發(fā)布時間：2018-03-08 07:49

  本文選題：慈善捐贈　切入點：信息公開　出處：《遼寧大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：改革開放以來，我國經(jīng)濟有了長足的發(fā)展，而經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的同時，作為社會公益救助事業(yè)的慈善捐贈組織也逐步建立并逐漸完善，但是任何事物的發(fā)展都存在利弊兩個方面。本文通過介紹分析我國慈善法律現(xiàn)狀與國外慈善法律規(guī)范，同時借鑒一些國家和地區(qū)的實踐經(jīng)驗，對我國現(xiàn)有慈善規(guī)范和慈善立法提出相應(yīng)的建議。文章內(nèi)容主要從慈善捐贈主體資格的認(rèn)定、捐贈人與慈善組織之間的權(quán)利義務(wù)關(guān)系不明確、捐贈財物的管理和分配信息的不公開、剩余善款的處理方式和程序以及政府在慈善捐贈中的角色定位等現(xiàn)實中存在的問題出發(fā)從而提出解決問題的對策。 現(xiàn)實而言，我國慈善事業(yè)發(fā)展的現(xiàn)狀并不令人樂觀，一方面，我國缺乏能夠規(guī)制慈善捐贈的法律制度；另一方面，制度不完善帶來的另一嚴(yán)重后果就是社會公眾對慈善事業(yè)缺乏信任感。總而言之，我國慈善事業(yè)存在這些問題的重要根源就在于我國規(guī)制慈善捐贈相關(guān)法律的不完善。因此，本文的寫作目的在于，從法理角度上對慈善捐贈以及慈善捐贈法律關(guān)系進行界定，分析慈善捐贈法律關(guān)系的主體、客體，明晰主體之間的權(quán)利義務(wù)關(guān)系，并在此基礎(chǔ)上建立起旨在提倡和規(guī)范慈善捐贈、促進慈善事業(yè)發(fā)展的慈善捐贈法律制度。 具體來說，本文首先從慈善捐贈法律規(guī)范問題中的主體方面入手，分別從捐贈者、慈善組織、政府這三個主體切入，來分別論述其在慈善捐贈過程中的角色定位和相互之間的權(quán)利義務(wù)關(guān)系以及違約責(zé)任；其次，，慈善組織的獨立性也是本文強調(diào)的重點之一，只有慈善組織脫離政府和其他部門機關(guān)的強行介入控制，慈善組織才能真正擺脫政府的介入，從而使我國的慈善捐贈事業(yè)正當(dāng)化；最后，政府對慈善組織的介入是歷來慈善捐贈問題中存在的問題，只有政府退出慈善募捐領(lǐng)域，我國慈善捐贈事業(yè)才能得到長足的發(fā)展。總之，我國慈善法律制度的完善和發(fā)展終將有賴于法律制度的完善、慈善捐贈主體間權(quán)利義務(wù)的法律規(guī)范、慈善捐贈過程中程序的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化和公開化，以及政府部門對慈善捐贈事務(wù)全程介入行政管控的適當(dāng)退出。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, the economy of our country has made great progress, and at the same time, as a cause of social welfare and relief, charitable donation organizations have been gradually established and gradually improved. However, there are two advantages and disadvantages in the development of anything. This paper introduces and analyzes the current situation of charity law in China and the norms of charity law in foreign countries, and at the same time, draws on the practical experience of some countries and regions. This paper puts forward corresponding suggestions on the existing charitable norms and legislation in China. The content of this article is mainly from the recognition of the qualification of charitable donors, the relationship between the rights and obligations of donors and charitable organizations is not clear, The problems existing in the management and distribution information of donated property, the disposal methods and procedures of surplus funds, and the role of the government in charitable donation are discussed, and the countermeasures to solve the problems are put forward. In reality, the development of philanthropy in China is not optimistic. On the one hand, China lacks a legal system to regulate charitable donation; on the other hand, Another serious consequence of imperfect system is the lack of trust in charity. In a word, the main source of these problems in philanthropy in China lies in the imperfection of laws governing charitable donation in our country. The purpose of this paper is to define the legal relationship between charitable donation and charitable donation from the legal point of view, to analyze the subject and object of the legal relationship of charitable donation, and to clarify the relationship between the rights and obligations of the subject. On this basis, the legal system of charitable donation is established to promote and standardize charitable donation and promote the development of charity. Specifically, this paper starts with the main body of the legal norm of charitable donation, respectively from the donor, charity organization and the government. To discuss the role of its role in the process of charitable donation and the relationship between rights and obligations, as well as the responsibility for breach of contract. Secondly, the independence of charitable organizations is also one of the emphases of this paper. Only if charitable organizations break away from the forcible intervention and control of the government and other departments, can charity organizations really get rid of the government's intervention, thus legitimizing the charity donation in our country; finally, The involvement of the government in charitable organizations has always been a problem in the problem of charitable donation. Only when the government withdraws from the field of charitable donation can the cause of charitable donation in our country be greatly developed. In short, The perfection and development of our country's charitable legal system will depend on the perfection of the legal system, the legal norms of the rights and obligations between the subjects of charitable donation, the standardization and openness of the procedure in the process of charitable donation. And the proper exit of government departments involved in the whole process of charitable donation control.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D922.182.3

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本文編號：1583009