本文選題：事權(quán) + 事權(quán)劃分��； 參考：《南京工業(yè)大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：央地關(guān)系是與國家統(tǒng)一、政治發(fā)展、經(jīng)濟進步的大局密切相關(guān)。而事權(quán)配置又是處理央地關(guān)系中最為復雜的問題，所以，事權(quán)在央地之間的劃分極為重要，但我國卻始終未能得到充分的研究和探討。 本文主要分為三個部分： 第一部分，主要介紹央地事權(quán)劃分的基本范疇。學界目前對于事權(quán)的概念沒有基本的統(tǒng)一標準，在外延和解釋的角度上更是莫衷一是。所以筆者先從語意角度分析事權(quán)概念，將事權(quán)與財權(quán)、支出責任之間的關(guān)系做比較研究，得出筆者對事權(quán)概念的界定，即一國內(nèi)不同級別（中央與地方各級）、不同類型（中央與一般地方、民族自治區(qū)以及特別行政區(qū)等）區(qū)域所擁有的公共權(quán)力和所應履行的公共服務職責。 第二部分，主要討論兩個問題，即關(guān)于我國當前央地事權(quán)配置的現(xiàn)狀以及存在的主要問題及原因分析。筆者首先通過現(xiàn)行的規(guī)范性條文，總結(jié)出我國目前主要的中央事權(quán)、地方事權(quán)及央地共享事權(quán)的主要內(nèi)容，然后在此基礎上對我國央地事權(quán)劃分的現(xiàn)狀及存在的問題進行分析，分別是：定位不準確（政府“越位”、“缺位”現(xiàn)象時常發(fā)生）、配置不合理（央地事權(quán)交叉重疊、機構(gòu)設置不合理）、法律不具體（憲法等相關(guān)法律只有幾條央地事權(quán)劃分的原則性規(guī)定，無實踐操作性）。而導致上述一系列問題的原因，筆者認為主要有如下幾點：權(quán)力配置缺乏相應的配套立法，央地權(quán)力配置方式行政化；央地事權(quán)劃分界線不清，同構(gòu)性嚴重；央地事權(quán)劃分沒有統(tǒng)一的劃分原則；事權(quán)與支出責任不適應；缺乏有效的問責機制和監(jiān)督機制。 第三部分，主要根據(jù)上述問題提出筆者關(guān)于央地事權(quán)劃分法治化的幾點思考。第一，明確央地事權(quán)的基本劃分原則，主要有：兼顧中央與地方兩個積極性原則；統(tǒng)一性與靈活性相結(jié)合原則；法制原則；權(quán)力制約原則。第二，健全央地事權(quán)劃分的法律體系，主要從事權(quán)憲定和制定《中央與地方關(guān)系法》兩方面出發(fā)。第三，建立事權(quán)與支出責任相適應制度，提高支出責任重心，，進一步合理劃分政府間支出責任范圍，與事權(quán)劃分相匹配，避免出現(xiàn)“討價還價”式的央地關(guān)系。
[Abstract]:The relationship between central and local areas is closely related to the overall situation of national unification, political development and economic progress. The allocation of administrative power is the most complex problem in dealing with the relationship between central and local authorities. Therefore, the division of administrative power between central areas is extremely important, but our country has never been fully studied and discussed. This paper is mainly divided into three parts: the first part, This paper mainly introduces the basic category of the division of central and local administrative power. At present, there is no basic unified standard for the concept of power in academic circles, and there is no agreement on extension and interpretation. Therefore, the author first analyzes the concept of matter power from the semantic point of view, makes a comparative study of the relationship between the right of affairs, financial power and expenditure responsibility, and draws the definition of the concept of the right of affairs. That is, the public power and public service duties to be performed by different levels of a country (central and local levels, different types of regions (central and general local, autonomous regions and special administrative regions, etc.). This paper mainly discusses two problems, that is, the present situation, the main problems and the reasons of the allocation of the administrative power of the central government in China. Firstly, the author summarizes the main contents of the main central, local and shared administrative powers through the current normative provisions, and then analyzes the present situation and existing problems of the division of the central and local administrative powers in China. The difference is that the position is not accurate (the government "offside", "absence" phenomenon often occurs, the allocation is not reasonable (the central authority overlapping, The establishment of the organization is unreasonable and the law is not specific. (the constitution and other related laws have only a few rules of principle for the division of the central and local administrative powers, and there is no practical operation. The reasons leading to the above problems are as follows: the lack of corresponding supporting legislation for power allocation, the administration of central power allocation, the unclear division of power between central and local authorities, and the serious isomorphism; There is no unified principle for the division of administrative power between central and local areas; the administrative power and expenditure responsibility are not suitable; there is a lack of effective accountability mechanism and supervision mechanism. The third part, based on the above problems, puts forward some thoughts on the legalization of the division of administrative power between central and local authorities. First, it is clear that the basic division principle of the central and local administration power, including: the central and local two principles of enthusiasm; unity and flexibility of the combination of the principle; the principle of legal system; the principle of power restriction. Second, perfecting the legal system of the division of the central and local administrative powers, mainly from the two aspects of constitutional power and the formulation of the Central and Local Relations Law. Thirdly, it is necessary to establish a suitable system between administrative power and expenditure responsibility, to improve the focus of expenditure responsibility, to further rationally divide the scope of intergovernmental expenditure responsibility, to match with the division of administrative power, and to avoid the "bargaining" relationship between central and local areas.
【學位授予單位】：南京工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D922.1

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本文編號：1999765