本文選題：疫苗接種 + 損害��； 參考：《西北民族大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著社會的進步,科學(xué)技術(shù)水平的提高,人們通過研制疫苗的手段來對傳染病進行有效的控制和預(yù)防工作。根據(jù)世界衛(wèi)生組織的統(tǒng)計,在疫苗的普及之后,每年因為傳染病死亡的人數(shù)大幅度下降。但是在進行疫苗接種的時候仍要考慮到疫苗本身就是病原體也有著相當(dāng)程度的副作用,會給人帶來潛在的危險。通過不斷的研究分析調(diào)查,疫苗雖然能夠有效的預(yù)防疾病,但是并不是十分的安全,就算疫苗的生產(chǎn)制造的過程中沒有質(zhì)量上的問題,但是根據(jù)接種人群的體質(zhì)不同,也可能產(chǎn)生不適的反應(yīng)。所以在疫苗大量普及的情況下,難免會遇到對疫苗不能夠適應(yīng)的受種者,會對其生命安全造成威脅�，F(xiàn)在國家在對疫苗傷害方面的補償制度還不完善,雖然有很多疫苗都是國家免費提供,但是國家還要對會帶來的危險進行相應(yīng)的責(zé)任的承擔(dān)。依據(jù)國家尊重和保障人權(quán)的憲法義務(wù),無論接種的是一類疫苗還是二類疫苗,國家都應(yīng)當(dāng)承擔(dān)相應(yīng)的賠償或補償責(zé)任。因此,未來應(yīng)通過健全和完善相關(guān)立法,以求在疫苗傷害救濟機制中構(gòu)建起國家賠償制度與國家補償制度相結(jié)合的二元國家責(zé)任體系。文章主要研究內(nèi)容包括六個部分。第一部分屬于導(dǎo)論部分,其中詳細的介紹了本論文的選題的背景,結(jié)合國內(nèi)外的疫苗事件進行討論分析,針對我國現(xiàn)在在關(guān)于疫苗造成危害所將承擔(dān)的法律后果和賠償制度進行了論述,同時對比境外的賠償制度,介紹課題的研究意義,從總體上把握論文的討論方向。第二部分對一些論文中所涉及的相關(guān)概念進行詳細的定義,介紹了疫苗接種的發(fā)展歷史,以及異常反應(yīng)的定義,哪些是屬于異常反應(yīng)范疇之外的內(nèi)容。另外對疫苗接種所造成危害將要進行法律責(zé)任承擔(dān)的主體進行了分類定義,明確其法律地位,確定所產(chǎn)生的糾紛的法律性質(zhì)等。第三部分通過選取近幾年的三起疫苗接種致人損害的事故,論述了造成的影響,并反思了目前我國對疫苗接種異常反應(yīng)受害者救濟制度的現(xiàn)狀。第四部分通過對我國的現(xiàn)存的不完善的疫苗接種受害賠償制度進行了分析討論,提出了一些修改的意見。第五部分結(jié)合了境外對境外應(yīng)對疫苗接種中所造成的人員傷害賠償制度和方案進行了詳細的分析和討論,選擇了法律體系比較完善的幾個國家和地區(qū)進行了救助法律的研究,為完善我國救助體制提供了一個可以參考的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和模板,為我國法律的完善提供一個具體的方向。第六部分論述了完善疫苗接種受害人行政救濟制度的必要性,并針對國家賠償和補償?shù)牟蛔阒?提出改進建議。
[Abstract]:With the progress of society and the improvement of science and technology, people can effectively control and prevent infectious diseases by developing vaccines. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the number of deaths from infectious diseases has dropped sharply every year following the spread of vaccines. However, it is important to take into account that the vaccine itself is a pathogen with considerable side effects and potentially dangerous. Through continuous research and analysis, although the vaccine can effectively prevent diseases, it is not very safe. Even if there is no quality problem in the production and manufacture of the vaccine, it varies according to the physique of the vaccinated population. It can also produce an uncomfortable response. Therefore, in the case of widespread vaccine, it is inevitable to meet the vaccine can not adapt to the recipient, will pose a threat to their lives. At present, the national compensation system for vaccine injury is not perfect. Although many vaccines are provided free of charge by the state, the country also has to bear the corresponding responsibility for the danger it will bring. In accordance with the constitutional obligation of the State to respect and protect human rights, the State shall bear the corresponding liability for compensation or compensation, regardless of whether it is a first class vaccine or a second class vaccine. Therefore, in the future, we should perfect and perfect the relevant legislation in order to set up a dual system of state responsibility which combines the national compensation system with the national compensation system in the vaccine injury relief mechanism. The main content of this paper includes six parts. The first part is the introduction part, which introduces the background of this thesis in detail, and discusses and analyzes the vaccine events at home and abroad. This paper discusses the legal consequences and compensation system of vaccine damage in our country, compares the compensation system abroad, introduces the research significance of the subject, and holds the discussion direction of the thesis in general. The second part gives a detailed definition of the concepts involved in some papers, introduces the history of vaccination, the definition of abnormal reactions, which are outside the category of abnormal reactions. In addition, the author defines the subject of legal liability for the harm caused by vaccination, clarifies its legal status, and determines the legal nature of the disputes. In the third part, by selecting three accidents of human injury caused by vaccination in recent years, the author discusses the influence and reflects on the present situation of the relief system for the victims of abnormal vaccination in China. In the fourth part, the author analyzes and discusses the existing imperfect system of compensation for victims of vaccination in China, and puts forward some revised suggestions. The fifth part has carried on the detailed analysis and the discussion to the overseas response vaccination personnel injury compensation system and the plan, has selected several countries and the region which the legal system is quite perfect has carried on the relief law research. It provides a reference standard and template for perfecting the relief system of our country, and provides a concrete direction for the perfection of the law of our country. The sixth part discusses the necessity of perfecting the administrative relief system for vaccination victims, and puts forward suggestions for improvement in view of the deficiencies of national compensation and compensation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北民族大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D922.16

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前9條

1 杜儀方;;日本預(yù)防接種行政與國家責(zé)任之變遷[J];行政法學(xué)研究;2014年03期

2 杜儀方;;日本預(yù)防接種事件中的因果關(guān)系——以判決為中心的考察[J];華東政法大學(xué)學(xué)報;2014年01期

3 岳大海;常捷;侯志遠;吳瓊;孟慶躍;;國際上疫苗接種異常反應(yīng)補償機制借鑒[J];中國衛(wèi)生經(jīng)濟;2014年01期

4 陳穎;段洪媛;;建立我國預(yù)防接種不良反應(yīng)法律救濟機制的思考[J];社科縱橫(新理論版);2011年03期

5 陳會平;;疫苗不良反應(yīng)損害救濟及其路徑選擇[J];保險研究;2011年06期

6 馬懷德;;國家賠償制度的一次重要變革[J];法學(xué)雜志;2010年08期

7 李娟;楊雨生;;《疫苗流通和預(yù)防接種管理條例》之管窺[J];微生物學(xué)免疫學(xué)進展;2005年03期

8 楊小君;國家賠償?shù)臍w責(zé)原則與歸責(zé)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)[J];法學(xué)研究;2003年02期

9 司坡森;試論我國行政補償?shù)牧⒎ㄍ晟芠J];行政法學(xué)研究;2003年01期

，

本文編號：1900592