本文選題：生育權(quán)　切入點：生育權(quán)規(guī)制　出處：《西南政法大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：生育使人類代代相傳，生生不息，本是一種生物體繁衍的自然現(xiàn)象。直至近代才出現(xiàn)生育權(quán)的概念，并且這一概念一直在爭議中被不斷地豐富和發(fā)展。本文從生育權(quán)的性質(zhì)入手，結(jié)合我國實踐，探討了生育權(quán)規(guī)制的相關(guān)理論問題。生育權(quán)的規(guī)制與限制生育數(shù)量不同，前者包含了更廣的范圍和更豐富的內(nèi)容，，。國家出臺和調(diào)整生育政策，規(guī)制公民的生育權(quán)，主要是由生育權(quán)的社會屬性決定的，生育與社會息息相關(guān)，不應(yīng)被認(rèn)為純屬個人私事。在必要情況下，為了公共利益對生育權(quán)進(jìn)行適當(dāng)規(guī)制是完全正當(dāng)?shù)�。對生育�?quán)進(jìn)行規(guī)制也不是對人權(quán)的侵害，而是為了保護(hù)公民的生育自由，引導(dǎo)公民合理負(fù)責(zé)平等的行使生育權(quán)，使個人自由限度與社會條件相吻合，符合社會發(fā)展的客觀規(guī)律。 建國后，我國人口經(jīng)歷了三次快速增長，形成了龐大的人口基數(shù)，生育率居高不下，過快的增長給經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展、自然環(huán)境、社會資源都造成巨大壓力，為此，上世紀(jì)70年代，我國開始推行計劃生育政策，嚴(yán)格的限制公民生育子女的數(shù)量和生育間隔。在計劃生育政策實行四十多年后的今天，我國已經(jīng)進(jìn)入了老齡化社會。生育率偏低問題，空巢老人問題，以及后續(xù)可能出現(xiàn)的勞動力不足問題開始引發(fā)全社會的關(guān)注，開放二胎政策屢屢被提上日程，各地紛紛出臺“單獨二胎”或“雙獨二胎”政策，以提高生育率，避免出現(xiàn)嚴(yán)重的老齡化問題。由此可見對生育權(quán)的規(guī)制是由客觀的社會條件決定的。本文旨在厘清生育權(quán)特性和社會客觀現(xiàn)實與生育權(quán)規(guī)制之間的關(guān)系，從法理層面解讀我國人口政策。
[Abstract]:Fertility makes mankind pass on from generation to generation. It is a natural phenomenon of biological reproduction. The concept of reproductive right did not appear until the modern times. And this concept has been constantly enriched and developed in the controversy. This paper, starting with the nature of reproductive rights and combining the practice of our country, discusses the relevant theoretical issues of reproductive rights regulation. The regulation of reproductive rights is different from limiting the number of births. The former includes a wider scope and a richer content. The state has introduced and adjusted fertility policies and regulated citizens' reproductive rights, which are mainly determined by the social attributes of reproductive rights. Fertility is closely related to society. Should not be regarded as a purely personal matter. If necessary, it is entirely justified to regulate reproductive rights for the sake of the public interest, and to regulate reproductive rights is not an infringement of human rights, but to protect citizens' reproductive freedom. To guide citizens to exercise their reproductive rights on an equal basis, to make the limits of individual freedom consistent with social conditions, and to conform to the objective law of social development. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, China's population has experienced three rapid growth, forming a huge population base, high fertility rate, excessive growth of economic development, natural environment, social resources have caused great pressure, so, in -30s, China began to implement the family planning policy, strictly limiting the number and spacing of children born to citizens. More than 40 years after the implementation of the family planning policy, China has entered an aging society. The fertility rate is on the low side. The problem of the elderly with empty nesters and the possible shortage of labor in the future began to arouse the concern of the whole society. The policy of opening up two children was frequently put on the agenda, and various localities introduced policies of "single two-child" or "two-one-child" one after another in order to raise the fertility rate. Therefore, the regulation of reproductive rights is determined by objective social conditions. The purpose of this paper is to clarify the relationship between the characteristics of reproductive rights and social objective reality and the regulation of reproductive rights. Interpretation of China's population policy from the legal perspective.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D921;D922.1

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本文編號：1616426