本文關(guān)鍵詞：我國(guó)公私合作伙伴關(guān)系（PPP）專項(xiàng)立法問(wèn)題研究　出處：《華僑大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： PPP 政府保證 專項(xiàng)立法模式

【摘要】：公私合作伙伴關(guān)系(PPP)是目前世界各國(guó)在基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)和公用事業(yè)發(fā)展領(lǐng)域,解決政府財(cái)政資金壓力,提高公共產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)的質(zhì)量,提高財(cái)政資金使用效率的成功模式。PPP在我國(guó)已經(jīng)走過(guò)了很長(zhǎng)一段發(fā)展歷程。在立法上呈現(xiàn)有周期性,即每十年為一個(gè)周期,每十年國(guó)家相關(guān)部門均出臺(tái)了各階段標(biāo)志性的政策和法規(guī)。隨著近兩年時(shí)間內(nèi)國(guó)務(wù)院及相關(guān)部門密集出臺(tái)PPP相關(guān)政策、法規(guī),以及地方政府的大力推動(dòng),我國(guó)迎來(lái)了第四個(gè)PPP發(fā)展高潮。由于過(guò)去我國(guó)PPP立法一直處于探索階段,PPP相關(guān)法律還存在諸多問(wèn)題,嚴(yán)重限制了PPP模式的發(fā)展,致使投資者對(duì)PPP模式望而卻步。首先,我國(guó)目前PPP相關(guān)法效力層級(jí)較低,內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)單,實(shí)踐操作性差。其次,PPP相關(guān)法尚未明確規(guī)定PPP協(xié)議的法律性質(zhì)、政府保證的法律性質(zhì)與內(nèi)容;PPP協(xié)議產(chǎn)生糾紛時(shí)救濟(jì)途徑難以選擇。再次,我國(guó)適用于PPP的相關(guān)法規(guī)與基本法存在沖突,如特許協(xié)議期間PPP標(biāo)的所有權(quán)的規(guī)定、競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性談判的規(guī)定等,需要我國(guó)對(duì)這些沖突法律配套規(guī)范進(jìn)行修改和完善。最后,我國(guó)尚未建立有效的PPP機(jī)構(gòu)體系,實(shí)踐中PPP的發(fā)展政出多門,嚴(yán)重障礙PPP的發(fā)展。除此之外,在監(jiān)管體系的完善等方面也亟待完善。經(jīng)過(guò)長(zhǎng)期的立法實(shí)踐發(fā)展,我國(guó)積累了正反兩方面豐富的實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)和富有特色的立法經(jīng)驗(yàn),同時(shí)在理論研究、立法技術(shù)、配套法律制度完善等方面,都具備制定統(tǒng)一專項(xiàng)立法的可能性。為了鼓勵(lì)、引導(dǎo)國(guó)內(nèi)私人投資者積極參與PPP模式的發(fā)展,推動(dòng)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)和公用事業(yè)的發(fā)展,制定一部適用于PPP模式發(fā)展的國(guó)家級(jí)專項(xiàng)立法,是非常必要和緊迫的。通過(guò)對(duì)域外PPP法律發(fā)展比較成熟國(guó)家的比較與借鑒,根據(jù)我國(guó)PPP立法實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn),我國(guó)可以采取專項(xiàng)立法與單項(xiàng)立法相結(jié)合的立法模式,即以專項(xiàng)立法為主,以單項(xiàng)立法為輔。這樣既可以保證PPP的統(tǒng)一法律適用,又可以增加專項(xiàng)立法的彈性。在專項(xiàng)立法時(shí),筆者建議應(yīng)當(dāng)遵循幾個(gè)立法原則:平等互利原則、統(tǒng)一規(guī)定國(guó)內(nèi)和國(guó)外投資者PPP法律適用原則、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)共擔(dān)原則。在立法內(nèi)容上,應(yīng)當(dāng)明確規(guī)定PPP協(xié)議的法律性質(zhì)、政府保證的法律性質(zhì)與內(nèi)容、PPP協(xié)議糾紛的救濟(jì)途徑以及PPP組織機(jī)構(gòu)的設(shè)立等。除此之外,對(duì)于監(jiān)管體系的完善和配套法律制度的修改也需要通過(guò)立法解決。
[Abstract]:The public-private partnership (PPP) is currently the world in infrastructure construction and development of public utilities, to solve the pressure of government funds, improve the quality of public products and services, improve the success of.PPP model of financial efficiency in the use of funds has been a long history in China. In the legislation are periodic that is, each for a period of ten years, every ten years, the relevant state departments have issued various stages of the iconic policies and regulations. With nearly two years the State Council and the relevant departments issued relevant policies and regulations, PPP, and vigorously promote the local government, China ushered in the fourth PPP because of the past development climax. PPP legislation in China has been in the exploration stage, PPP related laws still exist many problems, seriously restrict the development of the PPP mode, PPP mode of investors prohibitive. First, China's current PPP The lower level of the effectiveness of method, the content is simple, practical operation. Secondly, PPP correlation method has not clearly defined the legal nature of the PPP protocol, the legal nature and content of the government guarantee; PPP agreement dispute relief way to choose. Thirdly, conflict with China's relevant laws and regulations applicable to PPP and the basic law, such as the provisions of franchise during the period of the agreement PPP subject of ownership, competitive negotiation rules, our need to the conflict of legal standards should be modified and improved. Finally, China has yet to establish an effective PPP system, the development of political practice in the PPP situation, the development obstacle of PPP. In addition, in the regulatory system perfect aspects also need to be improved. After the legislative practice of long-term development of China's legislative experience accumulated practical experience two aspects and rich and distinctive, and in theoretical research, legislative technology, supporting the legal system The degree of improvement, have the possibility to formulate a unified special legislation. In order to encourage and guide the development of the domestic private investors to actively participate in the PPP mode, promote the development of infrastructure and public utilities, formulate a national special legislation for PPP model development, is very necessary and urgent. The comparison and reference of mature through the development of foreign PPP law countries, according to China's PPP legislation experience, our country can adopt the legislative mode of special legislation and individual legislation combined with special legislation, mainly to individual legislation as a supplement. So that we can guarantee the uniform law applicable to PPP, and can increase the special legislation in the special elastic. The legislation, the author suggests we should follow several legislative principles: the principle of equality and mutual benefit, both domestic and foreign investors to apply legal principles of PPP provisions of unity, the principle of risk sharing in the content of legislation. We should clearly stipulate the legal nature of the PPP agreement, the legal nature and content of the government guarantee, the remedy for PPP dispute and the establishment of PPP organization. Besides, the improvement of the regulatory system and the modification of the corresponding legal system also need to be solved by legislation.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：華僑大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：D922.181

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