本文選題：PPP　切入點：公私伙伴關系　出處：《河北大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：PPP模式是一種起源于西方的國家的新型公共事業(yè)發(fā)展發(fā)展模式,在這一模式下,政府與私人資本有效結合,各自發(fā)揮其優(yōu)勢,從而達到提升公共服務質量,提高私人資本投資積極性,減輕政府負擔的目的。在我國PPP模式改革開放后經歷了從初期的單一發(fā)展階段到普及應用階段后,隨著近年來中央政府對PPP模式地鼓勵政策,進入了全面加速發(fā)展階段。然而,這種高速地發(fā)展就必然暴露許多實際問題。在實務中,社會私人資本對于PPP項目參與積極性較低,法律監(jiān)管制度實際運行能力較差,從而引發(fā)PPP模式項目整體發(fā)育不良。理論學界從未停止過對PPP模式法律理論探索研究,政府公共部門中發(fā)改委與財政部先后出臺一系列相關規(guī)定和指導性文件,財政部還在中央行政部門的層面上建立了PPP模式領導小組和PPP中心,以期對該模式得具體實踐進行規(guī)范和指導。但這些理論研究和管理制度的構架,相比于我國PPP模式的現(xiàn)實規(guī)則需要,仍然杯水車薪。這些問題的根源在于適應我國PPP模式發(fā)展和實際運行的法律制度并未真正建立,現(xiàn)行規(guī)范下的法律制度基礎法律關系定位不清、具體規(guī)范異常粗糙且漏洞百出、監(jiān)管體系混亂,難以調動PPP模式各方的參與積極性。首先,法律制度本身實際運行能力較低,基本法律規(guī)則適用混亂,法律性規(guī)范文件政出多門相互沖突,程序規(guī)則操作性差,模式示范性合同粗陋。其次,政府公共部門在參與PPP模式中“合作者”與“監(jiān)管者”角色重合,致使政府公共部門信用評價較低,項目運行全周期“權力尋租”嚴重,監(jiān)管制度無法有效運行。最后,PPP模式的糾紛和爭議解決機制不合理,在不同法律關系下糾紛爭議救濟途徑適用混亂,救濟途徑單一,參與各方沒有有效的途徑保證其合法權益得到應有地保護。在本文中筆者通過對PPP模式基礎法律概念地分析,確定PPP模式內部法律關系的理論屬性,結合PPP模式實際運行中的法律問題,提出的主要觀點為:第一,在PPP模式法律規(guī)范制定的“靈活性”與“穩(wěn)定性”矛盾中,應當側重于法律規(guī)范的“靈活性”,以契合現(xiàn)階段我國PPP模式發(fā)展正處于青春期的基本現(xiàn)狀。將PPP項目合同關系適用民商事規(guī)則,保證PPP模式合作具體內容的自治性。在法律規(guī)范地制定上應先完善基礎的實用性規(guī)則,待整個法律制度建立后再將其固定于法律條文之上。第二,對于政府公共部門的“合作者”與“監(jiān)管者”法律地位,應具體分析不同情況下政府公共部門行為的法律屬性,將其行使PPP項目合同權利時的法律地位歸屬于PPP項目的“合作者”,行使行政監(jiān)管權利時的法律地位歸屬于PPP項目的“監(jiān)管者”,從而理順PPP模式參與各方法律關系。第三,在糾紛爭議的解決機制方面,承接上文的分析結論,將區(qū)分不同法律性質的糾紛爭議,分別適用民事和行政救濟途徑。同時探索引入仲裁這種新的糾紛爭議解決機制,解決現(xiàn)行機制中審判機關與爭議糾紛雙方存在關聯(lián)、審判工作人員專業(yè)性差,難以公平公正審判的問題。
[Abstract]:The PPP model is the development of new mode of development of public utilities which originated from western countries, under this model, the effective combination of government and private capital, make full use of their own advantages, so as to improve the quality of public services, improve the private capital investment enthusiasm, reduce the government burden. Experienced in PPP mode in China after the reform and opening up from a single initial stage of development to the popularization and application stage, with the central government in recent years to PPP mode to encourage policy, entered a stage of accelerated development. However, this high-speed development will inevitably expose many problems. In practice, social and private capital to participate in PPP projects lower enthusiasm, ability poor practical operation of legal supervision system, which lead to PPP model project overall dysplasia. Academic circles have never stopped exploring research on the PPP mode of legal theory, the government in the public sector The NDRC and the Ministry of finance has issued a series of regulations and guidance documents, the Ministry of finance is still the central administrative level to establish a PPP model of the leading group and the PPP center, in order to get the model to standardize and guide practice. But the framework of theoretical research and management system, compared to China's current rules PPP mode, still. The root of the problem lies in an utterly inadequate measure has not really established legal system to adapt to the development of China's PPP model and the actual operation of the positioning of the current norms under the legal system of the basic legal relationship is not clear, specific norms extremely rough and the supervision system of chaos, Its loopholes appeared one after another., PPP mode is difficult to mobilize the enthusiasm of all parties involved first. The legal system itself, the actual operation ability is low, the basic legal rules for legal documents confusion, each department acting on its own conflict with each other, the rules of procedure of operation, mode Demonstration contract crudeness. Secondly, the government departments in the public participation in PPP mode of "cooperation" and "regulator" role overlap, resulting in credit evaluation of public sector is relatively low, the project operation period of "power rent-seeking" serious supervision system can not work effectively. Finally, to solve the dispute mechanism of PPP mode is not reasonable the dispute, dispute relief way for confusion in different legal relations, the relief way is single, the parties involved no effective way to ensure the legitimate rights and interests should be protected. In this paper the author of the legal concept of PPP model based on attribute theory to determine the internal legal relationship of PPP model, combined with the legal problems in the actual operation mode of PPP the main idea is: first, the contradiction in the PPP model formulation of legal norms "flexibility" and "stability", should focus on the law" Flexibility "to fit the present stage of China's PPP mode of development is in the basic situation of adolescence. The PPP project contract for civil and commercial rules, guarantee the autonomy of the PPP model. The specific content of cooperation in practical rules to improve the basic legal norms in the formulation should be, the whole legal system after the establishment of the fixed to the legal provisions. Second, to the government of" cooperation "and" regulator "legal status, legal attribute specific analysis under different conditions of government public behaviour, the legal status of the exercise of the PPP project contract rights attributable to the PPP project" partners ", the legal status of administrative supervision right belonging to the PPP project" regulator ", to straighten out the PPP mode in the legal relationship of all parties. Third, in the dispute settlement mechanism, undertake the analysis of the above theory, the Distinguish between the legal nature of the dispute, respectively for civil and administrative remedies. At the same time to explore the introduction of the new arbitration dispute settlement mechanism, judicial organs and solve the disputes in the current mechanism both sides are related, poor professional personnel in judicial work, it is difficult to fair trial.

【學位授予單位】：河北大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D922.2;D922.181

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1 徐藝霄;PPP模式法律制度完善研究[D];河北大學;2017年

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本文編號：1679582