本文選題：跨行政區(qū) + 水污染�。� 參考：《武漢大學》2014年博士論文

【摘要】：我國已經(jīng)有了相對水污染控制的法制體系,跨行政區(qū)水環(huán)境污染卻依然是普遍存在現(xiàn)象。本文從環(huán)境法治的視角審視跨行政區(qū)的水污染現(xiàn)象,認為基本的法律原因是財產(chǎn)權(quán)結(jié)構(gòu)與憲政結(jié)構(gòu)的不完善,只有從財產(chǎn)權(quán)制度和憲政體制入手,才能從根本上建立起完善的跨行政區(qū)水污染的法制。 文章認為跨行政區(qū)的水環(huán)境以及法制都是公共物品,傳統(tǒng)的政府單一中心提供這兩類公共物品都顯得不足。在政府也是理性人組成的理性組織的情況下,跨行政區(qū)的政府之間的理性博弈依然不能自發(fā)地達成集體行動的效益最大化。因此,需要借助治理理論,從單中心治理向多中心治理轉(zhuǎn)變,充分發(fā)揮市場和社會的作用。文章重點從法律制度建設(shè)的視角討論了政府之間的合作關(guān)系和公眾參與環(huán)境治理。 本文以我國現(xiàn)有的跨行政區(qū)水污染法制的現(xiàn)狀為基礎(chǔ),借鑒了經(jīng)濟學有關(guān)外部性的分析邏輯,嘗試著構(gòu)建了類似的法律分析框架,指出導致現(xiàn)有法律失靈的基本原因是責任不明確,缺乏應(yīng)有的追責機制。因此,制度建設(shè)的關(guān)鍵步驟是建立政府責任的可審性及違法責任的監(jiān)督與追究機制,重點是啟動社會的力量,賦予公眾參與環(huán)境治理的權(quán)利。 文章在介紹了國際國外跨區(qū)域的公共治理的經(jīng)驗的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合我國的實際,在對策上給出了完善環(huán)境產(chǎn)權(quán)制度、將現(xiàn)有的各地自發(fā)的政府間合作模式制度化的建議,以及公眾通過公益訴訟參與環(huán)境治理的制度建設(shè)的建議。前者重點指出要建立《地方政府合作關(guān)系法》,將現(xiàn)有的政府和干部考核制度法制化,明確環(huán)境質(zhì)量的約束條件。后者重點指出要培育環(huán)境保護組織,加強能力建設(shè),提供環(huán)境公益訴訟的約束與激勵機制。
[Abstract]:Our country already has the relative water pollution control legal system, but the cross-administrative district water environment pollution is still the universal phenomenon. This paper examines the phenomenon of water pollution in cross-administrative regions from the perspective of environmental rule of law, and holds that the basic legal reason is the imperfection of the structure of property rights and constitutionalism, only from the property right system and constitutional system. In order to fundamentally establish a sound cross-administrative water pollution legal system. The article holds that the water environment and the legal system are public goods, and the traditional government single center provides these two kinds of public goods. Under the condition that the government is also a rational organization composed of rational people, the rational game between the governments of different administrative regions can not reach the maximum benefit of collective action spontaneously. Therefore, we need to make use of the theory of governance, from single center governance to polycentric governance, and give full play to the role of market and society. This paper discusses the cooperative relationship between governments and public participation in environmental governance from the perspective of legal system construction. Based on the current situation of cross-administrative water pollution law in our country, and drawing on the external logic of economics, this paper tries to construct a similar legal analysis framework. It is pointed out that the basic reason for the failure of the existing law is the unclear responsibility and the lack of proper accountability mechanism. Therefore, the key step of the system construction is to establish the mechanism of the government responsibility and the supervision and investigation of the illegal responsibility. The emphasis is to start the social power and give the public the right to participate in the environmental governance. On the basis of introducing the international and foreign experience of cross-regional public governance, combined with the reality of our country, the paper gives some suggestions on how to perfect the system of environmental property right and institutionalize the existing spontaneous intergovernmental cooperation model. And the public through public interest litigation to participate in environmental governance system construction proposals. The former emphatically points out that it is necessary to establish "Law of Local Government Cooperative Relations", legalize the existing examination system of government and cadres, and clarify the restrictive conditions of environmental quality. The latter points out that it is necessary to cultivate environmental protection organizations, strengthen capacity building, and provide restraint and incentive mechanism for environmental public interest litigation.
【學位授予單位】：武漢大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D922.6
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本文編號：2079051