本文選題：PPP政府規(guī)制 + 公共產(chǎn)品與服務(wù)　； 參考：《吉林大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著國家經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展和政府在公共產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)供給側(cè)的角色轉(zhuǎn)變,PPP愈發(fā)展現(xiàn)出了旺盛的發(fā)展勢(shì)頭和強(qiáng)大的活力。在這樣的背景下,PPP的相關(guān)立法工作也需要更加積極地展開。黨的十八屆三中全會(huì)明確提出“制定非公有制企業(yè)進(jìn)入特許經(jīng)營領(lǐng)域具體辦法”的要求之后,自2013年起,PPP在全國范圍內(nèi)如火如荼地展開。但經(jīng)過近兩年的發(fā)展,政府對(duì)PPP的規(guī)制仍然以政策性規(guī)范為主,PPP法律規(guī)范則逐漸暴露出數(shù)量少、位階低、實(shí)效性差等缺陷。從實(shí)踐的角度也不難看出,在PPP項(xiàng)目推進(jìn)過程中,完備的規(guī)制體系尚未建立,單純的政策規(guī)制越來越難以應(yīng)對(duì)各種新型問題,因而令業(yè)界在肯定PPP未來前景的同時(shí)也產(chǎn)生了真真切切的擔(dān)憂。因此,本文嘗試從法政策學(xué)的角度,對(duì)PPP的各種現(xiàn)有規(guī)制手段進(jìn)行分析和解讀,找到現(xiàn)有規(guī)制體系由于立法滯后及政策缺陷等因素給PPP模式發(fā)展所帶來的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和隱患。目前,以政策規(guī)制為主,立法規(guī)制為輔的PPP規(guī)制總體架構(gòu)尚未發(fā)生根本的改變,絕大多數(shù)PPP項(xiàng)目是以政府為主導(dǎo)、自上而下通過發(fā)布政策性文件予以引導(dǎo)和推動(dòng)的。但是,有關(guān)PPP的各種政策性文件存在合法性監(jiān)督缺位、穩(wěn)定性不足,規(guī)定內(nèi)容相互矛盾、部門利益訴求明顯、政出多門等諸多問題,客觀上造成了PPP規(guī)制手段互相節(jié)制、規(guī)制體系混亂、政府行政權(quán)力濫用、朝令夕改、社會(huì)資本猶豫不決等負(fù)面效應(yīng),致使很多PPP項(xiàng)目陷入簽約難、推進(jìn)難的困境之中。本文主要以發(fā)改委和財(cái)政部的相關(guān)規(guī)制文件為參照,系統(tǒng)分析和反思我國現(xiàn)有PPP相關(guān)立法與政策規(guī)制體系的現(xiàn)狀和問題,并嘗試對(duì)PPP規(guī)制體系進(jìn)行改革和重構(gòu),找到PPP規(guī)制立法的有效策略和方法。本文認(rèn)為,應(yīng)將PPP法律規(guī)范、政策引導(dǎo)以及其他各種PPP規(guī)制工具有機(jī)結(jié)合,準(zhǔn)確把握PPP發(fā)展的核心,加快建立以一般性立法為綱、特定行業(yè)及地方立法為目;立法規(guī)制為主、政策及其他規(guī)制為輔的“立法規(guī)制-政策規(guī)制-指引指南-合同管理”的PPP多層級(jí)立體規(guī)制體系,確保作為公共產(chǎn)品與服務(wù)供給側(cè)改革創(chuàng)新機(jī)制的PPP模式有序健康發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:With the development of national economy and the change of the role of the government in the supply side of public goods and services, PPP has shown a strong momentum of development and strong vitality. Under this background, the relevant legislation of PPP also needs to be carried out more actively. After the third Plenary session of the 18th CPC Central Committee explicitly put forward the requirement of "formulating specific measures for non-public enterprises to enter the field of franchise", PPP has been in full swing throughout the country since 2013. However, after nearly two years of development, the government's regulation of the PPP is still based on the policy norm. However, the legal norms of PPP are gradually exposed to the defects of small number, low rank and poor effectiveness. From the point of view of practice, it is not difficult to see that in the process of advancing the PPP project, the complete regulation system has not been established, and the pure policy regulation is becoming more and more difficult to deal with all kinds of new problems. As a result, the industry in the affirmation of the future prospects of PPP, but also a genuine concern. Therefore, this paper attempts to analyze and interpret the existing regulatory means of PPP from the perspective of law and policy, and find out the risks and hidden dangers brought by the current regulatory system to the development of PPP model due to the lag of legislation and policy defects. At present, the overall framework of PPP regulation, which is mainly based on policy regulation and supplemented by legislative regulation, has not been fundamentally changed. Most PPP projects are guided and promoted by issuing policy documents from top to bottom. However, various policy documents related to PPP have many problems, such as the absence of legal supervision, the lack of stability, the contradictory contents of the regulations, the obvious demand for the interests of the departments, and so on, which objectively result in the abstinence of the means of PPP regulation. The system of regulation is chaotic, the government administrative power is abused, the law is changed day by day, the social capital is hesitant and other negative effects, so many PPP projects fall into the difficult position of contracting and pushing forward. Based on the relevant regulatory documents of the NDRC and the Ministry of Finance, this paper systematically analyzes and reflects on the current situation and problems of the existing legislation and policy regulation system of PPP in China, and attempts to reform and reconstruct the PPP regulatory system. Find out the effective strategy and method of PPP regulation legislation. In this paper, we should combine the legal norms of PPP, policy guidance and other PPP regulation tools, grasp the core of PPP development accurately, accelerate the establishment of general legislation, specific industry and local legislation for the purpose, legislative regulation mainly, The PPP multi-level system of regulation supplemented by policy and other regulations "Legislative Regulation-Policy Regulation-guidance Guide-contract Management" ensures the orderly and healthy development of the PPP model as a supply-side innovation mechanism for public goods and services.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：D922.181

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