，各個(gè)實(shí)踐部門反映出了新制度的規(guī)范尚不完善，還不足以支撐強(qiáng)制醫(yī)療制度的正常運(yùn)作；而隨著我國(guó)法治的發(fā)展和新制度與司法實(shí)踐相互作用，在理論上強(qiáng)制醫(yī)療制度也有了新發(fā)展，許多問(wèn)題還需要進(jìn)一步討論和厘清。因此，在強(qiáng)制醫(yī)療制度出臺(tái)一年之際，有必要對(duì)強(qiáng)制醫(yī)療制度現(xiàn)行的法律原理、制度框架、法律條文以及司法實(shí)踐進(jìn)行分析解構(gòu)，剖析強(qiáng)制醫(yī)療制度面臨的困難和缺陷，尋求理論和制度構(gòu)建方面的出路和完善。 本文主要包括四個(gè)部分： 第一章探討了強(qiáng)制醫(yī)療制度產(chǎn)生的刑罰理論基礎(chǔ)，厘清強(qiáng)制醫(yī)療的基本性質(zhì)，以及比較國(guó)外典型國(guó)家的立法實(shí)踐。從根本上厘清強(qiáng)制醫(yī)療制度遵循的基本理論是與現(xiàn)行的刑法“行為論”完全不同的“人身危險(xiǎn)論”，其制度本身具有人權(quán)保障和秩序維護(hù)兩大主要目的，并根據(jù)我國(guó)的司法實(shí)際對(duì)強(qiáng)制醫(yī)療的性質(zhì)進(jìn)行了重新定位，揭示了促進(jìn)強(qiáng)制醫(yī)療制度發(fā)展和完善的根本矛盾。 第二章對(duì)強(qiáng)制醫(yī)療構(gòu)成要件的建構(gòu)。在現(xiàn)有的法律條文中，強(qiáng)制醫(yī)療的構(gòu)成要件并沒(méi)有完整地提出，以致于在司法實(shí)踐中大部分的精力和資源集中在了醫(yī)學(xué)專業(yè)問(wèn)題的探討而忽略了其他要件。為了避免這種情況，本章在應(yīng)然層面上羅列并逐一分析了強(qiáng)制醫(yī)療的構(gòu)成要件，為分析司法實(shí)踐中強(qiáng)制醫(yī)療存在的問(wèn)題奠定基礎(chǔ)。 第三章和第四章是本文的重點(diǎn)。第三章主要闡述了強(qiáng)制醫(yī)療的現(xiàn)實(shí)中理論和實(shí)踐中存在的困境。在第二部分理性建構(gòu)的分析上，通過(guò)相似制度的類比、國(guó)內(nèi)外比較借鑒等方法，在實(shí)然層面上指出了，在我國(guó)強(qiáng)制醫(yī)療在理論和價(jià)值選擇的兩難困境，立法中存在傳統(tǒng)刑法理論與強(qiáng)制醫(yī)療刑罰理論的沖突，司法證明以及專門問(wèn)題的認(rèn)定方面存在的困境，為后文的制度完善構(gòu)想做好鋪墊。 第四章是針對(duì)強(qiáng)制醫(yī)療制度的困境的思考與建議。本章對(duì)應(yīng)前文所提到的一系列問(wèn)題，首先在理論上確立了平衡人權(quán)和秩序價(jià)值取向，并為了統(tǒng)一刑事法律做了相應(yīng)的立法建議。其次結(jié)合國(guó)內(nèi)外有益的立法和制度經(jīng)驗(yàn)，試圖在我國(guó)法治改革完善過(guò)程中司法資源整合之際，在理論、實(shí)踐以及配套制度方面，完善強(qiáng)制醫(yī)療制度。
[Abstract]:As a result of the disturbing atmosphere and eye-catching dangerous events caused by the mentally ill who are in danger of being in contact with the law, The safety and normal life of the people in the present society have been greatly affected. The new chapter of the Criminal procedure Law is "compulsory medical procedures for mental patients who are not criminally responsible according to law." It is significant to deal with the management and treatment of this kind of dangerous people from the legal level, which is a milestone for the treatment of mental patients. It has been one year since the compulsory medical system was formally implemented, and its actual effect is not ideal. The practice departments reflect that the norms of the new system are not perfect enough to support the normal operation of the compulsory medical system. With the development of the rule of law and the interaction between the new system and the judicial practice, the compulsory medical system in theory also has a new development, many problems need to be further discussed and clarified. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze and deconstruct the current legal principles, institutional framework, legal provisions and judicial practice of the compulsory medical system at the time of the introduction of the compulsory medical system for one year, and to analyze the difficulties and defects that the compulsory medical system faces. Seek the way out and perfect in theory and system construction. This paper mainly includes four parts: the first chapter discusses the theoretical basis of compulsory medical care system, clarifies the basic nature of compulsory medical care, and compares the legislative practice of foreign typical countries. The basic theory that the compulsory medical system follows is "personal danger theory" which is completely different from the current criminal law "behavior theory". The system itself has two main purposes: human rights protection and order maintenance. According to the judicial practice of our country, the author reorientates the nature of compulsory medical treatment, and reveals the fundamental contradiction that promotes the development and perfection of compulsory medical treatment system. The second chapter constructs the constitution of compulsory medical treatment. In the existing legal provisions, the constitutive elements of compulsory medical treatment have not been put forward completely, so most of the energy and resources in judicial practice are focused on the discussion of medical professional problems, while ignoring the other elements. In order to avoid this kind of situation, this chapter lists and analyzes the constitutive elements of compulsory medical treatment one by one, which lays a foundation for the analysis of the problems existing in the compulsory medical treatment in judicial practice. The third and fourth chapters are the focus of this paper. The third chapter mainly expounds the dilemma in the theory and practice of compulsory medical treatment. In the second part of the rational construction of the analysis, through the analogy of similar systems, domestic and foreign comparison and other methods, in the realistic level pointed out, in our country compulsory medical treatment in theory and value choice dilemma, There are conflicts between the traditional criminal law theory and the compulsory medical penalty theory in the legislation, and the difficulties in the judicial proof and the identification of the special problems, which pave the way for the later ideas of perfecting the system. The fourth chapter is the thinking and suggestion on the dilemma of compulsory medical system. This chapter corresponds to a series of problems mentioned above. Firstly, it establishes the value orientation of balancing human rights and order in theory, and makes corresponding legislative suggestions in order to unify the criminal law. Secondly, combining the beneficial legislative and institutional experience at home and abroad, this paper tries to perfect the compulsory medical system in theory, practice and supporting system when the judicial resources are integrated in the process of the reform and perfection of the rule of law in our country.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：D925.2;D922.16

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