本文選題：環(huán)境許可 + 中國(guó)環(huán)境許可立法��； 參考：《中國(guó)政法大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)》2017年06期

【摘要】：中國(guó)的環(huán)境許可立法雖有顯著完善,但不改薄弱之現(xiàn)狀。目前急需采取措施以幫助中國(guó)建立一項(xiàng)有效的環(huán)境許可制度。許可證在上世紀(jì)80年代后半期首次引入中國(guó),但是在接下來(lái)的近三十年中,其主要充當(dāng)排放報(bào)告制度的補(bǔ)充措施,而非一項(xiàng)污染治理政策。2014年至2015年間,中國(guó)兩部環(huán)境保護(hù)和污染防治的基礎(chǔ)法律被修訂,尤其是在法律責(zé)任和公眾參與方面進(jìn)步明顯。盡管如此,這兩項(xiàng)法規(guī)并沒(méi)有保障中國(guó)環(huán)境許可制度的有效實(shí)施。通過(guò)分析中國(guó)現(xiàn)行環(huán)境許可的法律和政策工具的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn),以及考查歐盟和美國(guó)許可制度的基本特征,本文旨在確定中國(guó)決策者為建立有效環(huán)境許可制度整體框架所應(yīng)采取的重要措施。因此,在本文中,筆者認(rèn)為應(yīng)該制定并實(shí)施一個(gè)適應(yīng)中國(guó)現(xiàn)狀及需求的特別許可框架,并且可以從三個(gè)關(guān)鍵措施出發(fā):整合現(xiàn)有政策工具出臺(tái)專門法規(guī);明確各級(jí)政府職責(zé);加強(qiáng)企業(yè)責(zé)任追究。如果被適用,這些措施可能會(huì)大大有助于彌補(bǔ)中國(guó)環(huán)境許可立法的主要缺陷,從而為中國(guó)綜合推行環(huán)境許可制度提供一個(gè)更加精簡(jiǎn)且兼具效率的框架。
[Abstract]:Although China's environmental licensing legislation is significantly improved, it does not change the weak status quo. Measures are urgently needed to help China establish an effective environmental licensing system. The license was first introduced to China in the second half of the 1980s, but for the next three decades, it largely served as a complement to the emissions reporting system, rather than as a pollution control policy. Two basic laws on environmental protection and pollution prevention in China have been amended, especially in terms of legal responsibility and public participation. Nevertheless, these two regulations do not guarantee the effective implementation of China's environmental licensing system. By analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of the current legal and policy instruments of environmental licensing in China, and examining the basic characteristics of the licensing systems of the European Union and the United States, The purpose of this paper is to determine the important measures that Chinese policy makers should take to establish the overall framework of effective environmental licensing system. Therefore, in this paper, I believe that we should develop and implement a special licensing framework adapted to the current situation and needs of China, and can proceed from three key measures: integrating existing policy tools to issue special laws and regulations; clarifying the responsibilities of governments at all levels; We will strengthen the accountability of enterprises. If applied, these measures may greatly help to remedy the major deficiencies in China's environmental licensing legislation, thus providing a more streamlined and efficient framework for China's comprehensive implementation of the environmental licensing system.
【作者單位】： 中國(guó)政法大學(xué);中國(guó)政法大學(xué)民商經(jīng)濟(jì)法學(xué)院;
【分類號(hào)】：D922.68

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